Sahnūn ibn Saʿīd

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Sahnūn ibn Saʿīd at-Tanūchī سحنون بن سعيد التنوخي, DMG Saḥnūn b.Saʿīd at-Tanūḫī (born 776 in Qairawān ; died 854 ibid) introduced the Maliki School of Law ( Madhhab ) of the school's founder, Mālik ibn Anas, in North Africa and favored its expansion as far as al-Andalus .

Double sheet from the Mudawwana, with glosses. Parchment, 11th century

On his study trip to the Islamic East, which lasted 16 years, he studied with the students of Mālik ibn Anas in Egypt , Syria and in Medina . In 806 he returned to Qairawān and asserted himself successfully as the head of the Maliki judiciary alongside the Hanafis , who were the leaders in the city, especially among the scholars of Asad ibn al-Furāt al-Harrānī .

In the last years of his life he was the city's chief qādī, holding the highest office in the legal life of North Africa.

Mudawwana

His life's work is the Mudawwana, the summary of the Medinan-Egyptian legal doctrine of the Maliki school of law, which found dissemination in the written tradition of his students. According to the current state of research, Sahnūn has left no final edition . His work lived on in various copies and in different arrangements, which were commented on several times in the following years. It was first printed in 1905–1906 in Cairo . Miklos Muranyi suspects that this first edition is based on a manuscript in private ownership from Fez , which subsequently disappeared and about which nothing is known today. In 2002 a new edition was published in the United Arab Emirates that is not based on the first edition from 1905.

His grave outside the city walls of Qairawān is still visited on Islamic festivals today.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Umar F. Abd-Allah Wymann-Landgrave: Mālik and Medina. Islamic Legal Reasoning in the Formative Period. Islamic History and Civilization , ed. by Sebastian Günther and Wadad Kadi, Vol. 101. Brill, Leiden / Boston 2013. P. 63. ISBN 978-90-04-21140-7 .

literature

  • Miklós Murányi : The law books of the Qairawāner Saḥnūn b. Saʿīd. Treatises for the customers of the Orient. Vol. LII.3. Franz Steiner, Stuttgart 1999. ISBN 3-515-07311-6
  • Miklos Muranyi: Contributions to the history of Ḥadīṯ and legal scholarship of the Mālikiyya in North Africa. Harrassowitz, Wiesbaden 1997. pp. 33-55. ISBN 3-447-03925-6
  • Fuat Sezgin : History of Arabic Literature . Brill, Leiden 1967. Vol. IS 468ff.
  • The Encyclopaedia of Islam. New Edition . Brill, suffering. Vol. 8, p. 843
personal data
SURNAME Sahnūn ibn Saʿīd
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Sahnūn ibn Saʿīd at-Tanūchī
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Founder of the Maliki school of law in North Africa
DATE OF BIRTH 776
PLACE OF BIRTH Qairawān
DATE OF DEATH 854
Place of death Qairawān