Fuselage area

Hull areas such as the Bergisches Land can also have large differences in altitude due to deeply cut river valleys (example: Wupper near Müngsten )

In geomorphology, a special form of erosion surface is referred to as the trunk surface ( peneplain , fast plane ) . The special thing about their formation is that the respective underground rocks were leveled evenly regardless of their morphologically effective rock hardness , their storage or folding . The formation of fuselage surfaces is assumed mainly in tropical climates with changing humidity.

Biogeographically , the fast plains today mostly range from the planar level to the colline level up to around 300 m above sea level.

distribution

Hull landscapes with typical island mountains protruding from the area and shallowly deepened flat trough valleys can be found worldwide in ancient mountains that have been under the influence of tropical climates throughout the history of the earth. In Germany, hull areas are found mainly in the Rhenish Slate Mountains (Eifel, Bergisches Land, Sauerland), in the Harz and in the Ore Mountains . In contrast to young fold mountains or layered landscapes , the treasure trove of forms in hull areas is much softer. Larger steps are mostly the result of tectonic processes or quaternary fluvial erosion.

Theories of origin

• According to William Morris Davis (1899), such bas-reliefs are the result of the predominantly fluvial erosion of an old mountain range, which was later tectonically lifted up again after being almost completely leveled .
• According to the theory of double leveling by Julius Büdel (1977), hull surfaces are formed as so-called double leveling surfaces in alternately humid tropical climates . This means that the formation of the surface is caused on the one hand by intensive chemical weathering of the rock in the subsoil and on the other hand by extensive surface erosion ( denudation ) of the weathered product immediately after the dry season with sparse vegetation cover . Either the weathering rate and the erosion rate remain in equilibrium, or the weathering rate predominates. In the latter case, weathered blankets are often found on fossil hull surfaces.

Geomorphological classification

Body surfaces are counted among the sculpture forms .

Individual evidence

1. ↑ H. Zepp: Geomorphology. (= General geography floor plan ). Paderborn 2002, ISBN 3-506-97013-5 .
2. ↑ J. Büdel: Klimgeomorphologie. Borntraeger, Stuttgart 1981, ISBN 3-443-01017-2 .
3. ^ P. Felix-Henningsen: The Mesozoic-Tertiary Weathering Cover (MTV) in the Rhenish Slate Mountains - structure, genesis and Quaternary overprinting. (= Relief, soil, paleoclimate. Volume 6). Berlin / Stuttgart 1990, ISBN 3-443-09006-0 .