Schlodien Castle
Schlodien Castle was a mansion of the von Dohna-Schlodien in Gładysze ( German Schlodien ). It has been in ruins since the fire on July 17, 1986. After a transfer of ownership, it will be rebuilt in the old style.
history
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Christoph Burggraf and Count zu Dohna from neighboring Schlobitten inherited the property in 1688. He presumably commissioned Jean de Bodt to plan and build a baroque palace that was built from 1701 to 1704. Originally, construction of the palace was to begin on a hill near Quittainen , but after two lightning strikes in the foundations that had already been set, the planning was changed. The client moved the new building to its current location, where the previous one-storey building had stood.
The construction corresponded to the wishes of King Friedrich I. The Kingdom of Prussia , which was newly founded in 1701, was to be provided with some magnificent baroque castles for reasons of cultural representation, so the castles Schlobitten (also belonging to the Dohna), Friedrichstein and Dönhoffstädt ( Count Dönhoff), Finckenstein (Count Finck von Finckenstein) and Capustigall (Count Waldburg) - the latter two should later also come to the Dohna. Of these residences, only Dönhoffstädt still exists today.
A two-story house with an H-shaped floor plan was built, which with thirteen axes represented a relatively small country palace. The building received a facade made of brick and plaster strips. The castle made an impact with its harmonious proportions and captivated the viewer with its almost reserved, closed construction. A central projection with a triangular gable emphasized the main axis of the building on both sides of the park and the driveway. The slate- covered mansard roof rounded off this impression.
The facility was continuously expanded and rebuilt. This was followed Kavalierhäuser , Orangerie and the gate house to supplement the system or adapted to the particular demands of the residents. As a further specialty, Schlodien had a separate kitchen house. As a result, all food had to be covered and protected in summer and winter and carried into the castle via the courtyard in front of it. This kitchen house was used until 1945.
While the exterior looked French, the interior was Dutch; the rich interior decoration came in part from the Dutch rule of Vianen and came to Schlodien through an inheritance from the builder's wife, his cousin Frede Marie, with whom he had grandparents Christoph zu Dohna and Ursula, née. Countess zu Solms-Braunfels , had in common. The latter had two sisters: Amalie zu Solms-Braunfels , who was married to the Dutch governor Prince Friedrich Heinrich von Oranien , and Louise Christina, who had married the Dutch army chief Johann Wolfart van Brederode , Herr auf Vianen. The heirlooms, including valuable furniture and paintings of Dutch origin, life-size portraits of the Orange and Brederode in the tiled hall, Flemish tapestries, wall coverings with painted mock architecture, Chinese porcelain, the Orange Cabinet with portraits in the style of Gerard van Honthorst , made Schlodien's furnishings a thematic “side piece zum Huis ten Bosch ” ( Udo von Alvensleben ) , the Palais Amalies in The Hague. Through this connection there was also a relationship to Amalie's grandchildren, the kings Wilhelm III. of England and Frederick I of Prussia .
A baroque park based on a design by Carl-Florus Dohna in the Dutch style surrounded the house, with an encircling canal into which small bastions protruded, canals that divided the garden into islands and in the central axis a wide avenue into the forest. However, around 1800 the baroque park was transformed into an English landscape garden. During this time, a Chinese tea house and a children's house in the park in the style of an Oberland farmhouse were built. A greenhouse was used to store the sensitive bitter orange trees in winter . There was a large orchard to the side of the park. A comprehensive revision of the entire park took place in 1867 according to plans by the Bydgoszcz gardening director Johann Larass .
To the south-west of the palace complex there was an associated Vorwerk about 300 meters away .
Until January 1945, Schlodien was owned by the Burgraves and Counts of Dohna and was inhabited by them. After the capture by the Red Army , the castle, which had been intact until then, was looted.
The farm was converted into a state production company and the castle was used as a grain store and later as a discotheque. A longer vacancy followed. Some of the furnishings, especially ancestral portraits, have been preserved and are now exhibited in museums in Olsztyn and Morąg .
Efforts to save the facility were destroyed by a fire in 1986. Today only the burned out outer walls are preserved. The Polish-German Foundation for the Protection of the Cultural Heritage in Warmia, based in Warsaw, has set itself the goal of rebuilding the ruins and restoring the park. Parts of the castle are listed buildings.
Gut and Schloss were acquired by a German entrepreneur based in Poland around 2010. The ruins of the castle were laid down in the summer of 2017, except for the cellars. Immediately afterwards, the faithful reconstruction of the castle began using the historical cellar rooms. Reconstruction will continue in 2018.
Noble family "zu Dohna-Schlodien"
The last burgrave was Nikolaus Graf zu Dohna-Schlodien .
Exterior
The castle was very similar to Neuwied Castle , which could be due to the fact that Prince zu Wied was related by marriage to the client.
interior
Some of the pictures from the castle were relocated before the fire and are in the Museum of Warmia and Mazury at Olsztyn Castle ; the much larger part was moved to the Dohna-Schlösschen Mohrungen , where it can be viewed.
More buildings
The castle includes an external kitchen building, a stables, an estate church and a mausoleum. All buildings are still there, but are in a ruinous state.
literature
- Wulf D. Wagner: Stops on a coronation trip - castles and manor houses in East Prussia. Exhibition catalog. Berlin 2001
Web links
- Virtual reconstruction of Schlodien Castle as part of the project Virtual Reconstructions in Transnational Research Environments - The Portal: Palaces and parks in the former East Prussia
Individual evidence
- ↑ Udo von Alvensleben (art historian) , visits before the downfall, aristocratic seats between Altmark and Masuria , compiled from diary entries and edited by Harald von Koenigswald, Frankfurt / M.-Berlin 1968, pp. 40–41
- ↑ Wykaz zabytków nieruchomych wpisanych do rejestru zabytków. Wilczęta - gm. Gładysze. December 31, 2017, p. 15 , accessed November 8, 2018 (Polish).
Coordinates: 54 ° 9 ′ 23.8 ″ N , 19 ° 55 ′ 12.5 ″ E