Narrow-billed wren
| Narrow-billed wren | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
_-_Troglodytidae_-_bird_skin_specimen.jpeg)
Narrow-billed wren ( Hylorchilus sumichrasti ) |
||||||||||||
| Systematics | ||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||
| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Hylorchilus sumichrasti | ||||||||||||
| ( Lawrence , 1871) |
The narrow-billed Wren ( Hylorchilus sumichrasti ) is a bird art from the family of wrens (Troglodytidae), which in Mexico is endemic is. The IUCN assesses the population as Near Threatened . The species is monotypical .
features
The narrow-billed wren reaches a body length of about 16.0 cm, with the females weighing about 28.4 g. The upper side including the flight feathers is evenly chocolate brown, a little more reddish brown on the back. Unclear and inconspicuous stripes adorn the wings. The throat is whitish brown, the chest orange-brown, the belly a splendid chocolate brown with distinct white spots. The eyes are brown, the bill blackish with an orange-yellow base on the lower beak. The legs are dark gray. Both sexes are similar. Young animals have a dull yellow-brown throat with fuzzy scales. White polka dots adorn the belly.
Behavior and nutrition
The narrow-billed wren feed for the most part on invertebrates, especially worms , spiders , mites , beetles and beaked beetles . Very unusual for wrens, smaller snakes are also regularly on their menu. It also feeds on smaller fruits. It usually looks for its food on lichen by examining the crevices with its long beak. It also hurls fallen leaves around in search of prey and makes short jump trips to catch flying insects, including moths .
Vocalizations
The singing of the male narrow-billed wren consists of two different types of song. One is a series of loud, clear, haunting whistles that begin with a series of short tones and end in a long series of slow, waning whistles. The other is a shorter three to five note verse that occasionally changes pitch. The female's song is very diverse and consists of a monosyllabic repeated series of four to twenty-two tones. The singing is very different from the Navazaunig ( Hylorchilus navai ), so that none of the other species respond to the sounds of recordings of the other species. His sounds include clear, haunting chuk tones, a squeaky vio and various scolding tones.
Reproduction
Little research has been done into its breeding biology. In March he was observed building nests, in May nests with eggs were discovered. From July and August there are reports of nestling feeding by adult birds. Of three known nests, two were built in crevices and one on the roof of a limestone cave. Data on the incubation period and the time until the nestlings fledge do not yet exist. Two fledglings from the same nest were fed separately, each by one parent. Occasionally they stayed together and were then looked after by both parents.
distribution and habitat
The narrow-billed wren occurs in limited areas in wooded rocky outcrops of karst limestone, including shady coffee plantations with limestone. Here it moves at altitudes of 75 to 1000 meters.
migration
The narrow-billed wren is considered a resident bird .
Etymology and history of research
The first description of the narrow-billed wren was in 1871 by George Newbold Lawrence under the scientific name Catherpes sumichrasti . The type specimen was collected by Labarraque in Mata Bejuco (district of Juan Rodríguez Clara ) and ended up in the collection of François Sumichrast . As early as 1897, Edward William Nelson introduced the Hylorchilus genus for the narrow- billed wren, which was new to science . This name is derived from "hylē ὑλη " for "forest, forest" and "orkhilos ορχιλος " for "wren". The species name »sumichrasti« is dedicated to the owner of the type specimen.
literature
- Donald Eugene Kroodsma, David Brewer in: Josep del Hoyo , Andrew Elliott, Jordi Sargatal , David Andrew Christie , Eduardo de Juana: Sumichrast's Wren (Hylorchilus sumichrasti) in Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive . Lynx Edicions, Barcelona.
- James A. Jobling: Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names . Christopher Helm, London 2010, ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4 .
- George Newbold Lawrence: Descriptions of New Species of Birds of the Families Troglodytidæ and Tyrannidæ . In: Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia . tape 23 , 1871, pp. 233-237 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
- Edward William Nelson: Preliminary Descriptions of New Birds from Mexico and Guatemala in the Collection of the United States Department of Agriculture . In: The Auk . tape 14 , no. 1 , 1897, p. 42–76 ( sora.unm.edu [PDF; 1.5 MB ]).
Web links
- Hylorchilus sumichrasti inthe IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2019.3. Listed by: BirdLife International, 2018. Retrieved February 18, 2020.
- BirdLife International: Species Factsheet - Sumichrast's Wren ( Hylorchilus sumichrasti ) . Retrieved February 18, 2020.
- Videos, photos and sound recordings of Sumichrast's Wren (Hylorchilus sumichrasti) in the Internet Bird Collection
- Narrow-billed wren ( Hylorchilus sumichrasti ) at Avibase; accessed on February 18, 2020.
- Hylorchilus sumichrasti in the Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS). Retrieved February 18, 2020.
- xeno-canto: Sound recordings - Narrow-beaked wren ( Hylorchilus sumichrasti )
- Sumichrast's Wren (Hylorchilus sumichrasti) in the Encyclopedia of Life . Retrieved February 18, 2020.