Noble plum

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Noble plum
Renekloden

Renekloden

Systematics
Family : Rose family (Rosaceae)
Subfamily : Spiraeoideae
Tribe : Stone fruit family (Amygdaleae)
Genre : Prunus
Type : Plum ( Prunus domestica )
Subspecies : Noble plum
Scientific name
Prunus domestica subsp. italica
( Borkh. ) Gams in Hegi

The noble plum ( Prunus domestica subsp. Italica ) is a subspecies of the plum ( Prunus domestica ) with spherical fruits. It includes the two groups of varieties of the blue or dark red real noble plums and those of the mostly green-yellow reindeer clods . The clan is used as a fruit tree in Central and Southern Europe and Asia.

features

The noble plum is a bulky, thornless tree . The branches bald in the first or second year. The five petals are 0.8 to 1.0 centimeters long, almost rounded and pure white. The stone fruit has a diameter of 3 to 5 centimeters, is spherical and green-yellow, yellow, blue or red in color. The pulp is usually juicy. The stone core is almost spherical, its side flanks are highly arched and it usually sticks to the pulp. Its thickness corresponds to 72 to 97% of its length.

Systematics

Two groups of varieties are distinguished for Central Europe:

  • Prunus domestica var. Subrotunda (Bechst.) Werneck - Real noble plum, noble round plum : The fruits are spherical and dark red to blue-black, but can also be wine-red. The flesh is moderately sweet. This subheading includes varieties such as' Blue Berlin Apricot Plum ',' Bunter Perdrigon ',' Early King Plum ',' Gr. Blue Early ',' Peach Plum '(' Herrenpflaume '),' Kirkes', 'Ontariopflaume', 'Prokurator' and 'Weinpflaume'.
  • Prunus domestica var. Claudiana (Poiret) Chamois - Reineclaude, Reneclode, Reneklode, Ringlotte, Ringlootte (called Ringlo in southern Germany ): The fruit is spherical and usually yellow-green. The pulp is pretty sweet. Reneclode includes the varieties ' Graf Althanns Reneklode ', an old and noble garden variety, the large-fruited 'Bavays Reneclode', 'Boddarts Reneclode', ' Große Grüne Reneklode ', an old and popular single variety, 'Meroldts Reneclode', ' Oullins ' Reneklode 'and' Uhinks Reneklode '.
    The name is probably a combination of the French term Reine ( Queen ) and Claude de France . The name prunes ... de la Reine Claude or ... de la Reyne Claude is documented as early as the 17th century, but some authors also attribute the name to the fruit researcher René Claude at the beginning of the 18th century.

From Werneck, the real noble plums and the renecloden (summarized as cultivated round plums) are juxtaposed with the two Austrian regional varieties Weinkriech (var. Vinaria (Bechst.) Werneck) and Punzen (var. Rotunda Werneck) (original round plums). The two varieties are small-fruited and are considered primitive. Weinkriech has blue or purple fruits with a diameter of 1.7 to 2.5 centimeters and a pockmarked stone core. With hallmarks, the fruits are green, red or blue, measure 2 to 3 centimeters in diameter and have a smooth stone core.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e Hildemar Scholz, Ilse Scholz: Prunus . In: Hans. J. Conert et al. (Ed.): Gustav Hegi. Illustrated flora of Central Europe. Volume 4 Part 2B: Spermatophyta: Angiospermae: Dicotyledones 2 (3). Rosaceae 2 . Blackwell 1995, ISBN 3-8263-2533-8 .
  2. ^ Atlas on everyday German language , University of Augsburg
  3. ^ Heinrich Marzell / Heinz Paul, Dictionary of German Plant Names  III, Stuttgart / Wiesbaden 1977 (Cologne 2000, reprint), p. 1123.
  4. ^ Gentil Francois, Le jardinier solitaire, ou dialogues curieux et un jardinier solitaire, avec des réflexions sur la culture des arbres. Paris 1612 - Preview in Google Book Search
  5. ↑ Erhard Gorys: The new kitchen dictionary. 11th edition. dtv, Munich 2007, ISBN 978-3-423-36245-0 .

Web links

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