Refah Partisi
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| Party leader | Necmettin Erbakan |
| founding | July 19, 1983 by Ali Türkmen |
| Prohibition | January 16, 1998 |
| Alignment | Millî Görüş , Islamism |
The Refah Partisi (German about " Welfare Party ", RP ) was one of the Milli Görüs movement associated Islamist Turkish party on 19 July 1983 as a successor party to the after the 1980 military coup banned National Salvation Party was established and banned 1998th The party formed the Turkish government together with the Doğru Yol Partisi in 1996/97. The Fazilet Partisi was founded as its successor .
The party was chaired successively by Ali Turkmen, Ahmet Tekdal and Necmettin Erbakan , who was also Prime Minister of Turkey in 1996/97. The current Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan was the party's deputy chairman from 1984.
Reign
Initially, it was successful at the municipal level in the provinces of Konya , Şanlıurfa , Van , Kahramanmaraş and Sivas . In the 1991 parliamentary elections , an electoral alliance made up of RP, MÇP and IDP achieved 16.88% of the vote or 62 seats, of which 38 were ultimately taken by RP MPs. In the 1994 local elections in Istanbul , the party was able to benefit from the previously uncovered ISKI corruption scandal and its deputy chairman Recep Tayyip Erdoğan was surprisingly elected mayor with 25% of the vote.
In the elections of December 24, 1995 , the Welfare Party won the elections with 21.4% of the vote, but neither with the Anavatan Partisi of Mesut Yılmaz nor with the Doğru Yol Partisi of Tansu Çiller was an agreement on the establishment of a coalition government . President Süleyman Demirel now commissioned Yılmaz to found the government. It was not until March 6, 1996 that a government could finally be established. The short-lived coalition between the Motherland Party and the Right Path Party (the Anayol government) emerged. After the dissolution of this coalition, Erbakan was again commissioned to form a government. On June 28, 1996, there was a coalition government with the Right Way Party (the Refahyol government, the 54th government of Turkey). In the period that followed, debates on secularism increased in the country , which led to the decisions of the National Security Council of February 28, 1997 . An investigation into a report by the Turkish secret service on "fundamentalist activities in the country" led to these decisions . After the decisions of February 28th (also referred to in Turkish literature as the “postmodern coup”), the Welfare Party was put under increasing pressure. As an attempt to maintain the government, an exchange of offices was agreed between Erbakan and Çiller: Çiller was to become Prime Minister, but found her government again with Erbakan. Erbakan submitted his resignation on June 18, 1997.
President Demirel thwarted the agreement between the two parties: instead of Çiller, he commissioned Yılmaz to found the government. The 55th government was formed on June 30, 1997 between the Motherland Party, the Democratic Left Party and the Democratic Turkey Party (recently formed by politicians who had left the Right Path Party in protest of the coalition with the Welfare Party) educated.
Closure of the party
Meanwhile, on May 21, 1997 , the Attorney General of the Supreme Court, Vural Savaş, initiated closure proceedings against the Welfare Party on the grounds that the Welfare Party had become the focus of anti-secular activity. The Constitutional Court ruled on January 16, 1998 to close the Welfare Party. On February 28, 1998, the party was finally closed.
The judgment led to proceedings before the European Court of Human Rights , which, however, did not find any human rights violations with regard to the closure judgment .
In December 1997 supporters of the RP around Erbakan's lawyer İsmail Alptekin had founded the Fazilet Partisi (Virtue Party) as a de facto successor in anticipation of the ban . This was again banned by the Constitutional Court in 2001.
literature
- Judith Hoffmann: Rise and Change of Political Islam in Turkey. Series Middle East Studies, Volume 5, Verlag Hans Schiler, Berlin 2003.
Individual evidence
- ^ Christian Moe: Refah Partisi (The Welfare Party) and Others v. Turkey Archived from the original on September 25, 2008. Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. In: International Center for Not-for-Profit Law (Ed.): International Journal of Not-for-Profit Law . 6, No. 1, September 2003. ISSN 1556-5157 . Retrieved August 28, 2008.
