Crack snails
| Crack snails | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Housing of Rissoina crassa |
||||||||||||
| Systematics | ||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||
| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Rissoidae | ||||||||||||
| Gray , 1847 |
The crack snails or small snails ( Rissoidae , named after the natural scientist Joseph Antoine Risso ) are a species-rich family of tiny to small snails from the Caenogastropoda group , which can be found in all large oceans worldwide .
features
The exclusively marine crack snails have conical to broadly egg-shaped or narrowly elongated, smooth to variably sculpted, unabelled shells that can be around 1 mm to 1.1 cm in size depending on the species. The circumferences of the thread are slightly arched and have fine to coarser grooves or ribs. The case mouth is circular to egg-shaped. The thick, horny operculum of the snail is egg-shaped to approximately circular and provided with a pin-like protrusion on the inside.
Way of life
The crack snails live in sand , fine gravel , under rocks or algae , in crevices or protected areas of the coastal fringe on aquatic plants . Many species secrete mucus with a gland on the foot , which they use to anchor themselves to the substrate . The crack snails mostly eat diatoms , other unicellular algae or pieces of larger algae. Little is known about the life cycle of these very small snails.
Genera
The following genera belong to the Rissoidae family:
- Alvania Risso, 1826
- Amphirissoa Dautzenberg & Fischer, 1897
- Benthonella Dall, 1889
- Benthonellania Lozouet, 1990
- Boreocingula Golikov & Kussakin, 1974
- Botryphallus Ponder, 1990
- Cingula J. Fleming, 1818
- Crisilla Monterosato, 1917
- Frigidoalvania Warén, 1974
- Galeodinopsis Sacco, 1895
- Gofasia Bouchet & Warén, 1993
- Haurakia Iredale, 1915
- Lucidestea Laseron, 1956
- Madeiranzonia Moolenbeek & Faber, 2007
- Manzonia Brusina, 1870
- Obtusella Cossmann, 1921
- Omanimerelina Moolenbeek & Bosch, 2007
- Onoba H. Adams & A. Adams, 1852
- Parashiela Laseron, 1956
- Peringiella Monterosato, 1878
- Plagyostila de Folin, 1872
- Pontiturboella Sitnikova, Starobogatov & Anistratenko, 1992
- Porosalvania Gofas, 2007
- Powellisetia Ponder, 1965
- Pseudosetia Monterosato, 1884
- Jeffreys Punctulum , 1884
- Pusillina Monterosato, 1884
- Pyrgosformisia Barros, S. Lima & D. Tenório, 2018
- Quarkia Faber, 2009
- Rissoa Desmarest, 1814
- Setia H. Adams & A. Adams, 1852
- Simulamerelina Ponder, 1985
- Striatestea Powell, 1927
- Subestea Cotton, 1944
- Subonoba Iredale, 1915
- Vitricithna Laseron, 1956
- Voorwindia Ponder, 1985
literature
- Frank Riedel: Origin and evolution of the "higher" Caenogastropoda . Berliner Geoscientific Abhandlungen, Series E, Volume 32, Berlin 2000, p. 43, ISBN 3-89582-077-6 .
- John Wesley Tunnell: Encyclopedia of Texas Seashells: Identification, Ecology, Distribution, and History. Texas A&M University Press, College Station (Texas) 2010, p. 148.
- Peter J. Hayward, John S. Ryland: Handbook of the Marine Fauna of North-West Europe. Oxford University Press, Oxford 2017. 16. Rissoidae .
- Bernhard Klausnitzer: Stresemann - excursion fauna of Germany. Volume 1: Invertebrates (excluding insects). Springer-Verlag, Berlin 2019, p. 175.
- Werner DeHass and Fredy Knorr: What lives in the sea on Europe's coasts? Albert Müller Verlag AG, Rüschlikon-Zurich 1990, p. 149, ISBN 3-275-00977-X .
