Rhamnus lycioides
Rhamnus lycioides | ||||||||||||
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![]() Rhamnus lycioides subsp. graeca |
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Scientific name | ||||||||||||
Rhamnus lycioides | ||||||||||||
L. |
Rhamnus lycioides is a plant from the genus buckthorn ( Rhamnus ) within the family of Buckthorn family (Rhamnaceae). The distribution area extends over the Mediterranean area .
description
Vegetative characteristics
Rhamnus lycioides is a deciduous or evergreen, very rich in shape, thorn-reinforced shrub that reaches heights of about 1 meter. The bark of older branches is gray.
The leaves are opposite, tufted on short shoots . The simple, entire, glabrous, light green leaf blade is 0.5 to 3.5 centimeters long and 0.3 to 1 centimeter wide, linear to obovate with a blunt to prickly tip.
Generative characteristics
The yellowish flowers are inconspicuous, stand in groups and appear in winter. The flowers are four-fold. The calyx ends in four pointed calyx tips.
The fruits are egg-shaped with a length of 4 to 6 millimeters, yellowish at the beginning and turn black when ripe.
Site conditions
Rhamnus lycioides grows on rocky and nutrient-poor soils .
Systematics and distribution
The species Rhamnus lycioides belongs to the subgenus Rhamnus in the genus Rhamnus .
Rhamnus lycioides is common in the Mediterranean area. Rhamnus lycioides occurs particularly in Spain and the Balearic Islands . However, it is absent in Corsica , the Apennine Peninsula and in the area of the former Yugoslavia .
Depending on the author, there are several subspecies of Rhamnus lycioides :
- Rhamnus lycioides subsp. atlantica (Murb.) Jahand. & Maire : It occurs in Morocco and Algeria .
- Rhamnus lycioides subsp. borgiae Rivas Mart. & JMPizarro : It occurs in Morocco, Tunisia and Spain.
- Rhamnus lycioides subsp. graeca (Boiss. & Reut.) Tutin (Syn .: Rhamnus graeca Boiss. & Reut. , Rhamnus palaestina Boiss. ): It occurs in Greece , in Crete , on islands in the Aegean Sea, in Turkey , in Cyprus , Syria , in Lebanon , Israel and Jordan and the Sinai Peninsula .
- Rhamnus lycioides subsp. laderoi Rivas Mart. & JMPizarro : It occurs in Portugal and Spain.
- Rhamnus lycioides L. subsp. lycioides : It is native to Spain, Mallorca and Ibiza .
- Rhamnus lycioides subsp. oleoides (L.) Jahand. & Maire (Syn .: Rhamnus oleoides L. ): It occurs in the Mediterranean area from Morocco and Portugal to Cyprus and Turkey.
- Rhamnus lycioides subsp. velutina (Boiss.) Nyman (Syn .: Rhamnus velutina Boiss. ): It occurs in Morocco, Tunisia and Spain.
proof
- ↑ a b c d Frédéric Tournay: Rhamnus lycioides. Biology at the University of Ulm, accessed on April 18, 2010 (English).
- ↑ a b c Ingrid Schönfelder, Peter Schönfelder: Die Kosmos-Mediterranflora. Over 500 Mediterranean plants in color photos (= Kosmos nature guide ). 3. Edition. Franckh-Kosmos, Stuttgart 1999, ISBN 3-440-07803-5 , pp. 144 .
- ↑ a b c Peter Schütt , Hans Joachim Schuck, Bernd Stimm (ed.): Lexicon of tree and shrub species. The standard work of forest botany. Morphology, pathology, ecology and systematics of important tree and shrub species . Nikol, Hamburg 2002, ISBN 3-933203-53-8 , pp. 238 (reprinted 1992).
- ↑ a b c d e f g T. Henning, E. von Raab-Straube (2016): Rhamnaceae. : Datasheet Rhamnus lycioides , In: Euro + Med Plantbase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity.
- ↑ Rhamnus lycioides subsp. oleoides in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved April 18, 2010.
Web links
- Entry with Flora Vascular .
- Rhamnus lycioides. In: Flora de Iberia. March 3, 2011, Retrieved September 17, 2011 (Spanish).
- Data sheet with detailed photos and distribution in Portugal at Flora-on .