Spatial analysis

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The spatial analysis is a current method of analysis of a space (the earth surface is used).

The method is used particularly in geography lessons in schools , in university research, but also (in a simplified form) in day-care centers . By applying the method, young people in particular should broaden their understanding of the term space , i.e. also understand their spatial effect in comparison to the temporal extension of things and processes , i.e. H. their effect in meridional and longitudinal extension (sometimes also the extension in the height axis ).

approaches

A distinction can be made between different approaches:

  • Question-based spatial analysis or problem-oriented spatial analysis
  • "Four views" of a room, or synoptic spatial analysis
  • Regional spatial analysis (rather quantitative description of the area)
  • Visual spatial analysis

In all approaches, a certain area is first delimited and described, after which a different number and selection of certain geofactors of this area are considered and evaluated. Ultimately, a criteria-oriented investigation of a room results, which shows the interactions of the most diverse aspects that are relevant depending on the approach. The result can be presented as a lecture, for example, but more often as a written essay.

Spatial analysis based on a key question

A central question is the central theme for the spatial analysis. It should be formulated in a problematic manner. The key questions can be formulated from the room description. The editor's own interest in certain problems in the room can be brought in here.

Regional analysis

This variant is based on the geographical approach of regional geography , which was practiced particularly well into the 1960s. A spatial analysis of a geographical nature is more of a quantitative nature and describes the distribution of various objects in space, as well as the use of areas in them. Results according to this variant can reach great proportions.

"Four looks" approach

A room can also be viewed or analyzed from different perspectives . This is due to the different perception of spaces by people, which can differ greatly from their realistic structure. Especially in school lessons, the so-called "four-look method" is suggested in some textbooks. A spatial analysis based on "four looks" is i. d. Usually also of a didactic nature , since here in different information carriers z. Can appear T. contradictory statements, what the reason for sources of critical , scientific work can be taken. With the "four looks approach", a room to be examined is viewed from two objective perspectives and two subjective perspectives. These are:

lens

  • Absolute space , or real space or "space as a container" (as a container)
  • Structures of the interrelationships of things from space with the environment of space

subjective:

  • Perception of space by individual people
  • Presentation of space in the media

Examples

The episodes of the series With Open Maps broadcast on the Franco-German television station arte often show key question-oriented spatial analyzes of various areas of the world, for example:

  • Mozambique - Rise to Energy Power? (First broadcast on January 14, 2017)
  • The North Caucasus - Russia's Achilles Heel (first broadcast on January 28, 2017)

Room analyzes are often carried out in the four to six-hour Abitur exams in geography, for example in the central high school diploma .

See also

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ S. Bauriedl: Learning to read rooms: Methods for spatial analysis in discourse research. In: Historical Social Research / Historical Social Research. 2008, pp. 278-312.
  2. ^ A b c Karl W. Hoffmann: spatial analysis: "Four views of the Nürburgring". In: Terrace online. No. 2, Ernst Klett Verlag 2011, accessed on March 20, 2017.
  3. ↑ spatial analysis . In: Lexicon of Geography . Spektrum Akademischer Verlag, 2001 ( Spektrum.de [accessed on March 30, 2017]).
  4. ^ H. Knauf: Visual spatial analysis. In: Early Education. 6, 2017, pp. 33-40.
  5. ↑ a b c d Ullrich Löbmann: Diercke Geography 9/10. High School Lower Saxony G9. Bildungshaus Schulbuchverlage Westermann Schroedel Diesterweg Schöningh Winklers, Braunschweig 2016, ISBN 978-3-14-144680-7 .
  6. ↑ a b M. Eiblmaier, E. Braune (Red.): Seydlitz 9/10 Geography. Lower Saxony high school . Braunschweig: Bildungshaus Schulbuchverlage Westermann Schroedel Diesterweg Schöningh Winklers, 2016, ISBN 978-3-507-53060-7 .
  7. ↑ C. Neuhaus, B. Jäkel, C. Berndt: Terra 9/10 Gymnasium Niedersachsen. Ernst Klett Verlag, Stuttgart 2008, ISBN 978-3-623-27352-5 .
  8. ↑ a b spatial analysis. In: Gabler Wirtschaftslexikon. Retrieved March 30, 2017 .
  9. ↑ With open cards: "Mozambique - Rise to an Energy Power?". Maps and text for the TV show on the show's website. Retrieved March 30, 2017 .
  10. ↑ With open cards: "The North Caucasus - Russia's Achilles heel?". Maps and text for the TV show on the show's website. Retrieved March 30, 2017 .