Oswald Glait

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Oswald Glait (* around 1480 to 1490 in Cham ; † 1546 in Vienna ) was a German Sabbatarian Anabaptist . There is also the name form Oswald Glaidt .

Life

Glait came from Cham in the Upper Palatinate . His year of birth and the first years of his life are largely in the dark. As a former Catholic pastor, however, he joined the Lutheran Reformation at the beginning of the 1520s and worked for some time as a Protestant preacher in Leoben in Styria . From there he went to Nikolsburg in Moravia in 1525 , where there had been a Lutheran congregation led by Johannes Spittelmaier since 1524 . Two years later, Glait supported Jan Dubcansky's efforts to unite the Lutheran and Hussite utraquist communities in the Czech Republic. To this end, Glait also took part in a joint synod in Austerlitz . After its failure, Dubcansky finally founded the Habrowan Brethren, influenced by Zwinglianism , in 1528 . Glait himself turned to the radical Reformation Anabaptist movement under the influence of Balthasar Hubmaier, who was active in Nikolsburg from early summer 1526 . It was here that in 1527 he wrote his apology Osbaldi Glaidt von Chamb , in which he justified his Anabaptist-Reformation standpoint. When in the same year a theological dispute split the Nikolsburg Anabaptists into the group of Schwertler around Hubmaier and the Stäbler around Hans Hut , Glait took the side of the Stäbler and finally followed Hans Hut to Vienna . In Vienna he took part in the meetings of the baptismal community on Kärntner Strasse and at Pentecost 1527 baptized Leonhard Schiemer, who was murdered a year later . After Balthasar Hubmaier was burned in Vienna in March 1528, Glait finally turned to Liegnitz in Silesia , where Kaspar Schwenckfeld also worked. In Silesia, Glait also met Andreas Fischer . In a paper published in 1530, Glait finally advocated for the first time the idea that the celebration of the Sabbath was also binding for Christians in the new covenant . In the following months Glait stayed mainly in Prussia, but was expelled from Prussia as early as 1532 together with the Anabaptist-spiritualist theologian Johannes Bünderlin . Glait probably stayed in Falkenau in Bohemia afterwards , as there was a Sabbatarian community there until 1538. The Sabbath movement founded by Glait also seemed to have an impact on the Anabaptist congregations in the Nikolsburg area. Glait later headed an Anabaptist congregation near Jamnitz in Moravia. In 1545 Glait was arrested in Vienna and, after more than a year in prison, drowned in the Danube at night in autumn 1546 .

The hymn, Your young and old, written by an unknown author , now hear the poem praising his death as an Anabaptist martyrdom . Glait himself wrote the two songs, O Sun David, listen to my request, and let mercy and The Ten Commandments handed down. The latter was printed as a pamphlet as early as 1530 and reissued in Magdeburg in 1563.

literature

  • J. Loserth: Glait . In: Mennonite Lexicon . tape 2 . Frankfurt / M. and Weierhof (Pfalz) 1937, p. 117-119 .
  • Siegfried Wollgast: Morphology of Silesian Religiosity in the Early Modern Era: Socinianism and Anabaptism. In: Würzburg medical history reports. Volume 22, 2003, pp. 419-448; here: p. 429 f.

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