Rudolf Polland

Rudolf Polland (born August 11, 1876 in Vienna , † May 23, 1952 in Graz ) was an Austrian dermatologist and university professor.

Life

Polland received his doctorate in Vienna in the summer of 1901 and was an assistant at the Dermatology Clinic in Graz from March 1904 to September 1920. After settling in July 1908 in Vienna for dermatology and syphilidology habilitation had, he had to 1938 a lecturer, first as a lecturer . In 1914 he was appointed associate professor, in 1919 associate professor (dermatology and syphilis), in October 1939 as extraordinary professor and in May 1940 as full professor.

On September 21, 1915, Polland, regimental doctor in Evidenz, married Margarete Cuno, daughter of a board member of the General Commercial and Commercial Bank Graz , in the Evangelical Church of the Savior .

In October 1916, the doctor working in the Imperial and Royal Clinical Reserve Hospital was awarded the Cross of Honor 2nd Class as a decoration for services to the Red Cross . Her daughter Herta was born at the end of the year. On June 25, 1919, Polland, a committed amateur photographer and speaker of slide-based travel reports, chaired the committee for the foundation of the Styria section of the Association for Speleology in Austria as a long-time member of the Association for Speleology in Graz .

In July 1920, Polland came to the center of public interest for some time through a jury trial against the clergyman Johannes Ude (1874-1965), who accused the doctor in the pamphlet university professor and brothel owner of being at the side of a brothel owner on December 6, 1919 To have opposed the abolition of brothels in the interests of public health. Ude's acquittal led to a demonstration of indignation on the part of the national organization of doctors against the clergy who was active in an association to combat public immorality, who for his part responded to this action, in particular with the counter-writ, Die Kulturschande Europa, before the jury .

In January 1924 he was a founding member of the Graz Society for Racial Hygiene ( incorporated into the Arbeitsbund für Österreichischen Familienkunde in 1928 ). With a lecture in Vienna he suggested the foundation of the Vienna Society for Racial Hygiene in 1925. He also became a member of the Graz office of the Arbeitsbund für Österreichische Familienkunde . In the most unselfish, most devoted way he fights for the highest ideals of humanity, he was recognized in the club news. From 1928 he was a sponsor of the National Socialist Society for German Culture .

After Austria was annexed to the National Socialist German Reich , he joined the NSDAP in 1938 . In October 1938 he became head of the Institute for Hereditary Science and Racial Hygiene at the Medical Faculty of the University of Graz , where in 1939 he received a teaching position for racial hygiene . He worked as a judge at the Hereditary Health Supreme Court and as an appraiser for the clan office .

Fonts

• The venereal diseases, their consequences and their prevention . Deuticke, Leipzig (among others) 1907, OBV .
• Race and Culture (1/2). In:  Neues Grazer Tagblatt , first morning edition, No. 62/1923 (XXXIII. Volume), February 6, 1923, p. 1 ff. (Online at ANNO ). .
  • Race and Culture (2/2). In:  Neues Grazer Tagblatt , first morning edition, No. 66/1923 (XXXIII. Volume), February 8, 1923, p. 1 ff. (Online at ANNO ). .
• Small fonts . (Contains writings between 1905 and 1925). Perles (among others), Vienna 1925, OBV .
• Racial Issues and Racial Hygiene. Questions and answers on genetics . Pennale Burschenschaft der Ostmark, Vienna 1940, OBV .
• Racial hygiene in medical education. Inaugural lecture by Professor Dr. R (udolf) Polland, Graz. In:  Wiener Medizinische Wochenschrift , year 1939, August 26, 1939, No. 34/1939 (LXXXIX. Year), pp. 875–878. (Online at ANNO ). .

literature

• Petra Scheiblechner: "... politically he is impeccable ..." Short biographies of the scientists working at the Medical Faculty of the University of Graz from 1938 to 1945. Akademische Druck- und Verlagsanstalt, Graz 2002, p. 194.
• Ernst Klee : The dictionary of persons on the Third Reich . Who was what before and after 1945 . 2nd Edition. Fischer-Taschenbuch-Verlag, Frankfurt am Main 2007, ISBN 978-3-596-16048-8 .

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Daily report. (...) At the University of Graz (...). In:  Grazer Tagblatt , evening edition, No. 164/1919 (XXIXth year), June 16, 1919, p. 3, column 3. (Online at ANNO ). .
2. ↑ Daily report. (...) weddings. In:  Grazer Tagblatt , Abend-Ausgabe, No. 264/1915 (XXV. Year), September 22, 1915, p. 3, column 1. (Online at ANNO ). .
3. ↑ Daily report. Awards from the Red Cross. In:  Grazer Tagblatt , Abend-Ausgabe, No. 291/1916 (XXVI. Volume), October 20, 1916, p. 2, column 1. (Online at ANNO ). .
4. ↑ Association news. (...) Association for Speleology. In:  Grazer Tagblatt , Abend-Ausgabe, No. 174/1919 (XXIX. Volume), June 26, 1919, p. 4, column 1. (Online at ANNO ). .
5. ↑ Courtroom . (...) Dr. Ude before the jury. In:  Neues Grazer Abendblatt , No. 444/1920 (XXX. Volume), July 3, 1920, p. 4, column 1 ff. (Online at ANNO ). .
6. ^ Demonstration of indignation against Ude. The Graz doctors against his defamation. In:  Neues Grazer Morgenblatt , No. 494/1920 (XXX. Year), July 23, 1920, p. 2, column 2 f. (Online at ANNO ). .
7. ^ Johann Ude: The cultural disgrace of Europe before the jury court. Stenographic record of the jury trial that took place on July 3, 1920 in the trial of Prof. Dr. Polland - Prof. Dr. Ude . Verlag "Österreichs Völkerwacht", Graz 1920, ZDB -ID 355224-x ;
   Book show. The cultural disgrace of Europe before the jury. In:  Grazer Mittags-Zeitung , No. 188/1920 (Volume VII), August 24, 1920, p. 4 (unpaginated), column 2. (Online at ANNO ). .
8. ^ Ernst Klee: Das Personenlexikon zum Third Reich , Frankfurt am Main 2007, p. 468

Remarks

1. ↑ Established at the beginning of the war in the rooms of the surgical clinic of the LKH Graz , Riesstrasse 1.
2. ↑ 1910 joining the club of amateur photographers in Graz , together with his brother, the chemist Otto Polland († 1912/13), who also published relevant publications. - See:
   From the clubs. (...) Club of amateur photographers in Graz. In:  Photo-Börse , No. 43 (541) / 1910 (XIV. Volume), October 22, 1910, p. 11963. (Online at ANNO ). ;
   Otto Polland:  The standardization of the camera types. In:  Photographic correspondence. Organ of the kk Photographische Gesellschaft in Vienna (…) , year 1912, No. 617/1912 (XLIX. Year), pp. 62–71. (Online at ANNO ). .
3. ↑ 1909 (with his brother Otto) Participation in one of the first scientific inspections of the Odelstein Cave . - See: The Odelstein Cave near Johnsbach in the Gesäuse. In:  Neuigkeits -Welt-Blatt , No. 262/1910 (XXXVII. Volume), November 17, 1910, p. 29. (Online at ANNO ). .