Remo Ruffini
Remo Jacopo Ruffini (born May 17, 1942 in La Brigue ) is an Italian theoretical astrophysicist.
Ruffini received his doctorate in 1966 at the University of Rome and was a post-doctoral student in 1967 with Pascual Jordan in Hamburg and at the Palmer Physics Laboratory of Princeton University (with John Archibald Wheeler ) and at the Institute for Advanced Study (IAS) (1968 to 1970). In 1970 he became an instructor and in 1971 an assistant professor at Princeton University. 1974 to 1976 he was again a member of the IAS and 1975 visiting professor at the University of Western Australia and the University of Kyoto . In 1976 he became professor at the University of Catania and from 1978 he was professor at the University of La Sapienza in Rome.
In 1985 he became President of the International Center for Relativistic Astrophysics (ICRA). In 1984 he founded the Marcel Grossmann Meetings with Abdus Salam . 1986 to 1988 he was a member of a NASA task force for the scientific use of space stations and then from 1986 to 1990 a member of an international committee that emerged from it. From 1989 to 1993 he was President of the Scientific Committee of the Italian Space Agency.
Ruffini popularized the concept of black holes with John Archibald Wheeler in the early 1970s (particularly in a Physics Today article in 1971). In 1974, together with his student C. Rhoades, he derived an upper mass limit for neutron stars, which led, for example, to the identification of the massive compact object in the center of the Milky Way with a black hole after observations of the X-ray satellite Uhuru by Riccardo Giacconi and others provided its mass.
At the beginning of the 1970s he worked with Demetrios Christodoulou with Kerr-Newman solutions (which describe charged and rotating black holes) and in 1975 he investigated with Thibault Damour quantum electrodynamic processes in the vicinity of black holes that lead to particle pair generation. Ruffini later interpreted gamma ray bursts as a sign of such pair creation processes in the formation of charged black holes.
He also dealt with fractal structures in cosmology.
1974 to 1976 he was a Sloan Research Fellow and 1975 a fellow of the American Physical Society . In 1972 he received the Cressy Morrison Award from the New York Academy of Sciences.
He is married to Anna Imponente and has one son.
Fonts
Books, book chapters:
- On the energetics of black holes, in: Bryce and Cecile M. de Witt (Eds.), "Black holes", Les Houches Lectures 1972, Gordon and Breach, New York, 1973,
- with M. Rees , JA Wheeler (eds.): "Black Holes, Gravitational Waves and Cosmology", Gordon and Breach NY 1974
- with Herbert Gursky (Ed.): "Neutron Stars, Black Holes and Binary X-ray Sources", D. Reidel, Dordrecht, 1975,
- In it by Ruffini: Introduction with Gursky and Physics of gravitationally collapsed objects , as well as a reprint of his essays with Wheeler in 1971 and with Rhoades in 1974
- with R. Giacconi (Ed.): "Physics and Astrophysics of Neutron Stars Black Holes", Enrico Fermi School, Varenna 1975, North Holland Pub. Co. Amsterdam 1978, reprinted by Cambridge Scientific Publishers 2009
- with Francesco Melchiorri (ed.): "Gamow Cosmology", E. Fermi School, Varenna 1982, North Holland Pub. Co., Amsterdam, 1986,
- with Hans C. Ohanian: "Gravitation and Spacetime" WW Norton and Co., New York 1976, Cambridge University Press 2013
- with Li Zhi Fang: Basic concepts of relativistic astrophysics, World Scientific 1983
Some essays:
- with John Archibald Wheeler: Introducing the black hole , Physics Today, January 1971
- with R. Leach: On the Masses of X-Ray Sources , Astrophysical Journal Letters, Volume 180, 1973, L15
- with C. Rhoades: Maximum Mass of a Neutron Star , Physical Review Letters, Volume 32, 1974, p. 324
- with Demetrios Christodoulou: Reversible Transformations of a Charged Black Hole , Physical Review D, Volume 4, 1971, pp. 3552-3555
- with S. Bonazzola: Systems of Self-Gravitating Particles in General Relativity and the Concept of an Equation of State , Physical Review, Volume 187, 1969, pp .: 1767–1783.
- with T. Damour: Quantum Electrodynamical Effects in Kerr-Newmann Geometries , Physical Review Letters, Volume 35, 1975, p. 463.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Gamma-Ray Bursts May Be Due To Electromagnetic Black Holes , Chandra website July 2001
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Ruffini, Remo |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Ruffini, Remo Jacopo |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Italian physicist |
| DATE OF BIRTH | May 17, 1942 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | La Brigue |