San Diego (ship)
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The San Diego was a Spanish trading galleon from the time of Philip II . The wreck has been examined by archaeological research in all areas and the finds have been shown to the public in a traveling exhibition.
history
The Spaniards had a trading post in Manila from which they traded with China and shipped the goods to the west coast of Mexico . Since other Spanish ships had already been attacked and sunk on this route, the governor of Manila, Francisco de Tello de Guzmán, ordered several ships to be armed. Two of these ships were loaded trade galleons, the San Diego and the San Bartolomé . On December 1, 1600, de Tello appointed the governor Lieutenant Antonio de Morga to command the fleet and gave him the order to sink the Dutch ships. The seven provinces of the Netherlands were at war with Spain , so the Dutch ship Mauritius, under the command of Olivier van Noort , was sent to this sea area to scout these sea areas of the Spanish.
On December 12, 1600, de Morga set sail. His ship, the San Diego , was overloaded and only lightly armed. Two days later, de Morga met the Dutch Mauritius on the island of Fortune and rammed it. Since the San Diego was heavily loaded, the gun ports could not be opened. The Mauritius was boarded and most of the rigging was destroyed. A six-hour battle ensued, in which the San Diego finally leaked and sank. Panic spread among the crew . De Morga managed to swim to the shore of Fortune. But the San Diego sank and took over 300 people with it. Olivier van Noort reached the Dutch East Indies with the badly battered ship and from there returned to Holland on August 26, 1601.
In 1992 Franck Goddio and his team succeeded in discovering the wreck (position 14 ° 3 ′ 36 ″ N , 120 ° 29 ′ 38.4 ″ E, ), and it was able to recover a total of 34,407 artifacts, including Chinese porcelain , Japanese samurai swords , Portuguese cannons and Mexican coins . The finds were shown in exhibitions around the world before being permanently exhibited in the National Museum of the Philippines .
Technical specifications
- archaeologically proven keel length : 23.73 m (42 Spanish cubits)
- reconstructed greatest width: 20 cubits
- Reconstructed length in the upper deck: 65.5 cubits
- reconstructed room depth: 13.5 cubits
- reconstructed first deck height: 10 cubits
- Load capacities calculated according to different formulas: 688 to 1,050 toneladas
- Guns (archaeological evidence):
- 1 large field snake
- 1 semi-charter
- 4 field snakes
- 3 half field snakes
- 2 falconies
- 1 falconet
- 2 stone ball cannons
Documentaries
- The Treasures of San Diego - A Dive Back In Time. ARD documentation (1997). Director: Torsten Sasse.
literature
- Jean-Paul Desroches, Gabriel Casal, Franck Goddio (eds.): Die Schätze der San Diego (= publications of the Museum für Völkerkunde, Berlin. NF 64). Argon, Berlin 1997, ISBN 3-87024-380-5 .
Web links
- Digital copy of the Bavarian State Library by Olivier van Noort's report for December 14, 1600 (ndl.)
- Report of the Philippine National Museum (pdf)
See also
Other Medieval Shipwrecks Found in the Philippines:
Footnotes
- ↑ 1 cubit = 0.565 m, Michel L'Hour: "A makeshift galleon", in: Die Schätze der San Diego , p. 150