Schischman House

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The House of Shishman ( Bulgarian Шишман ) was a Bulgarian Boljar family who were the tsars of Bulgaria between 1323 and 1396. Their relatives were also called Schischmaniden . The house of the Schischmanen is descended on the mother's side from the House of Assen (also called Asanes ), because the ancestral mother is a granddaughter of Iwan Assen II.

The progenitor is the Despot Schischman, the founder of the Despotat Vidin . His son Michail Schischman was elected Tsar of the Bulgarians in 1323 by the Supreme Council of Boljars (nobles below the rank of tsar). His son Iwan Stefan was only able to hold onto as a successor for a year, then was replaced by his cousin Iwan Alexander , who was descended from Schischman in the female line. Ivan Alexander was followed by his son Ivan Schischman , who had to submit to the Turks and was slain in prison in 1395. The family then dispersed in Hungary, Italy, but also in the Byzantine and Ottoman Empire .

Master list (extract)

  1. Schischman (Šišman), † 1313, founder of the Principality of Vidin
    1. Kereza Patriza Despotika; ∞ Despot Srazimir
      1. Ivan Alexander Assen Srazimirowitsch, † 1371, despot of Lovech and Kran, 1330/71 Tsar of the Bulgarians; ∞ I Teodora Bassaraba, daughter of the voivod Basarab I of Wallachia ; ∞ II Sarah, † after 1367
        1. (I) Michael Assen, X probably 1354, from 1336 Mitzar in Adrianople ; ∞ Eirene (Maria) Palaiologina, daughter of Emperor Andronikos III. ( Paleologists )
          1. Alexios Asanes, in Byzantine service around 1371
          2. ? Isaakios Asanes, † after 1429, uncle of Emperor Manuel II ( palaeologists )
        2. ? Andreas Asanes, † before 1415, cousin of Emperor Manuel II ( palaeologists )
          1. Manuel Palaiologos Asanopulos, attested in Constantinople in 1416
        3. (I) Ivan Srazimir, † after 1396, 1355/60 Mitzar of the Bulgarians, 1360/96 Prince of Vidin; ∞ Ana Slava Bessaraba, daughter of Nicolae Alexandru, Prince of Wallachia
          1. Dorothea, † before 1390, ∞ Stefan Tvrtko I , King of Bosnia ( House of Kotromanić )
          2. Constantine , † 1422
        4. (I) Iwan Assen, X 1354, around 1337 Mitzar
        5. (II) Keratza (Mara Kyratza); ∞ Emperor Andronikos IV. , † 1385 ( palaeologists )
        6. (II) Iwan Schischman , † 1395, 1360 Mitzar, 1371/93 Tsar of the Bulgarians
          1. Alexander, X 1418, 1303 Muslim, governor in Asia Minor, then in Syrmia
          2. Frutschin (Vladislav), in Hungarian service in 1433
          3. (illegitimate) Joseph II , † 1439, before 1416 Metropolitan of Ephesus, 1416/39 Patriarch of Constantinople
      2. Elena, † 1374, 1355 regent of Serbia; ∞ Stefan Uroš IV. Dušan , King of Serbia , † 1355
      3. Ioannes Komnenos (Iwan Komnenos Assen) , † before 1363, Serbian despot and governor of Valona, ​​Kanina and Berat; ∞ I NN; ∞ II Anna Palaiologina, regent of Epirus in 1341/42, daughter of Protobestiarios Andronikos Palaiologos ( palaeologists ), widow of Ioannes Komnenos Angelos, despot of Epirus ( Orsini )
        1. ? (I) Alexander, probably X 1371
        2. Kominia, † 1395/96, 1371 mistress of Valona, ​​Kanina, Berat and the Himara, 1385/95 regent
    2. Belaur , takes over the government in 1330, pretender to the throne in 1332
    3. Michail Schischman , † 1330, 1313 depot of Vidin, 1313/30 Tsar of the Bulgarians; ∞ I NN; ∞ II Anna of Serbia, regent 1330/31, † after 1346, daughter of Stefan Uroš II Milutin , King of Serbia ; ∞ III Theodora Palaiologina, daughter of Emperor Michael IX. ( Paleologists )
      1. Iwan Stefan Schischman, † probably 1373, 1330/31 Tsar of the Bulgarians, then in Italy, called Ludovicus there; ∞ NN Bâtarde d'Anjou, daughter of Philip I , Prince of Taranto ( House of Anjou )

literature

  • Detlev Schwennicke, European Family Tables , Volume II (1984) Plate 172
  • Hans-Joachim Härtel, Roland Schönfeld: The dynasty of the Šišmaniden (1323-1396) in Bulgaria. From the Middle Ages to the present. Regensburg, Friedrich Pustet Verlag, 1998, pp. 61–63, ISBN 3-7917-1540-2 .

Web links

Commons : Haus Schischman  - Collection of images, videos and audio files