Sabbas Asidenus

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Sabbas or Saba Asidenos ( medium Greek Σάβ [β] ας Ἀσιδηνός ; † after 1216) was a Byzantine Magnat , which after dismantling of the Byzantine Empire in the Fourth Crusade as an independent Dynast in Sampson (ancient Priene ) in Ionia established until it is subjugated Nikaia to the Empire .

Life

The origin of the Sabbas is in the dark. In 1204, like other powerful magnates in the region such as Theodoros Mankaphas , Nikephoros Kontostephanos or Leon Gabalas , he used the power vacuum in the Byzantine Empire created by the siege and conquest of Constantinople by the Crusaders to bring Sampson and the lower Meander Valley under his control. At the end of 1205 or beginning of 1206, however, he was forced to recognize the sovereignty of the Nikaia Empire as the most important Byzantine successor state in Asia Minor .

Sabbas Asidenos surrendered to Theodor I. Laskaris without resistance and subsequently retained his influential position in the region, possibly as governor officially appointed by the emperor. He apparently even married into the Laskarid family , because in 1214 he is referred to as Συμπέθερος ("brother-in-law") of Theodor I. He also carried the title of Sebastokrator (Vice Emperor), which at that time was usually reserved for close relatives of the reigning emperor.

Sabbas Asidenos was last mentioned in 1216 in a document from a monastery in the Latmos Mountains .

swell

literature

  • Michael Angold: A Byzantine Government in Exile. Government and Society under the Laskarids of Nicaea, 1204-1261 . Oxford University Press, London 1975, ISBN 0-19-821854-0 , pp. 61, 244.
  • Yusuf Ayönü: Batı Anadolu'da Bizanslı Yerel Hâkimlerin Bağımsızlık Hareketleri (XII. Yüzyılın Sonları ve XIII. Yüzyılın Başlarında) - Independence Movements of the Local Byzantine Governors in the last century and the period of the first decade of the Anatolia during the 12th century 13th century). In: Tarih Araştırmaları Dergisi. Vol. 42, 2007, ISSN  1015-1826 , pp. 141–154 ( PDF file; 2.6 MB ), here: pp. 150–151.
  • Jean-Claude Cheynet: Pouvoir et contestations à Byzance (963-1210) (= Publications de la Sorbonne. Series Byzantina Sorbonensia. Vol. 9). Reimpression. Publications de la Sorbonne Center de Recherches d'Histoire et de Civilization Byzantines, Paris 1996, ISBN 2-85944-168-5 , p. 150 No. 213.
  • Franz Dölger : Regest of the imperial documents of the Eastern Roman Empire from 565-1453. Part 3, Volume 3: Regesten from 1204–1282 (= corpus of Greek documents from the Middle Ages and modern times. Row A: Regesten. Dept. 1, Part 3, Vol. 3). 2nd edition revised by Peter Wirth . CH Beck, Munich 1977, ISBN 3-406-00738-4 , p. 8 No. 1688.
  • Божидар Ферјанчић: Севастократори у Византији . In: Зборник радова Византолошког института . Vol. 11, 1968, ISSN  0584-9888 , pp. 141-192 ( PDF file; 4.0 MB ), here: pp. 172-173.
  • Michael F. Hendy: Catalog of the Byzantine coins in the Dumbarton Oaks Collection and in the Whittemore Collection . Vol. 4: Alexius I to Michael VIII, 1081-1261 , Part 2: The Emperors of Nicaea and Their Contemporaries (1204-1261) . Dumbarton Oaks Research Library and Collection, Washington DC 1999, ISBN 0-88402-233-1 , pp. 448, 451.
  • Guillaume de Jerphanion : Sampson et Amisos: une ville à deplacer de neuf cents kilometers . In: Orientalia Christiana Periodica. Vol. 1, 1935, ISSN  0030-5375 , pp. 257-267.
  • Alexander P. Kazhdan (Ed.): The Oxford Dictionary of Byzantium . Oxford University Press, New York NY 1991, ISBN 0-19-504652-8 , p. 207.
  • Dimitri Korobeinikov: Byzantium and the Turks in the Thirteenth Century. Oxford University Press, Oxford 2014, ISBN 978-0-19-870826-1 , pp. 55-57 and passim .
  • Dimitri Korobeinikov: A sultan in Constantinople: the feasts of Ghiyath al-Din Kay-Khusraw I . In: Leslie Brubaker, Kalliroe Linardou (eds.): Eat, Drink, and be Merry (Luke 12:19): Food and Wine in Byzantium. Papers of the 37th Annual Spring Symposium of Byzantine Studies, in Honor of Professor AAM Bryer (= Publications of the Society for the Promotion of Byzantine Studies [Great Britain]. Vol. 13). Ashgate, Aldershot 2007, ISBN 978-0-7546-6119-1 , pp. 93-108, here: p. 105.
  • Paul Orgels : Sabas Asidénos, dynaste de Sampson . In: Byzantion. Vol. 10, 1935, ISSN  0378-2506 , pp. 65-80.
  • Vincent Puech: The Aristocracy and the Empire of Nicaea . In: Judith Herrin, Guillaume Saint-Guillain (Ed.): Identities and Allegiances in the Eastern Mediterranean After 1204. Ashgate, Farnham 2011, ISBN 978-1-4094-1098-0 , pp. 69–80, here: pp. 71.
  • Alexis GC Savvides: Byzantium in the Near East: Its Relations with the Seljuk Sultanate of Rum in Asia Minor, the Armenians of Cilicia and the Mongols, AD c. 1192-1237 (= Βυζαντινά Κείμενα και Μελέται. T. 17, ISSN  1106-6180 ). Κέντρο Βυζαντινών Ερευνών - ΑΠΘ, Θεσσαλονίκη 1981, p. 60.
  • Alexis GC Savvides: Internal Strife and Unrest in Later Byzantium, XIth – XIIIth Centuries (AD 1025–1261). The Case of Urban and Provincial Insurrections (Causes and Effects). In: Σύμμεικτα KBE / EΙE. Vol. 7, 1987, ISSN  1105-1639 , pp. 237-273, here: p. 272.
  • Αλέξης Γ. Κ. Σαββίδης: Βυζαντινά στασιαστικά και αυτονομιστικά κινήματα στα Δωδεκάνησα και τη Μικρά Ασία , 1189-1240 μ.Χ .: Συμβολή στη μελέτη της υστεροβυζαντινής προσωπογραφίας και τοπογραφίας την εποχή των Αγγέλων , των Λασκαρίδων της Νίκαιας και των Μεγαλοκομνηνών του Πόντου . Δόμος, Αθήνα 1987, chap. 6, pp. 246-251.
  • Alexios G. Savvides, Benjamin Hendrickx (Eds.): Encyclopaedic Prosopographical Lexicon of Byzantine History and Civilization . Vol. 1: Aaron - Azarethes . Brepols Publishers, Turnhout 2007, ISBN 978-2-503-52303-3 , pp. 415-416.
  • Nigel Guy Wilson , Jean Darrouzès : Restes du cartulaire de Hiéra Xérochoraphion . In: Revue des études byzantines. Vol. 26, 1968, ISSN  0766-5598 , pp. 5-45, No. 2.

Web links

Remarks

  1. The historians George Finlay and William Miller identified the city with Samsun (Amisos) on the coast of the Black Sea and assumed that Sabbas had his power base here. However, in 1935 , Guillaume de Jerphanion proved that Sabbas had its seat in Sampson on the coast of the Aegean Sea . See de Jerphanion, Sampson , passim .
  2. See ODB , p. 207.
  3. See ODB, p. 207.
  4. Cf. Dölger, Regesten , No. 1688.
  5. See Puech, Aristocracy , p. 71.
  6. See Ферјанчић, Севастократори, p. 173.