Sand hornwort

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Sand hornwort
Sand hornwort (Cerastium semidecandrum)

Sand hornwort ( Cerastium semidecandrum )

Systematics
Nuclear eudicotyledons
Order : Clove-like (Caryophyllales)
Family : Carnation family (Caryophyllaceae)
Subfamily : Alsinoideae
Genre : Horn herbs ( Cerastium )
Type : Sand hornwort
Scientific name
Cerastium semidecandrum
L.

The sand hornwort ( Cerastium semidecandrum ), also called five-man hornwort , is a species of the genus hornwort ( Cerastium ) within the carnation family (Caryophyllaceae).

description

Herbarium evidence
inflorescence
Inflorescence, the cymes are broadly skin-margined
Inflorescence / fruit cluster, the fruit stalks are bent more or less vertically downwards.

The sand hornwort grows as a one to two year old herbaceous plant and reaches heights of 1 to 20 centimeters. The aboveground plant parts are yellow to grass green in color. It has short (up to 0.3 mm long), mostly glandular trichomes . There are no non-flowering shoots. The opposite leaves are barely more than 1.5 centimeters long and oval with a blunt or pointed upper end.

The flowering period extends from March to June. The lowest pair of bracts of the inflorescence is broadly skin-margined with only a small green central field, as are the sepals. The hermaphrodite flowers are five-fold with a double flower envelope . The five white petals are only about 1/8 of the length and are shorter than the sepals.

The fruit stalks are one to three times as long as the calyx and after withering until the beginning of ripeness directed downwards and curved at the base. The elongated, cylindrical capsule fruit is about 4.5 to 6.5 millimeters long and has ten teeth. The yellowish-brown seeds are 0.3 to 0.6 millimeters long.

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 36.

Occurrence

Cerastium semidecandrum occurs from southern Scandinavia to the Mediterranean area and extends east to Asia Minor , the Caucasus and Russia . It is also native to North Africa. It is a subatlantic-sub-Mediterranean floral element .

In Austria it is moderately common in the Pannonian region , otherwise it is scattered or rarely found, in Switzerland it is only found widespread in the warmer regions. The hornwort is common in Germany and common in many places.

The sand hornwort grows in gappy dry grass , on fields and on paths. It prefers summer-dry, moderately nutrient-rich, humus-rich, loose sand or stone gravel soils . It's a sand pointer . In Central Europe it is a character species of the association Sileno conicae-Cerastion semidecandri, but also occurs in gappy societies of the Festuco-Brometea class or the association Aperion.

literature

  • Henning Haeupler, Thomas Muer: picture atlas of the fern and flowering plants of Germany . Ed .: Federal Agency for Nature Conservation (=  The fern and flowering plants of Germany . Volume 2 ). Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2000, ISBN 3-8001-3364-4 .
  • Wolfgang Adler, Karl Oswald, Raimund Fischer: Excursion flora of Austria . Ed .: Manfred A. Fischer. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart / Vienna 1994, ISBN 3-8001-3461-6 .
  • Christian Heitz: School and excursion flora for Switzerland. Taking into account the border areas. Identification book for wild growing vascular plants . Founded by August Binz. 18th completely revised and expanded edition. Schwabe & Co., Basel 1986, ISBN 3-7965-0832-4 .
  • Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora . With the collaboration of Theo Müller. 6th, revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 1990, ISBN 3-8001-3454-3 .
  • Konrad von Weihe (ed.): Illustrated flora. Germany and neighboring areas. Vascular cryptogams and flowering plants . Founded by August Garcke. 23rd edition. Paul Parey, Berlin / Hamburg 1972, ISBN 3-489-68034-0 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . 8th edition. Verlag Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 . Page 376.

Web links

Commons : Hornwort ( Cerastium semidecandrum )  - Album with pictures, videos and audio files