Ruda-Bugaj
| Ruda-Bugaj | |||
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| Basic data | |||
| State : | Poland | ||
| Voivodeship : | Łódź | ||
| Powiat : | Zgierz | ||
| District of: | Ruda-Bugaj | ||
| Geographic location : | 51 ° 50 ′ N , 19 ° 16 ′ E | ||
| Residents : | 260 | ||
| Telephone code : | (+48) 42 | ||
| License plate : | EZG | ||
| Economy and Transport | |||
| Next international airport : | Łódź | ||
Ruda-Bugaj is a village in the municipality Aleksandrów Łódzki the county Zgierz in the Polish region of Łódź .
The village was first mentioned in a document in 1444. It is surrounded by forests on the Bzura River .
When the farmers Ruda and Bugaj emerged from clearing at the end of the 18th century, the spelling Ruda-Bugaj was intended to distinguish it from other places called Ruda. It prevailed in the course of the 19th century. In documents of the Evangelical Church the place Ruda is also called Groß Brużyca, although Groß Brużyca was actually the estate or the manor.
In 1827 Ruda was a privately owned place, located in the Masovian Voivodeship, Łęczyca District, Zgierz District. He belonged to the Catholic parish of Aleksandrów. There were 21 houses and 215 residents there.
Manorial rule
In January 1782, Walenty Chrobrzyński, heir and owner of the Groß Brużyca estate and the Ruda, Bugaj and Wierzbno forest areas, signed an agreement with the Hauländer Gottfried Arnold. According to this source, the noble Chrobrzyński family had owned these lands for several generations, but they brought them little income. Arnold took on the task of introducing settlers as the future Schulze who were to receive land for clearing under the agreed conditions. The fluctuation of the residents was great.
Regarding the origins of the settlers: According to his own admission, Kossmann was able to see no longer existing volumes of the civil files in Zgierz and wrote: "... where we also find the beautiful Gothic signatures of our peasant ancestors in large numbers in the Catholic church files ... They had just enjoyed their school lessons in their old homeland, in Posenschen, in Boruie and Tomischl . "
Rafał Bratoszewski, a member of the Polish nobility (coat of arms: Sulima ), acquired the Groß Brużyca estate from Walenty Chrobrzyński around 1798. The new landlord devoted himself to modernizing his estates. In this context, he supported the establishment of a Protestant community in Ruda, including a pastor and church. According to a list from 1800, there were 48 Protestant households in Ruda.
Evangelical Lutheran Parish Groß Brużyca
The pastor from Iłów visited the evangelical residents in Ruda twice a year, confirmed the young people and distributed the Lord's Supper . This happened for the first time on May 23, 1786. The Catholic pastor in Zgierz was responsible for all baptisms and weddings . It was not until 1795, i.e. under Prussian rule, that official acts from Ruda and the surrounding area were documented in the Iłów church register.
From 1801 the parish had its own pastor, Friedrich Georg Tuve , through the initiative of the landlord Bratoszewski , who lived in Ruda and from around 1808 also traveled the wider area. Tuve created its own church registers for Ruda and the surrounding area at the end of 1801, which were destroyed in 1945.
school
In Ruda, a prayer and school house was built between 1798 and 1799 with the support of the landlord, which also served as a teacher's apartment. The reports on the school visits according to Prussian law, which were first carried out in 1798 by the pastor of Iłów and later by the local pastor Tuve, contain some information about the life of the population.
In 1867, 30 boys and 20 girls attended the elementary school in Ruda-Bugaj. At that time the teacher lived in his "own wooden house."
In 1945 an old building with a thatched roof was still used as an elementary school. In 1954 the school moved to a brick building that had four classrooms. 1973 a large, modern school building was completed, which is also attended by children from neighboring villages. The school has been the first integration school in the Aleksandrów Łódzki municipality since 2002 (Szkoła Podstawowa z oddziałami integracyjnymi im. Janusza Korczaka).
graveyard
The former evangelical cemetery of Ruda Bugaj is located in the forest, next to the road that leads from the through road Aleksandrów Łódzki - Parzęczew to the village on the red tourist road, a little before the sewage treatment plant. There are dozens of tombstones or their fragments; some German inscriptions are still legible.
Historic Buildings
Wooden church
Tuve planned a small church building as early as 1804. But it was not until April 17, 1817 that the congregation was able to inaugurate a simple wooden church in Ruda Bugaj. In the same year Bratoszewski founded the city of Aleksandrów, in which many German craftsmen settled in the following years. The parish gained an urban character, which in 1825 led to the transfer of the parish seat from Ruda to Aleksandrów. With the support of Bratoszewski, a new, stone Protestant church was built there, which was inaugurated at Christmas 1828. The wooden church in Ruda was dismantled and transported to Łęczyca , where it has served as a place of worship for the evangelical community since 1853. It had to be canceled around 1980 due to dilapidation.
Description of the shell in 1810: “The church building is made of plank walls, 33 ½ cubits long, 20 ⅙ cubits wide, 8 ⅙ high between threshold and cornice, the roof covered with shingles. The choir beams and stems as well as the arches of the roof have been introduced. The tower is in Prussia. The fret is built in 3 paragraphs in the shape of a 6, in the middle of a 4 and above a regular octagon, the width of the same is 9 cubits at the bottom, in the middle 7½ cubits and at the top 5½ cubits, the whole The height from the lower threshold to the top of the roof is 42 cubits. "
School and prayer house
The old school and prayer house from the end of the 18th century still existed in the 1930s. Kossmann described this building as follows: “The kitchen and living room were planned at one end. The larger other half was intended for the prayer room and school room. There is still a small bell tower on top of the roof. The whole thing has the appearance of an ordinary, somewhat longer farmhouse. Only on top sits the tiny turret like a somewhat larger roof turret, which stamps the building into a place of worship. "
Public house
The former inn, built in 1771 according to an inscription on the ceiling beam, was demolished in 2012, although efforts were made to protect it.
Web links
- Historical photos of the wooden church at its later location in Łęczyca: Kościół w Łęczycy
literature
Since he himself came from Ruda Bugaj, Eugen Oskar Kossmann has collected all the sources available to him on this place. Some of these no longer exist today.
- EH Busch: Contributions to the history and statistics of the church and school system of the Evangelical Augsburg. Congregations in the Kingdom of Poland , St. Petersburg and Leipzig 1867.
- Eugen Oskar Kossmann: The beginnings of Germanness in the Litzmannstadt area , Leipzig 1942.
- Adolf Kargel , Arthur Schmidt: Alexandrow. A center of the Germans in the industrial area Lodz , Mönchengladbach 1988.
- Eduard Kneifel : The history of the Evangelical Augsburg Church in Poland , Niedermarschacht / Winsen an der Luhe 1964.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Tabella miast, wsi, osad, Królestwo Polskiego . tape 2 . Warszawa 1827, p. 147 .
- ↑ Eugen Oskar Kossmann: The beginnings of Germanness in the Litzmannstadt area . (Appendix No. 3. Original: AGAD Warsaw, No. 67 Księgi grodzkie łęczyckie, Castrensia Lanciciensia.).
- ^ Eugen Oskar Kossmann: 150 years of Protestant worship in the Lodz area. The beginnings of local church life . Ed .: Neue Lodzer Zeitung. May 21, 1936.
- ^ Eugen Oskar Kossmann: 150 years of German Protestant worship in the Lodz area . In: Lodzer Free Press . May 20, 1936.
- ^ EH Busch: Contributions to history . S. 154 .
- ↑ Historia szkoly. Retrieved January 16, 2018 .
- ↑ Ruda Bugaj. In: Wiejskie cmentarze ewangelickie. Retrieved January 16, 2018 .
- ↑ K. Horn: The Church in Lodz and the surrounding area . In: Neue Lodzer Zeitung . September 15, 1927.
- ↑ Akta tyczące się funduszow depozytowych duchowieństwa ewangelicko-augsburskiego . 190, Sig. 1086. AGAD Warsaw, p. 61 .
- ^ Eugen Oskar Kossmann: 150 years of Protestant worship in the Lodz area. The beginnings of local church life . In: Neue Lodzer Zeitung . May 21, 1936.
- ↑ Dlaczego zniknęła stara karczma koło Aleksandrowa? Wydano zgodę na rozbiórkę zabytku. In: Express Ilustrowany. April 12, 2012, accessed January 16, 2018 .