Schollbergstrasse
The Alte Schollbergstrasse was completed in 1492 as the first "national" driveway of the Old Confederation . The Alte Landstrasse (SG 3.1) led from Werdenberg to Sargans and overcame the key point of the left bank of the Rhine Valley route on Schollberg, which had to be used to avoid the “wild” Rhine at the time.
The sections that have not been re-barbarized or are overprinted by the state road SG 3.2 (cantonal road from 1822) are considered historical traffic routes of national importance according to the inventory of historic traffic routes in Switzerland (IVS). After the construction of the Kantonsstrasse in 1822, the old Schollbergstrasse lost its previous importance.
history
In Roman times the road on the right bank of the Rhine over the St. Luzisteig was the main north-south connection. The left bank of the Rhine led over the Saumpass Matug near Trübbach , since the Rhine reached the foot of the Schollberg until around 1850 ( Rhine correction ). As unique blocking points, Luzisteig and Matug were paved early on.
When the counties of Sargans and Werdenberg were taken over by the seven federal towns in 1483, they needed a better connection with the newly acquired areas on the other side of the Schollberg. The Schollbergstrasse from Sargans through the Howand to Trübbach was intended to replace the mule track over Matug, which is more than 200 m higher. In 1490, at the meeting in Lucerne , the Federal Locations decided to build a road as a trade and military route over the Schollberg.
The 2.5 meter wide road, completed in 1492, turned into a loss for the contractor Michel Prentel from the Adige Valley . The Thirteen Old Places could barely cover the high costs of maintenance with customs revenue. The road, which was rivaled by the road on the right bank of the Rhine via the Luziensteig, had to be adapted again and again to the wishes of the merchants (widening due to larger wagons, etc.). The steep and slippery terrain often caused damage. The first major renovation of the street on Schollberg took place in 1790.
In Vild , near the key point of Schollbergstrasse, a horse exchange point, a salt factory and a customs station for collecting customs duties were built. The Zoll zu Vild was mentioned as early as 1490 in one of the first official accounts of the Sargans bailiff.
The canton of St. Gallen, which joined the Swiss Confederation in 1803, was able to open the new Schollbergstrasse on a dam at the foot of the Schollberg in 1822 as part of the expansion of the connection on the left bank of the Rhine valley.
The route of the old Schollbergstrasse, which was no longer in use, was buried and overgrown over time. Stone quarrying and fortress constructions blocked the way and at the large quarry the lines were completely interrupted. The Alte Landstrasse has been preserved where it was raised above the Rhine plain, such as on the Holenweg (section SG 3.1.2) and on the Schollberg (Maziferchopf, section SG 3.1.3). The parts that run through the Rhine plain were over-shaped by the SG 3.2 state road in the 19th century or reurbarized as part of the extensive amelioration of the Rhine Valley.
Restoration as a hiking trail
In the years 2010 to 2012, the route was repaired using traditional structural measures (cement-free special mortar and limestone from the region) and thus upgraded in terms of monument preservation and ecology. In order to be able to restore the original dimensions and the course of the old Schollbergstrasse, archaeologists made exploratory cuts beforehand.
During the restoration, the original road layout was retained where possible. A bypass tunnel was built in 2014 for the section of the road that was destroyed by the large quarry.
On September 20, 2014, the old Schollbergstrasse was reopened as a hiking trail. It is to form an impressive section of the Via Rhenana , which is to be extended from Lake Constance to Graubünden on behalf of the St. Gallen authorities.
Footbridge over the Howand
Howand
Information board on the hiking trail
literature
- Otto Ackermann: The Schollbergstrasse until the end of the bailiff's time. In: Werdenberger Jahrbuch 1997, pp. 43–59. Book 1996
- [1] Cornel Doswald: The old Schollbergstrasse - from archaeological findings to regional hiking trails . Geomatics Switzerland: Geoinformation and land management. Volume 113, 2015, Issue 1
Web links
- Wartau community: Completion of work on Alte Schollbergstrasse
- Sarganserland-Walensee: detailed picture documentation and history of the old Schollbergstrasse
Individual evidence
- ^ IVS documentation Canton St. Gallen 3: (Rheineck -) Werdenberg - Sargans (- Chur)
- ↑ Sargans: Magazine from July 2015
- ↑ IVS object: SG 3.1.3 Trübbach – Vlid; Schollberg: Practical example Schollbergstrasse Wartau (SG)
- ^ Sarganserland-Walensee: The old Schollbergstrasse in the past and today
- ^ Ostschweizer Tagblatt dated September 16, 2014: The Alte Schollbergstrasse opens
Coordinates: 47 ° 3 '58 " N , 9 ° 27' 56.4" E ; CH1903: seven hundred fifty-three thousand nine hundred sixty-two / 214775