Justingen Castle

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Hohenjustingen Castle stood above huts over these rocks
So far the oldest known view of Justingen Castle, from ONO, 18th century. The farm buildings are in front of the four-wing residential building. The building with the bell tower was by no means a chapel, but the castle brewery
Sibylla Gossenbrod (1479–1521), wife of Ludwig von Freyberg zu Öpfingen (1468 / 69–1545). Painting by Bernhard Strigel (around 1465 / 70–1528) in the Alte Pinakothek in Munich; this picture is very likely the one that hung in the Bergstube on the second floor of Justingen Castle in 1618

The Castle Justingen even High Justingen called, is the ruin of a castle on huts , a suburb of the city of Schelklingen on the southern edge of the Swabian Alb . Justingen Castle, built at the same location, was the ancestral seat of the noble lords of Justingen .

Georg Ludwig von Freyberg the Younger (* 1574, † Staufeneck 1631) with his second wife Barbara von Eberstein, whom he married on April 5 and 6, 1589 at Justingen Castle, 1621

history

The first documented mention of a noble family from Justingen is from 1090. Anselm von Justingen and Heinrich von Neuffen were commissioned in 1211 to bring the young Staufer Friedrich II from Sicily to Germany, as he had been elected king by the German princes after they had renounced the Guelph King Otto IV of Braunschweig .

Anselm, who rose to marshal under Emperor Friedrich, was in conflict between him and his son, King Heinrich (VII) , on the side of Heinrich, as did the Lords of Neuffen. Thereupon Friedrich II besieged the castles of the partisans of the son in 1235. After the emperor had triumphed, Justingen Castle was destroyed by the Bishop of Constance in 1236. Heinrich's followers were ostracized and he himself was imprisoned until his death in 1242. In 2012, in memory of Anselm von Justingen, a Staufer stele was placed in front of the St. Oswald Church in Justingen .

After the family of the Lords of Justingen died out in 1343, the rebuilt castle was inherited by the Lords of Stöffeln near Gönningen , and in 1494 by sale to the Lords of Stotzingen , who in 1497 immediately resold the Lordship and Castle of Justingen to Hans Kaspar von Bubenhofen . Hans Marx von Bubenhofen, son of Hans Kaspar, sold the castle and manor in 1530 to Ludwig ("Lutz") von Freyberg zu Öpfingen, who gave them to his son Georg Ludwig von Freyberg the Elder. Ä. left. Michael Ludwig von Freyberg (* around 1525; † Justingen before December 20, 1582), one of the two sons of Georg Ludwig the Elder. Elderly, who with his brother Ferdinand (* around 1525, † Öpfingen after April 19, 1583) had the rule of Justingen by lot, married Felicitas Landschad von Steinach (near Neckarsteinach in the Odenwald) before 1574 . In 1567, the couple built the renaissance castle Justingen instead of the medieval castle. On April 5th and 6th, 1589, Georg Ludwig von Freyberg the Younger, grandson of Georg Ludwig the Younger, held a great wedding at Justingen Castle. Ä. and son of Michael Ludwig, and his second wife Barbara von Eberstein ; The two wedding sermons were held in the presence of Duke Ludwig (the Pious) of Württemberg by the Württemberg court preacher Lucas Osiander the Elder . These sermons came out in print.

The barons of Freyberg were supporters of the teaching of 1539 from Ulm a. D. expelled Kaspar Schwenckfeld and granted the reformer at Justingen Castle for several years in the 1540s. Justingen Castle developed into a center of Schwenckfeldism in the second half of the 16th century. So the barons of Freyberg u. a. the brothers Adam, Johann and Nikolaus Heyden moved to Justingen Castle and in 1573 made Daniel Friedrich from Strasbourg, who had been designated from Schwenckfeld, their steward and pastor of Justingen. In 1751, the rulership and palace of Justingen were bought by Duke Carl Eugen von Württemberg , who raised merino sheep on the estate .

In 1834 the castle was sold to the municipality of Hütten and demolished: since then the remains of the former castle complex have been falling into disrepair. Today only parts of the imposing cellar vaults, which have been repaired by private initiative for several years, and the surrounding walls as well as an information board on the castle grounds with a copy of the building inscription, which was located above the castle portal, remind of the once extensive castle complex.

The castle ruins are under monument protection and were entered in the list of Schelklingen architectural monuments.

Views
2005 reconstructed section of the wall with a gate plate
Northwestern castle wall restored in 2012
Staufer column erected in 2012 in honor of Anselm von Justingen
Stauferweg between Justingen and Justingen Castle
Building inscription from Justingen Castle from 1586, copy in the Schelklingen City Museum

literature

  • Stefan Uhl: Justingen Castle. Ulm district: existence, building history and importance. Schelklingen: City Archives, 1990 (Schelklinger Hefte, 16).
  • Stefan Uhl: The renaissance castle Justingen (district of Ulm) - inventory, building history and significance . In: Burgen und Schlösser (Braubach / Rhein), Issue 1990 / II, 75–84.
  • Günter Schmitt : Castle Guide Swabian Alb, Volume 2 - Alb Middle-South: Hiking and discovering between Ulm and Sigmaringen . Biberacher Verlagsdruckerei, Biberach an der Riß 1989, ISBN 3-924489-45-9 , pp. 97-104.
  • Albert Schilling: The imperial rule of Justingen: A contribution to the history of Alb and Upper Swabia . Self-published by the author, Stuttgart 1881.
  • Julius Wais: Weller, history of the Swabian tribe . In: Schwäbischer Albverein (Hrsg.): Albführer: Walks through the Swabian Alb. Revised by Dr. rer. nat. Ruth Wais. Volume 1. Eastern part: From Ries to Hohenneuffen . 14th edition, Stuttgart 1962.
  • Konrad Albert Koch : Justingen Castle. Leaves of the Swabian Alb Association . Year 39, 1927, No. 1, columns 5–7.

Web links

Commons : Schloss Justingen  - Collection of images
Wikisource: Justingen Castle in the Topographia Sueviae (Mathäus Merian)  - sources and full texts
Wikisource: Justingen Castle in the description of the Münsingen Oberamt from 1825  - sources and full texts

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Franz Rothenbacher (ed.), The "Rothe Book" of the Justingen Empire from 1618 . Mannheim: self-published, p. 33 u. 202.
  2. ^ Eduard Winkelmann:  Justingen, Anselm von . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 14, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1881, p. 757 f.
  3. ↑ Peter Koblank: How a Staufer Stele is made. From the quarry to the inauguration in Justingen on October 7, 2012. Accessed on December 13, 2013.
  4. ↑ Lucas Osiander: An admonition from marital status, sambt a sermon (...)
  5. ↑ Heinz Schmitt:  HEYDEN, Adam. In: Biographisch-Bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon (BBKL). Volume 24, Bautz, Nordhausen 2005, ISBN 3-88309-247-9 , Sp. 835-838.  ( Article / beginning of article in Internet archive )
  6. ↑ Heinz Schmitt:  HEYDEN, Johann. In: Biographisch-Bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon (BBKL). Volume 24, Bautz, Nordhausen 2005, ISBN 3-88309-247-9 , Sp. 838-843.  ( Article / beginning of article in Internet archive )
  7. ↑ Heinz Schmitt:  HEYDEN, Nikolaus. In: Biographisch-Bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon (BBKL). Volume 24, Bautz, Nordhausen 2005, ISBN 3-88309-247-9 , Sp. 843-845.  ( Article / beginning of article in Internet archive )
  8. ↑ Heinz-Peter Mielke:  FRIEDRICH, Daniel. In: Biographisch-Bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon (BBKL). Volume 24, Bautz, Nordhausen 2005, ISBN 3-88309-247-9 , Sp. 460-461.  ( Article / beginning of article in Internet archive )
  9. ↑ The original of the building inscription with the coats of arms of the two builders is now in the Schelklingen Local History Museum. From Justingen Castle, two carved wooden pillars, which, along with many others, supported the inner gallery, and a chimney stone with an inscription.

Coordinates: 48 ° 22 ′ 29.5 ″  N , 9 ° 38 ′ 22 ″  E