Russian-language press in German-speaking countries
The Russian-language press in German-speaking countries is an important source of information for many Russian-speaking emigrants about what is happening in their old and new homeland. Over 100 Russian-language newspapers and magazines appear today in Germany, Switzerland and Austria.
history
After the suppressed military conspiracy of the Decembrists in 1825 and the assumption of power by Tsar Nicholas I with the establishment of an authoritarian regime, many Russians fled to German-speaking countries for a century. A culmination of this emigration after the October Revolution with its violent takeover of power by the Russian communist Bolsheviks in 1917th
There were many journalists and writers among the Russian emigrants who fled from censorship and persecution. They even founded the Union of Russian Journalists and Writers in Germany on August 8, 1920 in Berlin as a separate union.
Until the late 1930s, they wrote for a diaspora in Germany of up to 450,000 Russians, which became steadily smaller after 1922. In 1922 there were 250,000 Russian emigrants, in 1930 around 90,000 and in 1937 only 45,000 Russian emigrants. After Paris, Berlin was the second largest “Russian” city in Europe. “Russian Berlin” was considered by these emigrants to be the “literary capital of Europe”. In 1922 alone, 48 publishers were counted here, publishing a total of 147 Russian daily and weekly newspapers.
Russian-language media in Germany in the 1920s (selection)
| Media title | theme | editor | place | Publication period | Edition |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rul ( Russian Руль , the rudder ) | Literature and art | Josef Wladimirowitsch Gessen | Berlin | 1920-1931 | Unknown |
| Spolochi ( Russian Сполохи ) | Literature and art | A. Drosdov | Berlin | 1921-1923 | Unknown |
| Schar-ptiza ( Russian Жар-птица , The Firebird ) | Literature and art | AE Kogan | Berlin and Paris | 1921-1926 | Unknown |
Most of these Russian-language newspapers and magazines in Germany were discontinued during the National Socialist dictatorship of the German Reich .
The Russian colonies in Austria and Switzerland were numerically smaller, but also had their own publications during this period.
The oldest Russian-language publication still in existence in the European diaspora is Russkaya Mysl (“Russian Thought”), founded in Moscow in 1880 and published in Paris since 1947 .
Germany
Only after the collapse of the Soviet Union did new Russian-language media emerge with the growing number of ethnic Germans and ethnic Germans from the former Soviet republics and with the growing Russian-speaking population group in Germany .
Today the German market for Russian-language print media is bigger than ever: it is estimated that between three and six million Russian-speaking people live in Germany.
National newspapers and magazines
The Moscow journalist Yuri Sarubin founded the first new Russian-language newspaper in Germany in May 1993, Jewropazentr , which was soon widespread in Germany.
In 2001 there were already twelve Russian-language newspapers spread across Germany, mostly publicly funded information sheets for ethnic German repatriates and Jewish contingent refugees. Only the journal Evropazentr , which appears in Berlin, and the later Russkij Berlin (since 1997 as the regional edition of Russkaja Germanija ( Russian Русская Германия )) fought commercially .
The weekly magazine Kontakt-Chance has been published in Germany since October 1994 . It sells around 2.6 million copies a year in Germany and is one of the largest and best-selling Russian-language magazines in Germany.
In 2002, Nicolas Werner's Werner Media Group merged with Jewropazentr and Ost-Ekspress, the two largest newspapers for the Jewropa-Express ( Russian Европа-Экспресс , Jewropa Express ) and thus achieved a circulation of 100,000 copies. The small Vedomosti ( Russian Ведомости ) from Düsseldorf was also bought - but quickly discontinued .
The Werner Media Group founded six other Russian-language newspapers such as the Jewish monthly newspaper Evreyskaya Gazeta ( Russian Еврейская газета , Evreiskaja Gazeta ) with a circulation of 39,000 and the glossy magazine Vsya Evropa ( Russian Вся Европа ) with a circulation of 90,000 , Wsja .
In 1996, the Riga-born brothers Dmitrij and Boris Feldman founded the weekly newspaper Russkaja Germanija ( Russian Русская Германия ). With its regional editions in Berlin ( Russki Berlin ), North Rhine-Westphalia ( Reinskaja Gaseta ), Bavaria ( Russkaja Germanija - Bawarija ) and Hamburg ( Russkaja Germanija - Gamburg ), it has a total sold circulation of 61,000 copies.
Free newspapers
Moscow-born physicist Ashot Terterian and his publisher Terterian have another business model, namely that of the free newspaper. He started in 1998 with the monthly newspaper München-Plus , which initially had a predominantly social orientation and was intended to make integration easier for Russian-speaking immigrants. Since then, Terterian has expanded and today publishes the flagship Germania Plus ( Russian Германия Плюс , Germanija Pljus ) with the regional editions Munich Plus , Nürnberg Plus , Augsburg Plus and Berlin Plus , with a total monthly circulation of 100,000 copies. The monthly newspapers are published and distributed free of charge.
Tabloids
In Frankfurt, in turn, the Russian tabloid Moskowski Komsomolez founded a MK-Germania ( Russian МК Германия , MK-Germanija ) tailored to the needs of the diaspora . The weekly newspaper currently has a circulation of 35,000 copies.
Local magazines
At the local level, medium and small print media appear in Germany, such as the monthly magazine Partner ( Russian Партнёр ) published by MedienHaus GmbH & Co. KG in Dortmund with a circulation of 18,000 copies and Partner-Nord with 14,000 copies for the northern federal states.
Among the products of this publishing house, the children's magazine include Ostrow Tam-i-Tut ( Russian Остров Там-и-Тут ) (The island here-and-there), and a quarterly magazine for contemporary Russian-language literature Zarubezhnye zapiski ( Russian Зарубежные записки , Sarubeschnyje Zapiski ) .
A monthly magazine for emigrants Semljaki ( Russian Земляки ) (compatriots) with 30,000 subscribers appears in the North Rhine-Westphalian Kalletal .
In the Rhine-Main area, as well as in Baden-Württemberg, Saarland and Franconia, the illustrated information magazine Neue Zeiten is known with a circulation of 22,333 copies. The publisher's media also include the free newspaper Karriere , the trade magazine for travel agencies Russki Voyage ( Russian Русский вояж , Russki Wojasch ) and the business directory Solotyje stranizi ( Russian Золотые страницы ).
Bilingual magazines
The German-Russian language magazine Po Swetu has been appearing since 1948 with the German-Russian youth magazine Mosty as a supplement, which reports on the lives of young immigrants from the former Soviet Union.
The bilingual information sheet Ostrowok ( Inselchen ) by the emigrants Galina Zerr and Lydia Pfeiffer has been published in Lörrach for Russian-speaking immigrants in the German-Swiss-French triangle.
The German-Russian newspaper is also bilingual and has been re-appearing in Augsburg since January 2008 after a break of several years (in 1998 the newspaper was discontinued after 24 issues).
radio
Radio Russkij Berlin has been on the air since 2003 , Germany's first and to date only Russian-speaking FM radio station.
Russian-language media in Germany 2011 (selection)
| Media title | publication | publishing company | place | Appears since | Edition |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| TVRUS ( Russian ТВРУС , TWRUS ) | Weekly newspaper | BEM Media GmbH & Co. KG | Wages | 2003 | 120,000 |
| Advertisement ( Russian Анонс , Anons ) | Weekly newspaper | BEM Media GmbH & Co. KG | Wages | 2001 | 250,000 |
| Domaschni Restoran ( Russian Домашний ресторан ) | Monthly magazine | BEM Media GmbH & Co. KG | Wages | 2004 | 20,000 |
| MK compatriots ( Russian МК-Соотечественник , MK-Sootetschestwennik ) | Monthly newspaper | MK Verlag | Frankfurt | 2009 | 120,000 |
| Partner ( Russian Партнер ) | Weekly newspaper | MedienHaus GmbH & Co. KG | Dortmund | 1997 | 18,000 |
| "New Times" ( Russian: Новые Времена , Novyje Wremena ) | Monthly magazine | LTC Media Verlag | Frankfurt | 1999 | 22,000 |
| New Semljaki ( Russian Новые Земляки ) | Monthly newspaper | Semljaki Zeitungsverlag GmbH | Kalletal | 1996 | 60,000 |
| "Career" ( Russian Карьера , Karjera ) | Monthly newspaper | LTC Media Verlag | Frankfurt | 2006 | 100,000 |
| Jewreiskaja Gazeta ( Russian Еврейская газета ) | Monthly newspaper | Werner Media Group | Berlin | 2002 | 21,250 |
| Russkaja Germanija ( Russian Русская Германия ) | Weekly newspaper | ReLine GmbH | Berlin | 1996 | 61,000 |
| Aussiedlerbote ( Russian Переселенческий вестник ) | Monthly newspaper | Rheinisch-Bergische Druckerei GmbH | Hamburg | 2006 | 158,000 |
Switzerland
Russkaja Schweizarija ( Russian Русская Швейцария ) (Russian Switzerland) is a Russian-language magazine published in Switzerland . According to the company, the print run is 6,000 copies. Around 13,000 Russian-speaking people currently live in Switzerland, 9,675 of whom are Russian citizens.
Austria
The monthly magazine Sootetschestwennik ( Russian соотечественник ) (compatriot) appears in Vienna , editor-in-chief and publisher is Serguei Tikhomirov. Around 80,000 Russian-speaking people currently live in Austria.
Web links
- Bem Media Verlag , publisher's website
- PresseRu.EU , free online “kiosk” with complete newspapers / magazines from Europe
- About the Swiss economy in Russian , e-newspaper Швейцария Деловая
- «PARTNER» publisher , publisher's website
- Russkaja Schweizarija , publisher's website
- New times , publishing website
Individual evidence
- ^ Association of Foreign Language Media Book Foreign Language Publications in Germany , 2013
- ^ Hanns-Martin Wietek: The legacy of the Decembrists . ZVAB. September 15, 2008. Retrieved January 30, 2011.
- ↑ a b c G.W. Schirkow: Schurnalistika emigrazii: Istoki i Probljemy . EVARTIST. 2009. Retrieved January 24, 2011.
- ↑ Русская мысль website
- ^ Eastern Europe, 48, 1998, pp. 622–628, Claudia Weiss: Between yesterday and tomorrow. The Paris weekly newspaper Russkaja Mysl looking for new ways.
- ↑ Russian-speaking population groups in Germany
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↑ Russian Language in the World ( Memento of the original from December 23, 2008 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , Report of the Russian Foreign Ministry, Moscow 2003 (Russian) “По оценочным данным, русским языком в той или иной степени владеют около 6 млн. человек, в т.ч. 3 млн. - выходцы из республик бывшего СССР "
- ^ Publisher: Medien . Werner Media Group. 2011. Archived from the original on January 28, 2011. Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved January 23, 2011.
- ^ IVW 01/2010 from LTC Media Verlag
