Facilet Partisi
| Fazilet Partisi (FP) Virtue Party |
|
|---|---|
 |
|
| founding | 1997 by İsmail Alptekin |
| Prohibition | June 22, 2001 |
| Headquarters | Ankara |
| Alignment |
Conservatism , Sunni Islamism , Millî Görüş |
The Fazilet Partisi , FP for short (Eng .: virtue party ), was an Islamist party in Turkey that existed from 1997 to 2001 and is part of the Millî Görüş movement.
The party's emblem consists of a crescent moon, five lines and a heart. The lines that represent rays should stand for esteem, reputation, honor (Turkish: Şeref), justice and legal awareness, welfare and prosperity. The heart symbolizes love, tolerance, brotherhood and peace, as well as human rights and freedoms.
founding
The Virtue Party was founded by politicians from that party in December 1997 in anticipation of the Refah Partisi being banned . In January 1998, the Turkish Constitutional Court banned the Refah Partisi (RP) for “activities to overthrow the secular constitutional order,” the party was accused of sympathy with jihad and the debate about the introduction of Sharia law . After the party ban became legally valid, the RP's MPs joined the Virtue Party in February 1998. The public prosecutor's office opened an investigation into whether the FP, as the successor party to the RP, is also affected by the party ban. The FP founding chairman İsmail Alptekin stated that the Virtue Party is not the successor to another party. Former RP chairman Necmettin Erbakan said, despite his five-year political ban, that no one should believe that it could go on without him and that the party leader had to be someone he could accept.
history
The virtue party then presented itself in May 1998 with a mass event as a political force which, in a clear departure from the rhetoric of the welfare party, was fighting for “democracy, the rule of law and human rights” and aimed at the realization of a democracy with equal rights and freedoms as in western countries seriously mean. The new party chairman was Recai Kutan on May 14, 1998 , who was considered a confidante of Erbakan. The Virtue Party, like the Refah Party before, used the daily Millî Gazete and the Turkish television channel Kanal 7 to spread its ideas .
In the municipal and parliamentary elections on April 18, 1999, the FP won 15.5 percent of the vote and 102 seats, making it the largest opposition faction. At the swearing-in ceremony in the opening session of the Grand National Assembly , the FP MP Merve Kavakçı - covered with a headscarf - tried to participate, but failed because of the loud resistance of the other parliamentarians. When it subsequently became known that she had accepted US citizenship shortly before the election , her Turkish citizenship was revoked and her mandate revoked.
After two years of negotiations, the virtue party was banned by the Turkish Constitutional Court on June 22, 2001 for reasons similar to those of its predecessor, the Refah Partisi. The reason for the ban was the formation of a “hot spot ” ( odak ) of unconstitutional activity (Art. 69 of the Turkish Constitution ), in which the violations of leading functionaries and members of the Virtue Party against the principle of secularism and the related legal protection provisions were attributed to the party.
Successor to SP and AKP
The remaining 100 MPs from the former FP initially remained in Parliament as independent MPs. As a successor party, the Saadet Partisi (Party of Happiness) was founded four weeks after the party was banned . The reform-oriented wing of the party with Recep Tayyip Erdoğan and Abdullah Gül and Bülent Arınç split off; they founded the Adalet ve Kalkınma Partisi (AKP, Justice and Recovery Party). This officially acknowledged Kemalist principles and the pro-Western orientation of Turkey and distanced itself from demands for an Islamic order, but this has changed over the years and the AKP is again close to Islamic conservatism. She won the elections in 2002 and has ruled Turkey ever since.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Fazilet'in amblemi 've kalp hilal' Hurriyet , April 4, 1998
- ↑ Stephen Kinzer : Under Close Scrutiny, Turkey's Pro-Islam Party Has a Makeover . New York Times , February 26, 1998
- ↑ 4.1.2 IGMG ( Memento of the original from September 20, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF) Constitutional Protection Report of the State of North Rhine-Westphalia 1998
- ↑ a b c Turkey: Prohibition of the “virtue party” ( Memento of the original from June 22, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Ministry of the Interior and Sport Hamburg, as of September 5, 2001
- ^ Gareth Jenkins: Furore over a headscarf . ( Memento of the original from November 8, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Al-Ahram Weekly 13 May 19, 1999
- ↑ Laura Secor: Politician has head scarf on - but gloves off / Removed from office, she fights for Turkish conservatives' rights . Boston Globe, February 16, 2003
- ↑ Christian Rumpf: On the Prohibition of the Virtue Party (Fazilet Partisi) (PDF)
- ↑ Cemal Karakas: Democracy and Islam in Turkey. The 'Kemalist trinity' of republicanism, nationalism, secularism and the politics and work of the AKP. In: Democracy and Islam. Theoretical and empirical studies. Springer VS, Wiesbaden 2014, pp. 355–373, on p. 362 f.
