Republic of Heinzenland
The Republic of Heinzenland was decided on December 5, 1918 in Mattersburg on the initiative of the Social Democrat Hans Suchard and proclaimed the following day in Ödenburg . This proclamation was an occurrence in the course of the disputes after the end of the First World War as to whether Burgenland should in future belong to German Austria or Hungary . The name refers to the name Heanzenland for the German-speaking part of western Hungary, which later became Burgenland. Due to the length of the existence of the Republic of Heinzenland, it also went down in history as the “two-day republic”.
prehistory
After the end of the First World War and the end of the Austro-Hungarian dual monarchy , the Provisional National Assembly for German Austria demanded on November 22, 1918 for “the closed German settlement areas of the counties Pressburg , Wieselburg , Ödenburg and Eisenburg ” that “these German settlements have the same right of self-determination will be awarded [...] which is granted to all other peoples of Hungary. "
The region with a German-speaking majority in western Hungary, to which today's Burgenland largely corresponds, was claimed by both the Austrians and the Hungarians. From local to international level, there were supporters of both Hungary and Austria.
Proclamation and end of the Republic of Heinzenland
Apparently without sufficient knowledge of the processes and true power relations in this area, the social democrat Hans Suchard proclaimed the "Republic of Heinzenland" with the help of the regional workers in Mattersburg. But just one day later, the Hungarian military and the Ödenburg militia put an end to this republic. Suchard was arrested and sentenced to death. However, the sentence was never carried out.
literature
- August Ernst: History of Burgenland , R. Oldenbourg Verlag, Munich 1991, ISBN 3-702-80311-4 .
- Gerald Schlag: Born out of rubble - Burgenland 1918–1921 (= Scientific papers from Burgenland , Volume 106). Burgenland State Museum, Eisenstadt 2001, ISBN 3-85405-144-1 , p. 136 ff. ( PDF on ZOBODAT ).
Individual evidence
- ↑ Hans Suchard: A republic that was 12 hours old. In: Arbeiter-Zeitung , November 21, 1929, p. 6 (online at ANNO ).