Art jump

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Kunsterspring, Rottstiel and Steinberge on the Urmes table sheet 1: 25,000 2942 Gühlen-Glienicke from 1825.

Kunsterspring is part of the municipality of Gühlen-Glienicke , a district of the city of Neuruppin in the Ostprignitz-Ruppin district (Brandenburg). The medieval village of Kunst was devastated in 1358 and probably not rebuilt. 1541 art is named as a desert field mark. In 1750 a water mill was built on the Feldmark; From this small settlement, today's part of the municipality of Kunsterspring developed.

location

Kunsterspring is a residential area in the district of Gühlen-Glienicke, a district of the city of Neuruppin. It is located 12 km northwest of the city center of Neuruppin and approx. 2.4 km south-southeast of the center of Gühlen-Glienicke. It can be easily reached via the L16 from Neuruppin; the L16 continues to Gühlen-Glienicke. The next place is the Steinberge part of the municipality , which is only 600 m away as the crow flies in the direction of Gühlen-Glienicke. The Steinbergesee is only about 100 m to the north . The Kunster flows past to the south, which used to drive the art mill. The small place is almost entirely in the forest at 62  m above sea level. NHN

history

The place was mentioned for the first time in 1353. The name is just difficult to interpret. Either it is a reinterpreted Slavic place name, or it is actually derived from the word art. In the Middle Ages, art meant, cf. Water art, a technical device for distributing water, is conceivable as irrigation of higher lying fields using a sophisticated irrigation system. A reservoir of water can also be called art.

On October 27, 1353, Henning Behr received the Lietze together with the highest marshal office of the state of Stargard from Duke Albrecht II of Mecklenburg as a fief. Of the villages in the Lietze, only Netzeband, Rossow and Schönberg remained as Mecklenburg exclaves on the border between the Ruppin and Prignitz rulers.

In 1358 knight Henning Behr (Bere) complained to his feudal lord, Duke Albrecht von Mecklenburg, that the Counts of Lindow and their followers had given Rohr to his villages of art, Drosedow ( Drusedow ) (municipality of Wustrow , district of Mecklenburg Lake District), Darritz ( Dargitz ) ( Residential area of ​​the community of Märkisch Linden) and Rottstiel (residential area of ​​the city of Neuruppin) wuste . His villages Netzeband , Katerbow and Rägelin were also damaged. The reason for the feud and the destruction is not apparent, especially since the four (completely) devastated villages were each more or less far apart. Art was probably not rebuilt later in history, as was Rottstiel (1525: also deserted Feldmark ).

In 1541, art was definitely a wild field mark , which means that the village had completely disappeared. However, the field mark was cultivated by farmers from the village of Katerbow . Before the village fell, art belonged to the parish of Neuruppin. The pastor of Neuruppin therefore received half a wispel of oats from the desert Feldmark Kunst from the farmers of Katerbow . In 1574 a farmer in Zühlen also had a meadow on Feldmark Kunst. It belonged to the Alt Ruppin office at that time and also in the further course of the story . In 1590 the location of the Feldmark was described in more detail. It bordered the then also desolate field marks of Prozechel , Randersleben , Steinberge and Eggersdorf (Steinberge was rebuilt later). The remaining arable land was cultivated by the farmers of Katerbow against lease. The Vorwerk Linow had a meadow for 30 loads of hay and two people from Alt Ruppin also had meadows on the Feldmark. The Vorwerk Storbeck also used parts of the Feldmark as sheep pasture.

During the Thirty Years' War the Feldmark fell in the real sense of the word, it was forested and in 1654, as it says in a document, was completely overgrown with wood. In 1697 the Kunsterspring was cleared, which means that parts of the field mark were cleared and reclaimed. In 1750 a water mill was built on the arts and crafts. In 1764 the miller Kehrberg had a house there, a barn, a stable and an outbuilding. The mill was therefore called Kehrbergmühle in the Schmettauschen map series from 1767/87 . The residents of the mill went to church in Zühlen.

In 1767 the small settlement had three campfire sites (houses) and 12 residents, in 1787 there were 18 residents. Johann Ernst Fabri names the place Kunster Mühle , as does Friedrich Wilhelm Bratring. In 1798 larger arable land belonged to the mill, which was sown with a wispel of rye, 10 bushels of oats, 2 bushels of peas, a wispel, 12 bushels of potatoes and 7 bushels of buckwheat . There were also meadows for two horses and 10 head of cattle. In 1798 Bratring gives only two fireplaces , at / in which 16 people lived in 1766, 21 in 1785 and 22 in 1798. However, he mentions three lodgers and a shepherd, five men, five women, seven children and 5 servants. Bratring also mentions that the mineral water flowing here (the boiling spring above Kunsterspring) is said to have helped many sick people in the previous century (i.e. in the 18th century). Bratring gives two campfire sites and 27 residents for 1801, including four residents. The miller had to pay his duties to the Alt Ruppin office. In 1797 a mill master Thederan held the art mill. In 1801 his wife Marie Wilhelmine Henriette, b. Rosenberg the mill. In 1834 the mill master Hartz was mentioned for the first time, followed in 1868 by a mill master Rost and in 1875 by a mill master Reich.

In 1817 the place was named Kunsterspring, the mill is described as a water, grinding, cutting and tan mill. It now belonged to a master miller Pagel, who still had to pay his duties to the Alt Ruppin office. The place had nine residents. In 1834, the then owner Mühlenmeister Hartz bought 3 acres of 136 square rods of forest land. In 1840 there was a house with 12 residents. According to Berghaus, 40 acres of fields and meadows belonged to the mill around 1850 . In 1860 there were three farm buildings here next to the residential building. The mill is described as a water grain mill and a water saw mill. 8 people still lived in the settlement. At that time, Kunsterspring belonged to the Steinberge Colony . In 1917 the mill burned down and was not rebuilt.

The reed house built in 1935
Apprentices from the Kunsterspring forest work school

The forest work school was opened in 1952 and an industrialist's hunting lodge ( reed house ) built in 1935 served as boarding school for the apprentices . In the 1970s, numerous young Vietnamese and later Cambodians were also trained here.

1955 to 1963 Nutrias ( Myocastor coypus ) were bred in a fur farm on the Kunster . This was followed by a duck fattening system. In 1967 a forest botanical garden was laid out. An enclosure was attached that initially accommodated injured or orphaned wild animals. From this the zoo developed, which the city council of Neuruppin took over in 1975.

Mill owner

An overview of the mill owners identified so far:

  • 1796 mill master Thederan
  • 1801 Marie Wilhelmine Henriette, b. Rosenberg, married Thederan, mill owner
  • 1834 mill master Hartz
  • 1857 Mühlenmeister Hartz, deputy arbitrator for the fourth rural district of the Ruppin district
  • 1864 mill owner Carl Hartz, arbitrator in the 4th rural district of the Ruppin district
  • 1868 mill owner empire
  • 1875 mill owner Rost

Forest work school, business and leisure

In 1952, the Kunsterspring forest work school was founded in Kunsterspring as a regional training center for skilled forest workers. The school has since been rebuilt and expanded several times and is now linked to a boarding school. A trout and char breeding company has set up shop at the Kunster. Kunsterspring has an animal park in which around 90 native species are shown.

"Kunsterspring" nature reserve

Above Kunsterspring, the valley of the Kunster is designated as a nature reserve with a wide strip on either side of the valley, including the Kochquelle . By the 101-hectare nature reserve one's nature trail expelled.

literature

  • Lieselott Enders: Historical local dictionary for Brandenburg, part II, Ruppin . 327 pp., Weimar 1972, p. 139.
  • Joachim Herrmann, Peter Donat (ed.) / Collective of authors: corpus of archaeological sources on early history in the area of ​​the German Democratic Republic: (7th to 12th century). 348 p., Academy of Sciences of the GDR, Central Institute for Ancient History and Archeology, Berlin, 1979.
  • Dieter Zühlke (arrangement) / collective of authors: Ruppiner Land: Results of the local history inventory in the areas of Zühlen, Dierberg, Neuruppin and Lindow . 202 pp., Berlin: Akademie-Verlag 1981. (Values ​​of our homeland - local history inventory in the German D. Republic; 37), pp. 47–48 (hereinafter abbreviated to Zühlke, Ruppiner Land with corresponding page number).

Web links

Commons : Kunsterspring  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Zühlke, Ruppiner Land, p. 47.
  2. ^ Association for Meklenburg History and Archeology : Me (c) klenburgisches Urkundenbuch, Volume 14 (1356-1360). 677 p., In commission of the Stiller'schen Hofbuchhandlung, Schwerin, 1886, document number 8456, p. 283–286.
  3. ^ Brandenburgisches Landeshauptarchiv: Online research: Clearance of the Kunsterspring. 1697.
  4. ^ A b Johann Ernst Fabri: Improvements and supplements in respect of the Graffschaft Ruppin. On the Büsching topography of the Mark Brandenburg. Magazine for Geography, Political Studies and History, 3: 271-311, Nuremberg, Raspesche Buchhandlung, 1797 Online at Google Books
  5. ^ Friedrich Wilhelm August Bratring: The Graffschaft Ruppin in historical, statistical and geographical terms. Gottfried Hayn, Berlin 1799 Online at Google Books (p. 457)
  6. ^ Friedrich Wilhelm August Bratring: Statistical-topographical description of the entire Mark Brandenburg. Second volume. Containing the Mittelmark and Ukermark. VIII, 583 S., Berlin, Maurer, 1805 Online at Google Books (p. 54)
  7. ↑ a b Brandenburgisches Landeshauptarchiv: Online research: Complaint from the mill master Thederen at the Kunsterspringschen Mühle about the leaseholder Schönermark zu Frankendorf because of the husband who was confiscated from him; 1796.
  8. ↑ a b c Brandenburgisches Landeshauptarchiv: Online research: purchase contract of March 8, 1834 with the mill master Hartz in Kunsterspring for 3 acres of 136 square rods of forest land; (1832) 1834-1835.
  9. ↑ Ortschafts = directory of the government = district of Potsdam according to the latest district division from 1817, with a note of the district to which the place previously belonged, the quality, number of people, confession, ecclesiastical circumstances, owner and address, along with an alphabetical register . Georg Decker, Berlin 1817 (without pagination) online at Google Books
  10. ↑ August von Sellentin: Topographical-statistical overview of the government district of Potsdam and the city of Berlin: Compiled from official sources. 292 p., Verlag der Sander'schen Buchhandlung, 1841 Central and State Library Berlin: Link to the digitized version (p. 146)
  11. ^ Heinrich Karl Wilhelm Berghaus: Land book of the Mark Brandenburg and the Markgrafthum Nieder-Lausitz in the middle of the 19th century; or geographical-historical-statistical description of the Province of Brandenburg, at the instigation of the State Minister and Upper President Flottwell. First volume. 684 p., Printed and published by Adolph Müller, Brandenburg 1854 Online at Google Books p. 134
  12. ↑ Richard Boeckh: Local statistics of the government district Potsdam with the city of Berlin. 276 p., Verlag von Dietrich Reimer, Berlin, 1861, p. 206 (under Charlottenthal)
  13. ^ Brandenburgisches Landeshauptarchiv: Online research: Hereditary documents for the mill owner Marie Wilhelmine Henriette, b. Rosenberg, married Thederan zu Kunsterspring; 1801.
  14. ^ Official Journal of the Royal Government of Potsdam and the City of Berlin, Item 12 of March 25, 1853, p. 128. Online at Google Books
  15. ^ Official Journal of the Royal Government of Potsdam and the City of Berlin, Item 46 of November 11, 1864, p. 329 Online at Google Books
  16. ↑ Official Gazette of the Royal Government of Potsdam and the City of Berlin, Issue 16 of April 17, 1868, p. 129 Online at Google Books
  17. ^ Official Journal of the Royal Government of Potsdam and the City of Berlin, Issue 38 of September 17, 1875, p. 315 online at Google Books
  18. ↑ Kunsterspring forest work school
  19. ↑ Kunsterspring Zoo
  20. ↑ Kunsterspring nature trail


Coordinates: 53 ° 2 '  N , 12 ° 46'  E