Fristow

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Fristow is a residential area in the Krangen district of the city of Neuruppin in the Ostprignitz-Ruppin district (Brandenburg). The medieval village of Fristow was in the period 14./15. Century. In 1719 a tar furnace was built on the desert field. In 1879 a forester's house was built on the site of the broken tar furnace. The district forester Fristow is now part of the Brandenburg Forestry Department of the Oberforsterei Neuruppin in Alt Ruppin .

The expired tar ovens Fristow (at the Zermützelsee) (abbreviated: TO ) and Krangensbrück (southeast of it) on the Urmes table sheet 2943 Rheinsberg from 1843

location

The Fristow residential area is located on the northeast bank on a small terrace of the Rhin, just before its confluence with the Zermützelsee , about 10 km northeast of downtown Neuruppin. The terrace marks the southern edge of the outer terminal moraine of the Frankfurt phase of the Vistula glacial period . South of Fristow and the terminal moraine is the Plagge moorland, called In der Plagge on the topographic map .

The living space can be reached via small streets from Krangen and Zermützel . The two streets join shortly before Fristow. After the village the road continues Schwanow . Fristow is 44.5  m above sea level. NHN and is completely surrounded by forest.

history

When it was first mentioned in 1525, Fristow was already a desert field mark. The interpretation of the name is uncertain due to the late mention. Foster goes from an old Polish basic form * Vrestov- , to aplb. * vres from heather. The interpretation of RE Fischer, who derives the place name from a personal name * Vrešt , rejects Foster.

The discovery of a Stone Age blade scraper at the Fristow forestry shows that the place was visited as early as the Stone Age. The site is not far from where the village of Fristow became deserted in the Middle Ages.

The village of Fristow, which was probably built in the High Middle Ages, was already in the 14th / 15th centuries. Century. In the land register of 1525, Fristow is recorded as a desert field mark ( vf dem felde fristo ). The term wild field mark is misleading because the village no longer existed, but the field mark was still used. In 1525 the Schulze von Zermützel had the court over the desert Feldmark Fristow. He had a number of meadows in use, free logging, was allowed to burn Elsenholz (birch wood) to charcoal, had pipes and a number of fields. For this he had to give the Ruppin rulership a shock penny at the castle. 1561

In 1574 the Schulze von Zechow had a place under management on the Feldmark Fristow. Four farmers together had six places in Heuerland for a total of 22½ bushels of rye seed. Accordingly, with places are meant arable land. In 1590 the field was mostly overgrown with wood and in 1654 after the Thirty Years War.

Fristow belonged for the most part to the Alt Ruppin office . But also the estate in Zermützel, which had emerged from the Lehnschulzengericht, could still claim some rights, such as the right to cut reed, fishing, a fifth of the logging, a fifth of the possible wage and a fifth of the field mark. The street court was also part of it. In 1740 the Zermützel estate was acquired by the city of Neuruppin. The associated rights were transferred to the city of Neuruppin.

Since 1719 there was a tar stove at or near the old village, which Mathes Wendecke had in operation. In 1722, the Neuruppin merchant HJ Bolte signed a contract for the tar kiln on Fristow. In 1725 the tar oven was also called the tar oven on the Schwanow . In 1756 the planned establishment of an establishment for 4 foreign Büdner was not realized because of the lack of timber.

In 1759 the tar oven was also called the Schwanow tar oven . In 1759 the Schwanow tar furnace used 88 acres of 179 square rods of Heuerland (leased land) on the desert Feldmark Fristow. In 1784 the Neuruppin combing district was measured; The Fristow district had 326 acres of 102 square rods, with one acre being counted as 180 square rods. That corresponded to a fifth of the original field mark. The desert Feldmark Fristow was joined to the north by the desert Feldmark Schwanow, in the east by the desert Feldmark Rägelsdorf and in the west by the desert Feldmark Tornow .

Johann Ernst Fabri corrupted the name of Tristow , describing it as a royal village with a fireplace. For 1767 it records 0 inhabitants, although it is unclear whether the tar furnace was actually temporarily abandoned or whether it just had no information on the number of inhabitants. For 1787 he gives 11 residents. In 1798 the owner of the tar furnace had sown land for 10 bushels of rye, 6 bushels of barley, 4 bushels of oats and twelve bushels of potatoes, and an animal population of 2 horses, five head of cattle and five pigs. 17 people lived in the only house.

In 1801 Bratring described Fristow as a tea oven near Zermützel, in the Zühlen district . The settlement had a fireplace (residential building) and 14 residents. 1837 Teerofen belonged to a musician Erdmann . In 1840 there were two houses near the tar stove, in which 10 people lived. In 1860 there were two houses and two farm buildings inFristow. In 1874, the Fristow establishment still existed. In 1879 the new name of the forestry establishment at the intersection of the paths from Rottstiel to Zippelsförde and from Krangen to Schwanow was rebuilt in place of the broken tar furnace for the Krangensbrück protection area ; it was named Försterei Fristow . The old forestry department in Krangensbrück had previously been demolished. During the GDR era, Fristow was the seat of a chief forester's house in the state hunting forest district of the Neuruppin State Forestry Company. Today the district forester Fristow belongs to the state forestry Brandenburg of the Oberförsterei Neuruppin based in Alt Ruppin .

Population development in Fristow from 1767 to 1871
year 1767 1787 1801 1817 1840 1858 1871
Residents 0 11 14th 11 10 11 6th

In 1525 the desert Feldmark belonged mainly to the Ruppin rulership, later to the Alt Ruppin office. With the formation of the administrative districts in the province of Brandenburg in 1874, the Fristow establishment was assigned to the district 33 Alt-Ruppin. District 33 Alt-Ruppin was made up of the Alt Ruppin Office, the Alt Ruppin Royal Forest with the Rottstiel, Stendenitz, Krangensbrück, Zippelsförde, Klausheide, Eggersdorf and Pfefferteich establishments and the Fristow establishment . From 1879 on, the Fristow forestry department belonged to the Forst Alt Ruppin district. In 1929, the Fristow forestry was incorporated into Krangen. On December 6, 1993, Krangen was incorporated into the city of Neuruppin. The service portal of the state administration of the state of Brandenburg officially lists Fristow as the residential area of ​​the city of Neuruppin.

literature

  • Lieselott Enders : Historical local dictionary for Brandenburg, part II Ruppin . 327 p., Hermann Böhlaus successor, Weimar 1972 (in the following abbreviated to Enders, Historisches Ortslexikon, Ruppin, with corresponding page number).
  • Adolph Friedrich Johann Riedel : Codex Diplomaticus Brandenburgensis Collection of documents, chronicles and other sources for the history of the Mark Brandenburg and its rulers. A. First main part or collection of documents for local and special regional history, Volume 4. 520 S., Berlin, Reimer 1844 Online at Google Books (in the following abbreviated to Riedel, CDB, A 4 with corresponding document number and page number)

Individual evidence

  1. ^ A b Dieter Zühlke (arrangement) / collective of authors: Ruppiner Land: Results of the local history inventory in the areas of Zühlen, Dierberg, Neuruppin and Lindow . 202 p., Berlin: Akademie-Verlag 1981. (Values ​​of our homeland - local history inventory in the German D. Republic; 37), p. 81.
  2. ^ Elżbieta Foster: Brandenburg Name Book Part II The place names of the state of Ruppin. 258 p., Verlag Hermann Böhlaus successor Weimar 1998 (p. 59)
  3. ↑ a b Adolph Friedrich Johann Riedel : Codex Diplomaticus Brandenburgensis Collection of documents, chronicles and other sources for the history of the Mark Brandenburg and its regents. A. First main part or collection of documents for local and special regional history, Volume 4. 520 S., Berlin, Reimer 1844 Online at Google Books (p. 160)
  4. ^ A b Johann Ernst Fabri: Improvements and supplements in respect of the Graffschaft Ruppin. On the Büsching topography of the Mark Brandenburg. Magazine for Geography, State Studies and History, 3: 271–311, Nuremberg, Raspesche Buchhandlung, 1797 Online at Google Books , p. 310.
  5. ^ Friedrich Wilhelm August Bratring: The Graffschaft Ruppin in historical, statistical and geographical terms. Gottfried Hayn, Berlin 1799 Online at Google Books , p. 459.
  6. ^ Friedrich Wilhelm August Bratring: Statistical-topographical description of the entire Mark Brandenburg. Second volume. Containing the Mittelmark and Ukermark. VIII, 583 p., Berlin, Maurer, 1805 Online at Google Books , p. 49.
  7. ↑ Topography of the lower courts of the Kurmark Brandenburg and the associated parts of the country. Oehmigke, Berlin 1837, online at Google Books , p. 78
  8. ^ Official Journal of the Royal Government of Potsdam and the City of Berlin, Supplement to Part 24 of the Official Journal of June 12, 1874, p. 9. Online at Google Books
  9. ^ Official Journal of the Royal Government of Potsdam and the City of Berlin, 33rd issue of August 15, 1879, p. 339.
  10. ↑ Enders, Historisches Ortslexikon, Ruppin, pp. 59/60.
  11. ^ The municipalities and manor districts of the Prussian State and their population. According to the original materials of the general census of December 1, 1871. II. Province of Brandenburg. Verlag der Königlichen Statistischen Bureaus (Dr. Engel), Berlin 1873. Online at Google Books , p. 94/95.
  12. ^ Service portal of the state administration of the state of Brandenburg: City of Neuruppin

Coordinates: 53 ° 1 '  N , 12 ° 51'  E