Common red-footed bolete
| Common red-footed bolete | ||||||||||||
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Common red-footed boletus ( Xerocomellus chrysenteron ) |
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| Xerocomellus chrysenteron | ||||||||||||
| ( Bull. ) Šutara |
The Common or True Rotfußröhrling ( Xerocomellus chrysenteron , Syn. : Boletus chrysenteron and Xerocomus chrysenteron ) sometimes, Rotfüßchen called, is a fungal art from the family of Dickröhrlingsverwandten . Until a few years ago it was listed in the genus Filzröhrlinge ( Xerocomus ), which however was reduced to the family of the goat lip due to molecular biological knowledge .
features
Macroscopic features
It can appear in numerous variations. The hat is matt and felty, and its surface is often fissured and cracked. It reaches a diameter of 3–8 cm. The color ranges from yellow-brown to olive-brown, but can also take on gray, yellow-blue or reddish tones. The surface usually turns reddish at the cracks and seizures. The tubes are yellowish and olive-yellow with age. They are bulged to slightly sloping down the stem and turn dirty green to blue when pressed. The stem is slender and covered with red flakes on a yellowish background, especially in the lower section. Sometimes it has no red parts. The meat is red in the stem, especially in the stem bark. Towards the top it becomes paler and in the hat it is yellowish-white. The flesh hardly turns blue when cut, sometimes faintly above the tubes and in the tip of the handle. It softens quickly with age. The smell is insignificant; the taste sour. The spore powder is olive brown.
Microscopic features
The elliptical spindle-shaped spores reach a size of 10–13 (–15) × 5–6 micrometers.
Occurrence
The common red-footed boletus can be found in deciduous and coniferous forests and has no special soil requirements. It is a common mushroom that can be found from July to November.
meaning
The common red-footed boletus is edible and is particularly popular with beginners due to its popularity and frequency. For the mushroom picker mostly only younger specimens are of interest, as older ones are often weak and also attacked by mold . But even young specimens are often attacked by the widespread, poisonous gold mold ( Hypomyces chrysospermus , anamorphic : Sepedonium chrysospermum ). This is initially shown by a spotty, whitish discoloration of the otherwise yellow tube mouths, often appearing in ring-shaped zones. The gold mold then also attacks other parts of the fruiting body, recognizable by the whitish discoloration of the affected areas. In the final stage, the fungus is covered with a golden yellow mold. The infested red-footed boletus quickly become mushy and are unsuitable for consumption for this reason alone. Young, healthy specimens are characterized by a slightly sour, intense mushroom taste.
Species delimitation
The common red-footed boletus can be confused by inexperienced collectors with the indigestible red- footed bolete ( Caloboletus calopus ). But it is much larger and stronger, has a yellow stem net and tastes bitter.
In addition, the common red-footed boletus has a number of similar relatives, but they are also edible:
The frosted red-footed boletus ( Xerocomellus pruinatus ) is very similar . It differs in the cut by the lack of red tones in the yellow stalk meat. He also lacks the green shimmer in the tubes. The goat lip ( Xerocomus subtomentosus ) has a less red stem and yellowish flesh that is pinkish-brown in the stem. The strong blue red-footed boletus ( Xerocomellus cisalpinus ) is blue when cut and when touched and also has no red stalk meat. The false red-footed bolete ( Xerocomellus porosporus ) has no red tones anywhere. The oak felt boletus ( Hortiboletus engelii ) has no red stalk meat, but red dots in the meat of the stem base.
swell
literature
- Ewald Gerhardt: FSVO manual mushrooms . 4th edition. BLV, Munich 2006, ISBN 978-3-8354-0053-5 , p. 356 (one-volume new edition of the BLV intensive guide mushrooms 1 and 2).
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Harald Andres Schmid: Key to the genera Xerocomellus and Xerocomus including some confusable species from other genera. June 2014, accessed April 19, 2020 .
- ↑ Hypomyces chrysospermus. Retrieved April 19, 2020 .
Web links
