Sabancaya
| Sabancaya | ||
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| height | 5976 m | |
| location | southern Peru | |
| Mountains | To the | |
| Coordinates | 15 ° 47 '33 " S , 71 ° 51' 35" W | |
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| Type | Stratovolcano | |
| Last eruption | 2016 | |
The Sabancaya is a 5976 m high, active stratovolcano in the Andes in southern Peru and is located about 100 km northwest of Arequipa . It is the most active volcano in Peru and part of a 20 km long north-south chain of three large stratovolcanoes. At the northern end is the extinct 6025 m high Nevado Hualca Hualca , at the southern end the dormant 6288 m high Nevado Ampato and in the middle of the Sabancaya. There are several glaciers on the volcano that cover an area of 3.5 km² and reach a height of 5400 m .
Volcanic activity
The andesite stratovolcano of Sabancaya was very active in historical times: The earliest records of eruptions refer to 1695 and 1758 (according to other sources there were also possible eruptions in 1750 and 1784). After about 200 years of rest, in July 1986 satellites detected an increase in its heat emission and intense activity in December of the same year, which was followed by several eruptive phases in the following two years, which resulted in a lava dome in the volcanic crater . The most damaging period of activity began with the explosive eruptions on May 28, 1990, which continued for the next 8 years. The eruptive cycle reached a VEI 3 with more than 25 million cubic meters of liquid lava and pyroclastic sediment during this period. At the peak of activity in 1994, eruptions produced huge clouds of ash every two hours. Despite corresponding publications, the topographic maps have not been adapted since that eruptive phase; it is generally believed that the cone passed the 6000 m mark at that time. Other minor outbreaks occurred in 2000 and 2003. Several smoke and ash outbreaks occurred in November and December 2016. The authorities issued an ash alarm to residents in the area.
Volcanic Risks
Sabancaya is considered to be one of the riskiest volcanoes in Peru along with the Coropuna and the Misti . In the mid-1990s, over 8,000 people lived in the valleys on the flanks of the volcano. Its potential risks relate to lahar and pyroclastic flows in the Majes, Colca and Siguas valleys. During the 1988 eruption, livestock died in the vicinity, partly from direct inhalation of toxic volcanic gas or from eating contaminated vegetation.
Individual evidence
- ^ John Biggar: The Andes: a guide for climbers , Andes Publishing (Scotland) 2005, ISBN 0-9536087-2-7 , p. 154
- ↑ Shanaka L. De Silva, Peter Francis: Volcanoes of the Central Andes , Springer-Verlag 1991, ISBN 3-540-53706-6 | P. 27
Web links
- Sabancaya in the Global Volcanism Program of the Smithsonian Institution (English)