Veil relatives

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Veil relatives
Purple thick foot (Cortinarius traganus)

Purple thick foot ( Cortinarius traganus )

Systematics
Department : Stand mushrooms (Basidiomycota)
Subdivision : Agaricomycotina
Class : Agaricomycetes
Subclass : Agaricomycetidae
Order : Mushroom-like (Agaricales)
Family : Veil relatives
Scientific name
Cortinariaceae
R. Heim ex Pouzar (nom. Cons.)

The veil relatives ( Cortinariaceae) are a very species-rich family within the order of the mushroom-like (Agaricales). The type genus of the family are the Cortinarii ( veils ), which bear this name because their fruiting bodies have a veil-like velum, which is known as Cortina or in German as veil. The cortina consists of hair-like fibers that protect the young lamellae like a veil. In addition to the typical leaf mushrooms, there are species with secotioid fruiting bodies (in which the lamellae and stalk are greatly reduced) and gasteroid , truffle-like species.

features

The veil relatives are fleshy or membranous cap or belly mushrooms whose fruit bodies are often strikingly colored. Yellowish, reddish or brownish colors are particularly typical. The hat skin can be dry, silky-fibrous, radially fibrous, scaly or sticky to slimy. The brim of the hat can sometimes be striped. The cap mushrooms in the family have lamellas and a central or eccentric stem. The shape and properties of the stem are important for the identification and systematic classification of the species. It can be dry or greasy to slimy and sometimes have a bulbous base. In some cases, however, it can also be reduced. Often a ring or an annular zone is formed on the handle. These are the remains of the Cortina, which in many species can break up at an early stage of development. The slats are often the same color as the hat, but can also be colored differently. In old age they change color to a more or less rust-brown color due to the brownish spore dust. The lamellar edges are ciliated in some species due to the occurrence of cheilocystids . The hyphae can often be stained by iodine reagents, sounds can be present or absent. Cystides can also occur in different forms. The basidia are 2- or 4-spore. The generally more or less brownish colored basidiospores can be shaped differently (from almost spherical to elongated) and thin to thick-walled. They are smooth or ornamented , but cannot be stained with iodine. A germ pore is usually not present.

Systematics

The following selection of genera belongs to the veil relatives family:

meaning

There are very few edible mushrooms in this family . The best known are the barn owl ( Cortinarius praestans ) and the hoop mushroom ( C. caperatus , syn. Rozites caperata ). Of deadly poisonous mushrooms are the Orangefuchsiger Raukopf ( C. orellanus ) and lethal webcaps ( C. rubellus , syn. C. speciosissimus ) to name who the Orellanus syndrome cause.

swell

literature

  • Marcel Bon: Parey's book of mushrooms . 1st edition. Kosmos, Stuttgart 2005, ISBN 3-440-09970-9 (Original title: The mushrooms and toadstools of Britain and Northwestern Europe . Translated by Till R. Lohmeyer, over 1500 mushrooms in Europe).

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Richard P. Korf: Report (N, p. 1) of the Committee for Fungi and Lichens on proposals to conserve and / or reject names . In: Taxon . tape 37 , 1988, pp. 450–463 ( PDF; 941 kB ).
  2. ^ Paul F. Cannon, Paul M. Kirk: Fungal families of the world . CABI Europe, Wallingford, Oxfordshire (UK) 2007, ISBN 978-0-85199-827-5 , pp. 87 ( available online ).
  3. ^ Cortinariaceae Classified by National Center for Biotechnology Information. In: Encyclopedia of Life . Retrieved July 27, 2012 .

Web links

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