Sabbathers

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Sabbatarians (also Sabbath , Sabbath-keepers , Sabbatists ; Latin Sabbatarii , Sabbatariani ) were a Sabbath-keeping movement that around the year 1528 under the influence of Oswald Glaits and Andreas Fischer within the radical Reformation Anabaptist movement in Moravia was born. At the center of her theology was the view that the Ten Commandments (Decalogue), in contrast to other commandments of the Old Testament , are not abolished in the New Testament and that the Jewish Sabbath must therefore take the place of Sunday for Christians . These thoughts were spread among others through Glaits Buchlenn of the Sabbath and Fischer's Scepastes Decalogi ( Defender of the Decalogue ). The anti-Judaist treatise by Martin Luther, published in 1538 : Against the Sabbaths to a good friend , also refers to the Anabaptist group of the Sabbathers .

history

The beginnings of the Sabbaths are closely linked to the former Roman Catholic priest and later Baptist Oswald Glait . Glait had already joined the Reformation movement around 1520 and then moved to Leoben ( Austria ). There he held the Protestant pastoral office for a few years. Persecution meant that he came to Nikolsburg ( Moravia ) in 1525 and was placed in the position of second evangelical preacher. In Nikolsburg in 1526 he met the Waldshut reformer and Anabaptist Balthasar Hubmaier , who had found refuge in the Moravian city as a religious refugee. At first he was one of Hubmaier's closest employees. But when Hans Hut appeared on his mission trip in Nikolsburg in 1528 and got into a serious theological conflict with Hubmaier, Glait joined Hans Hut and followed him on the flight to Vienna . Glait turned against those Anabaptist circles who rejected the use of the sword and therefore also the acceptance of public offices. He justified his position on this question with the validity of the Ten Commandments also for Christians. But if the commandments are still valid, then - according to Oswald Glait's argument - it is also the penalties with which non-compliance is reinforced.

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At the beginning of the 1530s, various publications appeared in which there was commentary on a Sabbath-keeping movement in Moravian.

Until 1573 the Sabbathers were listed in several lists of denominations represented in Moravia. Nevertheless, most of the Sabbatarian circles seem to have disbanded soon after the death of their leaders. Sabbath positions could therefore not last within the Anabaptist movement. Exceptions today are individual Sabbath Mennonite congregations in North America, such as the Seventh-day Mennonites.

literature

  • Martin Rothkegel : The Sabbathers. Materials and reflections on Sabbath observation in Moravian Anabaptism. In: Rolf Decot , Matthieu Arnold (ed.): Christians and Jews in the Reformation Age . Mainz 2006.
  • Martin Rothkegel: The Sabbathers. Baptist Sabbatarianism in Moravia in the 16th century . In: Sabbath and Sabbath observance in the early modern period (Ed. Anselm Schubert). Volume 217 in the series of publications by the Association for the History of the Reformation. Gütersloh publishing house: Gütersloh 2016. ISBN 978-3-579-05997-6 . Pp. 114-166

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Johann Loserth, Robert Friedmann: Glait, Oswald (d. 1546) . In: GAMEO (Global Anabaptist Mennonite Encyclopedia Online). 1956 ; accessed on April 20, 2020
  2. ↑ Martin Rothkegel: The Sabbathers. Anabaptist Sabbatarianism in Moravia in the 16th century . In: Sabbath and Sabbath observance in the early modern period (Ed. Anselm Schubert). Volume 217 in the series of publications by the Association for the History of the Reformation. Gütersloh publishing house: Gütersloh 2016. p. 121
  3. ↑ Martin Rothkegel: The Sabbathers. Anabaptist Sabbatarianism in Moravia in the 16th century . In: Sabbath and Sabbath observance in the early modern period (Ed. Anselm Schubert). Volume 217 in the series of publications by the Association for the History of the Reformation. Gütersloh publishing house: Gütersloh 2016. P. 145
  4. ↑ The data and facts in this section are based (unless otherwise stated) on Martin Rothkegel: Die Sabbater. Baptist Sabbatarianism in Moravia in the 16th century . In: Sabbath and Sabbath observance in the early modern period (Ed. Anselm Schubert). Volume 217 in the series of publications by the Association for the History of the Reformation. Gütersloh publishing house: Gütersloh 2016. pp. 114–120
  5. ^ A Seventh Day Mennonite Christian Community. Buffalo Valley Mennonite Fellowship, accessed August 25, 2011 .