Regimen sanitatis

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Title page of an early modern print of the Regimen sanitatis Salernitanum , Venice 1480

As regimes sanitatis (German "health education" or "health rules," also order health ) or health regimes is a literary genre called especially the literature of the late Middle Ages and the early modern period, which is primarily concerned with the maintenance of health with the help of six non naturales , d. H. that deals with human controllable behavior and environmental conditions. The six diet- oriented res non naturales include (inhaled) air ( aer ), sleeping and waking ( somnus et vigilia ), rest and movement ( exercitium ), fullness and emptiness of the body ( repletio et evacuatio ), the state of mind ( accidentia animae ) and food ( cibus et potus ). The sex res naturales ( elements , temperaments , body fluids , main organs , their active forces and their tasks as well as the spiritus as function mediators ) should be influenced by shaping the "res non naturales" in the sense of their balance to maintain or restore health become.

Lore history

To the tradition traditions such, since the early Middle Ages in the west and in the Arab-Islamic world as manuals with rules of life out formed Regimina include the Secreta secretorum and earlier often the School of Salerno attributed and in 1275, resulting regimes sanitatis Salernitanum that in 1317 by Probst Arnold Order of health concluded by Bamberg , the 'original regimen' of Konrad von Eichstätt (around 1275-1342), created around 1315 , the anonymous rule of health created in the 14th century and also containing set pieces from the "original regimen" , adaptations by Heinrich Laufenberg , Maino De Maineri († 1368) and Ortolf von Baierland as well as the partially versified forms of the twelve month rules ( Regimen duodecim mensium ). A more recent term is that of the health catechism . Regimina experienced a heyday as a popular scientific literary genre at the end of the 14th century with the emergence of the richly illustrated Tacuina sanitatis . The medieval " house books " also go back to the Regimina.

Neither the author nor the place of origin is known of the aforementioned Regimen (sanitatis) Salernitanum , also called Flos medicinae (Salernitanae) , a conglomerate of medical memorabilia that grew from 364 ( commented on by Arnald von Villanova at the beginning of the 14th century ) to 3520 verses. It is now viewed as pseudo-Salernitan and no longer a product of the Salerno School in its heyday in the 12th century.

literature

Overview representations

  • Bernhard Dietrich Haage, Wolfgang Wegner: German specialist literature of the Artes in the Middle Ages and early modern times (=  Basics of German Studies 43). Schmidt, Berlin 2007, ISBN 3-503-09801-1 , pp. 217-222.
  • Gundolf Keil : Regimen sanitatis Salernitanum, Salernitan health poem, Flos medicinae. In: Author's Lexicon . 2nd Edition. Volume 7 (1989), Col. 1105-11111.
  • Gundolf Keil: Regimen sanitatis Salernitanum , Regimina. In: Werner E. Gerabek , Bernhard D. Haage, Gundolf Keil, Wolfgang Wegner (eds.): Enzyklopädie Medizingeschichte. De Gruyter, Berlin / New York 2005, ISBN 3-11-015714-4 , pp. 1224-1226.
  • Gundolf Keil: 'regimen sanitatis - râtes Leben'. Medieval health rules. In: Ria Jansen-Sieben, Frank Daelemans (ed.): Voeding en geneeskunde / Alimentation et médecine. Acten van het colloquium Brussel […] 1990. Brussels 1993 (=  Archief- en bibliotheekwezen in België. Extra number 41), pp. 95–124.
  • Wolfram Schmitt: Theory of health and 'Regimen sanitatis' in the Middle Ages. Medical habilitation thesis Heidelberg 1973; Revised book trade edition: Medical lifestyle. Health teaching and health regimes in the Middle Ages. Berlin / Münster 2013 (=  medical history. Volume 5).

Text editions and translations

  • Regimen sanitatis cum expositione magistri Arnaldi de Villanova Cathellano noviter impressus. Bernardinus Venetus de Vitalibus , Venice 1480.
  • Joh. De Mediolano, Arnaldus de Villanova : Schola Salernitana sive De conservanda valetudine praecepta metrica. Edited by Zacharia Sylvius, Augsburg (Jacob Lotter) 1753.
  • Johann Christian Gottlieb Ackermann (Ed.): Regimen sanitatis Salerni sive Scholae Salernitanae De conservanda bona valetudine praecepta. , Stendal 1790.
  • The medical didactic poem of the high school in Salerno (Regimen sanitatis Salerni). Translated from Latin into German by Paul Tesdorpf and Thérèse Tesdorpf-Sickenberger, with the addition of the Latin text after Johann Christian Gottlieb Ackermann. Berlin u. a. 1915.
  • Gustavo Barbensi (ed.): Regimen Sanitatis Salernitanum. Florence 1947.
  • Rolf Schott: The art of keeping yourself healthy: 'Regimen Sanitatis Salernitanum'. German copy. Rome 1954.

Investigations with text output

  • Christa Hagenmeyer: The Regimen sanitatis Konrad von Eichstätt. Sources - texts - history of impact. Franz Steiner, Stuttgart 1995 (=  Sudhoffs Archive , supplements, issue 35), ISBN 3-515-06510-5 . See: Konrad Goehl in Würzburger medical-historical reports. Volume 12, 1995, pp. 544-547.
  • Burghart Wachinger : Telling for Health: Dietetics and Literature in the Middle Ages. Winter, Heidelberg 2001, ISBN 3-8253-1243-7 (Writings of the Philosophical-Historical Class of the Heidelberg Academy of Sciences 23)
  • Günter Kallinich and Karin Figala : The "Regimen sanitatis" of Arnold von Bamberg. In: Sudhoffs Archiv 56, 1972, pp. 44-60.
  • Karin Häfner: Studies on the Middle Low German twelve-month rules. Diss. Med. (Würzburg 1975). Wellm, Pattensen / Han. [1976], ISBN 3-921456-02-9 (Würzburg medical historical research 3)
  • Gundolf Keil: The "Regimen duodecim mensium" of the "Düdeschen Arstedie" and the "Regimen sanitatis Coppernici" , yearbook of the Association for Low German Language Research 81 (1958), pp. 33-48.
  • Gundolf Keil: A Latin version of Master Alexander's monthly rules. Bavarian health rules from the end of the 14th century. In: East Bavarian border marks. Volume 4, 19160, pp. 123-138.
  • Wolfgang Rohe: On the communication structure of some Heidelberg Regimina sanitatis: Heinrich Münsinger, Erhard Knab, Conrad Schelling. In: Jan-Dirk Müller (Ed.): Knowledge for the farm. The late medieval writing process using the example of Heidelberg in the 15th century. Munich 1994 (=  Münstersche Mittelalter-Schriften , 67), pp. 323–354.
  • Manfred Peter Koch (Ed.): The 'Erfurt Carthusian Regimen'. Studies on the dietary literature of the Middle Ages. Medical dissertation Bonn 1969, new print Salzburg 1997 (=  Analecta Cartusiana. Volume 141).

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ See Haage / Wegner, p. 217
  2. ^ Gundolf Keil: Vegetarian. In: Medical historical messages. Journal for the history of science and specialist prose research. Volume 34, 2015 (2016), pp. 29–68, here p. 32 f.
  3. ↑ Wolfram Schmitt: Res non naturales. In: Lexicon of the Middle Ages . Volume 7 (1995), Col. 751 f.
  4. ↑ Melitta Weiss Adamson: Medieval dietetics. Food and drink in Regimen sanitatis literature from 800 to 1400. Frankfurt am Main 1995 (=  German studies in Canada. Volume 5).
  5. ↑ Ria Jansen-Sieben: Middle Dutch Cookbooks: Medical or Culinary? In: Würzburg medical history reports. Volume 16, 1997, pp. 191-202, here p. 191.
  6. ^ Gundolf Keil: Meurer (also Sprottau), Johann (Hans). In: Author's Lexicon . 2nd Edition. Volume 6, Col. 468 f., Here Col. 469 (on Meurer's Health Regiment Doctrina bona et utilis ).
  7. ^ Gundolf Keil: Regimina. 2005, p. 1225.
  8. ^ Gundolf Keil: Regimina. In: Werner E. Gerabek , Bernhard D. Haage, Gundolf Keil, Wolfgang Wegner (eds.): Enzyklopädie Medizingeschichte. De Gruyter, Berlin / New York 2005, ISBN 3-11-015714-4 , p. 1225 f.
  9. ^ Johann Christian Gottlieb Ackermann : Regimen sanitatis Salerni sive Scholae Salernitanae De conservanda bona valetudine praecepta. Stendal 1790
  10. ^ Gundolf Keil: 'Regimen sanitatis Salernitanum'. In: Werner E. Gerabek et al. (Ed.): Enzyklopädie Medizingeschichte. 2005, p. 1224 f.
  11. ↑ Rolf Schott (ed.): The art of eating healthily. Regimen sanitatis salernitanum. Rome 1954; 2nd edition Zurich / Stuttgart 1964 (=  Lebendige Antike. ).
  12. ^ Günter Kallinich , Karin Figala : The 'Regimen sanitatis' of Arnold von Bamberg. In: Sudhoff's archive. Volume 56, 1972, pp. 44-60.
  13. ↑ Christa Hagenmeyer: The 'order of health' for Rudolf von Hohenberg . Investigations into the dietary prose of the late Middle Ages with critical text edition. Philosophical dissertation Heidelberg, Stuttgart 1972 (1973).
  14. ^ Gundolf Keil: The German Isaak Judäus reception from the 13th to the 15th century. Shaker, Aachen 2015 (=  European Science Relations , Supplement 2), ISBN 978-3-8440-3933-7 , p. 82 f.
  15. ↑ Christa Hagenmeyer (1995), pp. 63-118.
  16. ^ Walter Buckl: On the 650th anniversary of the death of Konrad von Eichstätt. In: Würzburg medical history reports. Volume 11, 1993, pp. 227-234, here p. 230.
  17. ↑ German edition: Dis biechlin says how a yegklich person should stay through the whole jar, with eating, drinking, sleeping, waking and bathing. As described by Avicenna, Galienus, Almansor and others of course masters […]. Freiburg im Breisgau (printed by Johann Wörlin ) 1523. Ed. (With a booklet) by Julius Arndt, Stuttgart 1965.
  18. ↑ Gerhard Eis : The Groß-Schützener health theory. Studies on the history of German culture in the southeast. Brno / Munich / Vienna 1943 (=  Southeast European works. Volume 36).
  19. ^ Gundolf Keil: Konrad von Eichstätt. In: Werner E. Gerabek et al. (Ed.): Enzyklopädie Medizingeschichte. 2005, p. 773 f.
  20. ↑ For the names cf. also Hugo Faber: A diet ethic from Montpellier ('Sanitatis Conservator'), from the end of the 14th century and named "Tractatus medicus de Comestione et Digestione vel Regimen Sanitatis". Medical dissertation Leipzig 1921.
  21. ↑ Manfred Peter Koch, Gundolf Keil: Konrad von Eichstätt. In: Author's Lexicon . 2nd Edition. Vol. 5, Col. 162-169.
  22. ↑ Gundolf Keil: 'Rule of Health'. In: Werner E. Gerabek et al. (Ed.): Enzyklopädie Medizingeschichte. 2005, p. 1223.
  23. ↑ Karl Baas: Heinrich Louffenberg of Freiburg and his health Regiment (1429). In: Journal for the history of the Upper Rhine. New series, 21, 1906, p. 363 ff.
  24. ↑ Magninus Mediolanensis: Regimen sanitatis. Strasbourg (Johann Prüss the Elder) 1503.
  25. ↑ Christina Becela-Deller: Ruta graveolens L. A medicinal plant in terms of art and cultural history. (Mathematical and natural science dissertation Würzburg 1994) Königshausen & Neumann, Würzburg 1998 (=  Würzburg medical-historical research , volume 65), ISBN 3-8260-1667-X , p. 220.
  26. ^ Karl Sudhoff : Regimen sanitatis Salernitanum. In: Sudhoff's archive. Volume 7, 1914, pp. 360-362; Volume 8, 1915, p. 292 f. and 352-373; Volume 9, 1916, pp. 221-249; Volume 10, 1917, pp. 91-101; Volume 12, 1920, pp. 149-180.
  27. ^ Salvatore de Renzi , C. Daremberg, GET Henschel : Collectio Salernitana, ossia documenti inediti, e trattati di medicina appartenenti alla scuola medica salernitana. , IV, Tipografia del Filiatre-Sebezio, Naples 1852-1859; Reprint Bologna 1967 (=  Bibliotheca di storia della medicina , II, 1–5).
  28. ↑ Christina Becela-Deller: Ruta graveolens L. A medicinal plant in terms of art and cultural history. (Mathematical and natural science dissertation Würzburg 1994) Königshausen & Neumann, Würzburg 1998, p. 130 f. ( The text complex of the so-called 'Regimen sanitatis salernitanum' ).