Ampato
| Ampato | ||
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 The Ampato is in the background. The active Sabancaya can be seen in the foreground. |
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| height | 6288 m | |
| location | southern Peru | |
| Mountains | Cordillera Volcánica , Andes | |
| Coordinates | 15 ° 49 ′ 0 ″ S , 71 ° 53 ′ 0 ″ W | |
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| Type | Stratovolcano | |
| Last eruption | Unknown | |
| First ascent | by Incas before 1450 | |
 Ampato seen from the west |
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The Ampato is a 6288 meter high, dormant stratovolcano in the Andes in southern Peru , about 100 km northwest of the city of Arequipa . It is located in the northern part of the Lluta district in the Caylloma province of the Arequipa region . It is part of a 20 km long north-south chain of three large stratovolcanoes: At the northern end is the extinct 6025 m high Nevado Hualca Hualca , in the middle the active 5976 m high Sabancaya and at the southern end the Ampato. It became known as the place where the mummy Juanita was found .
history
In September 1995, the American archaeologist and mountaineer Dr. Johan Reinhard and the Arequipa mountain guide Miguel Zárate found a pre-Columbian burial site on the Ampato . The ash from the nearby Sabancaya volcano had melted the glacier and exposed the archaeological remains. Below the summit of the Ampatos they found the frozen and mummified body of a 12-14 year old Inca girl who had been sacrificed there between 1440 and 1450. Presumably it was first drugged and then killed by a blow to the head. In October 1995 and December 1997, expeditions led by Johan Reinhard and the Peruvian archaeologist Jose Antonio Chavez found three more mummies. Since 1998 the mummy called Juanita can be seen in the Museo Santuarios Andinos.
Climbing opportunities
Most of the time, the Ampato is climbed from the east side, depending on your acclimatization and fitness level, it takes 2–4 days. The times are also based on this. The base camp, which can be reached with an off-road vehicle, is located at 4600 m . The normal route leads after 4–5 hours to the first high camp ( 5400 m ), from where you first turn north-east and then turn south over the north summit ( 6050 m ) after about six hours to reach the south-western main summit.
As a variant, the Ampato can also be climbed from the east through a kind of valley between the two highest elevations visible from the east. This route is more direct and therefore a little steeper and easily prone to falling rocks. There is a tent platform at 5600 m , still on your back, to the right of the valley entrance . The ascent times are 3–4 hours from the base camp / car depot to camp 1 and then another 4–6 hours over a 400 m wide plain to the main summit.
You should plan up to seven days for the very rarely used western route. It starts from the Colca Gorge in the village of Cabanaconde and leads over the Laguna Mucurca ( 4300 m ). Probably the Incas used this route.
See also
Web links
- The Mountain Institute: The Ice Maiden of Mt. Ampato ( Memento from February 5, 2008 in the Internet Archive )
- National Geographic Society
Individual evidence
- ^ Johan Reinhard: The Ice Maiden: Inca Mummies, Mountain Gods, and Sacred Sites in the Andes. National Geographic Society, 1st ed., 2005, ISBN 0-7922-6838-5