Rottstiel

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Rottstiel is a residential area in the city of Neuruppin in the Ostprignitz-Ruppin district (Brandenburg). The medieval village was destroyed in 1360/70 and apparently not rebuilt. In 1525 Rottstiel is attested as a desert field mark. In 1602 there was a mill again at or near the old village, from which today's living space developed.

Rottstiel forestry department
The residential areas Tornow and Rottstiel on the Urmes table sheet 1: 25,000 2942 Gühlen-Glienicke from 1825.

geography

The Rottstiel residential area is a good ten kilometers as the crow flies north of the core town of Neuruppin and around 10.5 km southwest of Rheinsberg at the outflow of the Kunster (also called Rottstielfließ) from the Tornowsee, almost directly on the lake shore. It consists of the former forest farm Rottstiel and the campsite at Rottstielfließ and is completely surrounded by forest. It belongs to the town markings of Neuruppin and lies at 41  m above sea level. NHN .

history

Rottstiel is first mentioned in a document in 1353. The name is difficult to interpret. Possibly it is of German origin, von Stiehl, the term describes a climbing device for fences, or a large, heavy stone in the water that is used as a stepping stone when crossing the stream.

On October 27, 1353, Henning Behr received the Lietze together with the highest marshal office of the state of Stargard from Duke Albrecht II of Mecklenburg as a fief. Of the villages in the Lietze, only Netzeband, Rossow and Schönberg remained as Mecklenburg exclaves on the border between the Ruppin and Prignitz rulers.

In 1358 knight Henning Behr (Bere) complained to his feudal lord Duke Albrecht II of Mecklenburg that the Counts of Lindow and their followers, von Rohr, gave him his villages of art (today Kunsterspring , part of the municipality of Gühlen-Glienicke , city of Neuruppin), Drosedow ( Drusedow ) (municipality of Wustrow , district of Mecklenburgische Seenplatte), Darritz ( Dargitz ) (residential area of ​​the municipality of Märkisch Linden) and Rottstiel wuste have maket . His villages Netzeband , Katerbow and Rägelin were also damaged. The reason for the feud and the destruction is not apparent, especially since the four (completely) devastated villages were each more or less far apart. Rottstiel was probably not rebuilt in the further episode of history, Rottstiel is attested as a desert field mark in 1525 . The place of art was not rebuilt either. The Kunsterspring settlement was built on the desert Feldmark Kunst (1525) from 1697.

The deserted Feldmark Rottstiel had already come into the possession of the von Gadow family before 1524. The elector was entitled to hunt. Like many other wild field marks , the field mark Rottstiel was not completely wild , only the village. In 1525, for example, a farmer from Molchow used a meadow on the desert Rottstiel field. In 1590 people from Zermützel cultivated meadows on the desert Rottstiel field. Ten yarn trains were allowed to be caught on the Tornowsee per year .

By 1602 a water mill had been built at the outflow of art from the Tornowsee near the old village. The mill was probably destroyed in the Thirty Years War. In 1651 the Feldmark was forested. The von Gadow now sold half of the desert field, the western half, to the city of Neuruppin. It was assigned to the combing forest as Gadow or desert field mark Gadow. The other half fell at the same time or soon afterwards to the Alt Ruppin office . By 1706 the mill was rebuilt on half of the Alt Ruppin office. This included a house and two stables.

In 1712/13 the cutting mill ark on the Rottstiel was renewed. The cutting mill in Zippelsförde was also rebuilt during these years. In 1749 the mill in Rottstiel was owned by mill master Vielitz. In 1759 the cutting and barley mill Rottstiel owned 29 acres of 176 square rods of Heuerland (leased land). The small settlement consisted of a house, a barn with a stable and an outbuilding. In 1767 Johann Ernst Fabri Rottstiel described as follows: (a) royal mill with two hearths (residential buildings). The small settlement had 18 inhabitants in 1767 and 13 in 1787.

In 1769 repairs had to be made to the locks and arks of the Rottstieler Mühle. The cutting mills at Rottstiel and Zippelsförde were leased in the same year.

Lease of the cutting mills at Rottstiel and Zippelsförde, repairs to the locks and arks. 1791 1794 some municipalities (of the Alt Ruppin office) and the mill master Vielitz zu Rottstiel complained about the rafting of wood on the Rhin by the main, timber and firewood administration. The owner of the mill owned land on which 9 bushels of rye, 4 bushels of oats, 9 bushels of potatoes and 3 bushels of buckwheat were sown. He had meadows around three horses and 10 head of cattle could be fed. There were two fire pits with a granny. In 1798 the small settlement had 12 inhabitants.

In 1804, the Rottstielsche cutting mill was given a long lease. However, a lawsuit soon ensued between the lease miller Ramm in Rottstiel and the tax authorities. Friedrich Wilhelm Bratring describes Rottstiel as a water grinding and cutting mill on Rheinsberger Strasse with two fireplaces and a granny annexe.

In 1811, mill master Ramm seems to have made a structural change to the Rottstiel mill. In 1815 a water measure was set at the mill in Rottstiel. The dam below the mill was removed and the mill flow was cleared as far as the Zermützelsee. In 1819 mill master Ramm in Rottstiel registered a claim to fishing rights on the Tornowsee. In the same year the fishing rights were sold.

In 1829, however, the tax authorities litigated the lease miller Ramm in Rottstiel, because he had extended fishing rights through the contractual agreements. In 1831 an investigation was initiated against the mill master Ramm zu Rottstiel because he had dammed the Tornowsee inappropriately . Apparently the lease contract with the mill master Ramm was no longer extended. With a contract dated December 7, 1835, Gustav Schulz, the new owner of the leasehold cutting mill in Rottstiel, sold the former hiring land near the mill to property.

However, the previous owner, Mühlenmeister Ramm, continued to claim fishing rights on the Tornowsee. The new miller had to buy the fishing rights on the Tornowsee from the previous owner.

In 1846, hereditary lease miller Schulze sold his long-term lease to the tax authorities for 8,400 thalers and the mill was shut down. The building was then used as a forestry for the Rottstiel protection area. In 1869 the Rottstiel district forester was rebuilt. The building is protected as a monument no.09171034. With the establishment of the forestry or a little later, the Rottstiel forester's house with its protection area became a separate estate district . In 1871, Rottstiel was not yet a separate estate district.

With the formation of the administrative districts in the province of Brandenburg in 1874, the forester's house Rottstiel was assigned to the administrative district 33 Alt Ruppin. Chief forester was chief forester Brösicke from Forst Altruppin, his deputy forester Göde from Forsthaus Pfefferteich. As early as 1900, hikers could stop at the Rottstiel forester's lodge.

Population development in Rottstiel from 1767 to 1895
year 1767 1787 1798 1801 1817 1840 1858 1871 1895
Residents 21st 13 11 11 12 7th 4th 7th -

According to the information in the historical local dictionary, the Rottstiel estate district was merged with the municipality of Krangen in 1929. This cannot be correct, because the former field mark of Rottstiel (and Rottstiel itself) lies on the urban boundary of Neuruppin and not on the district of Krangen. Rottstiel is now a residential area in the city of Neuruppin.

In the 1970s, there was a children's holiday camp run by the Potsdam People's Police on the grounds of what is now the campsite. Today's living space consists of a campsite with a swimming area at Tornowsee and the Rottstiel forester's house with a holiday home.

literature

  • Lieselott Enders : Historical local dictionary for Brandenburg, part II, Ruppin . 327 p., Weimar 1972 (hereinafter abbreviated as Enders, Historisches Ortslexikon Ruppin with corresponding page number)

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Elżbieta Foster: Brandenburg Name Book Part II The place names of the state of Ruppin. 258 p., Verlag Hermann Böhlaus successor Weimar 1998 (p. 102)
  2. ^ Association for Meklenburg History and Archeology : Me (c) klenburgisches Urkundenbuch, Volume 14 (1356-1360). 677 p., In commission of the Stiller'schen Hofbuchhandlung, Schwerin, 1886, document no. 8456, pp. 283-286.
  3. ^ Brandenburgisches Landeshauptarchiv: Online research: Archenbau zu Rottstiel, construction of the fulling mill at Zippelsförde and the lime kiln at Braunsberg. 1713
  4. ^ Brandenburgisches Landeshauptarchiv: Online research: New construction of the cutting mill in Zippelsförde and the cutting mill ark on the Rottstiel. 1712
  5. Brandenburgisches Landeshauptarchiv: Online research: Complaint of the mill master Joachim Christian Rosenberg against the mill master Vielietz in Rottstiel in matters of the tar furnace in the Steinberge of the office. 1749
  6. ^ A b Johann Ernst Fabri: Improvements and supplements in respect of the Graffschaft Ruppin. On the Büsching topography of the Mark Brandenburg. Magazine for Geography, State Studies and History, 3: 271–311, Nuremberg, Raspesche Buchhandlung, 1797 Online at Google Books , p. 311
  7. a b Brandenburg State Main Archive: Online research: leasing of the cutting mills to Rottstiel and Zippelsförde, repairs to the locks and arks. 1769
  8. ^ Brandenburgisches Landeshauptarchiv: Online research: leasing of the cutting mills to Rottstiel and Zippelsförde, repairs to the locks and arks. 1791
  9. Brandenburgisches Landeshauptarchiv: Online research: Complaints from some municipalities and the mill master Vielitz zu Rottstiel about the rafting of wood on the Rhin by the main, timber and firewood administration. 1794
  10. ^ Friedrich Wilhelm August Bratring: The Graffschaft Ruppin in historical, statistical and geographical terms. Gottfried Hayn, Berlin 1799 Online at Google Books , p. 458.
  11. ^ Brandenburgisches Landeshauptarchiv: Online research: Trial of the Treasury, the defendant, against the lease miller Ramm in Rottstiel because of lease disputes. Contains, among other things: Copy of the long lease contract for the Rottstielsche cutting mill from 1804.
  12. ^ Friedrich Wilhelm August Bratring: Statistical-topographical description of the entire Mark Brandenburg. Second volume. Containing the Mittelmark and Ukermark. VIII, 583 S., Berlin, Maurer, 1805 Online at Google Books (p. 47)
  13. ^ Brandenburgisches Landeshauptarchiv: Online research: Structural changes to the mill in Rottstiel by the mill master Ramm. 1811.
  14. Brandenburgisches Landeshauptarchiv: Online research: setting a water level at the mill in Rottstiel, removing the dam below the mill and clearing the mill flow up to the Zermützelsee. 1815.
  15. Brandenburgisches Landeshauptarchiv: Online research: Claim of the mill master Ramm in Rottstiel to the fishing justice on the Tornowsee and the sale of the fishing justice. 1819.
  16. Brandenburgisches Landeshauptarchiv: Online research: Trial of the tax authorities against the lease miller Ramm in Rottstiel because of the extension of the fishing rights. 1829.
  17. Brandenburgisches Landeshauptarchiv: Online research: Investigation against the mill master Ramm zu Rottstiel because of improper damming of the water in the Tornowsee and water level conditions at Rottstiel in general. 1831.
  18. Brandenburgisches Landeshauptarchiv: Online research: Contract dated December 7, 1835 with Gustav Schulz, the owner of the lease cutting mill in Rottstiel, on the acquisition of the hay land used by the mill as property. 1835.
  19. Brandenburgisches Landeshauptarchiv: Online research: Claim of the mill master Ramm in Rottstiel to the fishing justice on the Tornowsee and the sale of the fishing justice. 1836.
  20. Brandenburgisches Landeshauptarchiv: Online research: Purchase contract of Jan. 7, 1837 with the mill owner Schulze in Rottstiel about fishing in the Tornowsee.
  21. Dieter Zühlke (arrangement) / collective authors: Ruppiner Land: Results of the local history inventory in the areas of Zühlen, Dierberg, Neuruppin and Lindow . 202 p., Berlin: Akademie-Verlag 1981. (Values ​​of our homeland - local history inventory in the German D. Republic; 37), p. 52–53.
  22. Rottstiel at www.guehlen-glienicke.de
  23. ^ Brandenburgisches Landeshauptarchiv: Online research: New building of the Rottstiel forestry department. 1869
  24. List of monuments of the state of Brandenburg: Landkreis Ostprignitz-Ruppin (PDF) Brandenburg State Office for Monument Preservation and State Archaeological Museum
  25. a b The municipalities and manor districts of the Prussian state and their population. According to the original materials of the general census of December 1, 1871. II. Province of Brandenburg. Verlag der Königlichen Statistischen Bureaus (Dr. Engel), Berlin 1873. Online at Google Books , p. 94/95.
  26. ^ Official Journal of the Royal Government of Potsdam and the City of Berlin, Supplement to Part 24 of the Official Gazette of June 12, 1874, p. 8. Online at Google Books
  27. a b Enders, Historisches Ortslexikon, Ruppin, pp. 221/22.
  28. ^ Service portal of the state administration of the state of Brandenburg: City of Neuruppin

Coordinates: 53 ° 1 '8 "  N , 12 ° 48' 37"  E