Blankenburg School Authority

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The Blankenburg School Authority was an administrative facility of the Joachimsthal School in Berlin with its official seat in Blankenburg in the Uckermark district (Brandenburg). In 1656 the then Markbrandenburg sovereign Friedrich Wilhelm assigned the place Blankenburg (or the income from the place) to the grammar school for the maintenance of the grammar school. Later some other possessions were added in the Uckermark as well as the Dambeck office in the Altmark . The Joachimsthal Gymnasium set up an administrative office ( school office ) in Blankenburg , which was responsible for the management of the associated farms and for collecting land taxes and other levies. The five school offices were used to finance the running of the Joachimsthal Gymnasium. The Blankenburg school authority was leased at the beginning of the 18th century and was dissolved in 1872/74. The outworks remained in the direct possession of the Joachimsthal Gymnasium and were leased.

history

The Joachimsthal Gymnasium was founded in Joachimsthal in 1607 . In 1635 teachers and students fled to Berlin from the turmoil of the Thirty Years' War . After regular school operations were resumed (around 1656), the Elector Friedrich Wilhelm gave the village of Blankenburg and a share in the village of Bertikow, which he separated from the office of Gramzow-Seehausen, to the Joachimsthalschen Gymnasium, which retained its name even after moving to Berlin . In the further course of the story, the bailiff of the Gramzow office did not want to accept this loss and litigated against the separation or the return of these properties until King Friedrich Wilhelm I finally decided the matter in favor of the grammar school in 1726. The Gramzow-Seehausen office was formed from the possessions of the secularized monasteries in Gramzow and Seehausen.

Little is known about the beginnings of the Cistercian convent in Seehausen . Its existence is first documented in a letter of indulgence from the Bishop of Kammin on November 19, 1250. Through donations and purchases, a small, closed monastery property consisting of eight villages (1592) was created around the monastery. The church visitation took place in Prenzlau in 1543, but a farewell is not recorded. It is not known whether the monastery continued to exist until 1545. In any case, the end of the monastery was sealed with the fire of 1545 and it was never rebuilt. In the 18th century there were still remains of the wall, today there are no more remains above ground.

From the possessions of the also repealed Prämonstratenserstiftes Gramzow was office Gramzow formed, which includes the possessions of the monastery repealed Seehausen were transferred. The Gramzow Office therefore appears in the literature as the Granzow-Seehausen Office. Remnants of the monastery church have been preserved from the Gramzow monastery.

Already in the second half of the 17th century, the Joachimsthalsche Gymnasium in Blankenburg had set up an official administration, which was later called Schulamt Blankenburg . The property comprised a total of around 3,000 hectares. The accessories of the Blankenburg school authority at a glance:

  • Bertikov . In 1552 the von Arnim ceded a third of the village in exchange for an electoral share in Berkholz and referred him to the office of Gramzow-Seehausen. In 1664 this share came to the Joachimsthalsche Gymnasium together with Blankenburg, which later had it administered by the Blankenburg School Authority.
  • Blankenburg . Blankenburg was gradually acquired by the Seehausen monastery and was fully owned by the monastery in the 16th century. With the secularization of the monastery property it came to the office of Gramzow-Seehausen, in 1664 the village was transferred to the grammar school. In 1863 the Vorwerk in Blankenburg had a size of 2370 2/3 acres, of which 1585 1/2 acres were fields, 151 5/6 meadows, 430 1/3 pastures. The total lease for the Blankenburg and Neuhof farms totaled 3,404 thalers.
  • Karlshof . The Lehnschulzengut with three hooves also belonged to the village of Blankenburg. Before 1818, District Councilor August Karbe built a Vorwerk on the land of the Lehnschulzengut, which was called Karlshof.
  • Melzow . Since 1664 the mutton stables in Melzow belonged to the Blankenburg school authority as well as a meadow
  • Neuhof (1801: Vorwerk ). The Vorwerk on the Warnitz district (123980) had to be ceded in 1686 by the Gramzow office to the Blankenburg school office. According to Adolf Frantz, the Vorwerk had a size of 658 5/6 acres in 1863, of which 627 2/3 acres were arable and 13 5/6 acres were meadows

In 1822 there was a separation between the municipalities of Melzow and Warnitz, combined with the replacement of the long-term lease to be paid to the Blankenburg school authority for sheep herding.

In 1828, the Blankenburg school authority granted permission to build a Roßschrot mill in Blankenburg. Presumably it was the windmill on the Mühlenberg, southeast of Blankenburg.

With the recession of October 16, 1830 with eight farm owners in Blankenburg, the services to be rendered by the school office were replaced.

With Trinity in 1859, tenant Karl Karbe took over the Blankenburg and Neuhof farms. According to the general address book from 1879, the Blankenburg school authority estate (with Neuhof) had a size of 804 hectares, of which 686 hectares were arable, 49 hectares of meadows, one hectare of Hutung and 68 hectares of forest. The property tax net income was 12,828 marks.

The Blankenburg school authority was dissolved with the district reform of 1872/74. The sovereign administrative tasks (collecting of levies and police force) were transferred to the district, or transferred to the administrative districts formed in 1874. However, the outworks remained in the possession of the grammar school. The Karlshof farm had been sold in the meantime. The Vorwerke Blankenburg and Neuhof, which remained in the possession of the grammar school, came to the district 1 Seehausen in the Angermünde district. School leaseholder Steinicke in Seehausen was appointed head of office, and the landowner Wölle auf Warnitz was his deputy. The Vorwerke in Blankenburg and Neuhof formed their own manor district. In the general address book of the manor and landowners in the German Empire from 1879, the Vorwerk in Blankenburg is referred to as the Schulamtsgut of the Joachimthal'schen Schulamt .

For Schulgut Blankenburg included a distillery. In 1885 the size of the two farms had increased to 821 hectares, of which 701 hectares were arable, 50 hectares were meadows, one hectare was Hutung and 69 hectares were water. The property tax net income was set at 12,829 marks. Hans Karbe was the tenant of the estate.

In 1907 Richard Graef leased the two farms with a total size of 829 hectares, of which 695 hectares were arable, 53 hectares were meadows, one hectare was Hutung, 12 hectares of land and 68 hectares of water. 75 horses, 250 cattle, 120 cows, 50 sheep and 24 pigs were kept on the farm. The property tax entry was set at 12,850 marks.

The two Vorwerke Blankenburg and Neuhof formed their own manor district, which was only combined with the municipality of Blankenburg to form the rural municipality of Blankenburg in 1928. In 1970 Neuhof was spun off from the municipality of Blankenburg and attached to the municipality of Warnitz.

Officials and tenants (overview)

The Blankenburg school authority was already leased at the beginning of the 18th century. The tenants later received official titles such as B. District Councilor.

  • 1706–24 Anna Peschke, tenant
  • (since 1806) 1839 August Karbe, councilor
  • 1848 Mrs. Widow Karbe (Wilhelmine nee von Baerensprung), councilor
  • 1859–83 Karl August Karbe, tenant of the Blankenburg and Neuhof farms
  • 1868 Karl Karbe, Oberamtmann, in 1870 he was awarded the title of Amtsrat (h)
  • 1874 Degenhardt, administrator or landlord (note: the domain lease and domain rent offices were received with the introduction of the district order on December 13, 1872 ) .
  • 1879 Mrs. Karbe
  • 1885 Hans Karbe, tenant
  • 1896 Karbe, tenant
  • 1903 Richard Graef, Ltn. D. G.-L.
  • 1907 Richard Graef, lessee
  • 1914 R. Graef, Kgl. Chief bailiff
  • 1921 Frau Oberamtmännin Gräf, tenant
  • 1923 Mrs. Oberamtmännin E. Graef, tenant, Gloatz, administrator
  • 1929 Wildgrube, administrator

literature

  • Lieselott Enders: Historical local dictionary for Brandenburg. Part VIII Uckermark. Hermann Böhlaus Successor, Weimar, 1986 ISBN 3-7400-0042-2 (in the following abbreviated to Enders Historisches Ortslexikon, Uckermark, with corresponding page number)
  • Erich Wetzel: Festschrift for the three hundredth anniversary of the Königl. Joachimsthalschen Gymnasium on August 24, 1907. Bookstore of the orphanage, Halle (Saale) 1907 ( archive.org ).
  • Berthold Schulze: Property and settlement history statistics of the Brandenburg authorities and cities 1540-1800. Supplement to the Brandenburg office map. Individual writings of the historical commission for the province of Brandenburg and the imperial capital Berlin, Volume 7, 190 pp., Im Kommissionsverlag von Gsellius, Berlin, 1935.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Felix Bierbaum, Katrin Frey: The nunnery of Seehausen in the Uckermark. City of Prenzlau, Prenzlau 2014 (also publications by the Dominican Monastery Prenzlau, vol. 2)
  2. ↑ René Schiller: From the manor to the large estate: economic and social transformation processes of the rural elites in Brandenburg in the 19th century. 587 pp., Berlin, Akademie-Verlag 2003 ISBN 3-05-003449-1 , p. 197
  3. ↑ a b c Adolf Frantz: General register of lordships, knights' and other goods of the Prussian monarchy with information on the area, yield, property tax, owner, purchase and tax prices. 117 p., Verlag der Gsellius'schen Buchhandlung, Berlin, 1863, p. 13.
  4. ↑ Enders, Historisches Ortslexikon, Uckermark, p. 115 (Brandmühle)
  5. ↑ Brandenburgisches Landeshauptarchiv: Online research: Lawsuit filed by the Karbe District Council against the Melzow community for refusing to pay the long-term rent for a meadow belonging to the Blankenburg School Authority. 1808
  6. ^ Historical local dictionary, Uckermark, p. 704 (Neuhof)
  7. ^ Brandenburgisches Landeshauptarchiv: Online research: Separation of herds between the communities of Melzow and Warnitz and replacement of the lease canon to be paid to the Blankenburg school authority for sheep herding. 1822-1838
  8. ↑ Brandenburgisches Landeshauptarchiv: Online research: Permission to build a Roßschrotmühle in the Blankenburg school authority. 1828
  9. ^ Brandenburgisches Landeshauptarchiv: Online research: Recession dated October 16, 1830 with 8 farm owners in Blankenburg about the replacement of the services to be rendered to the school office. 1827-1830, 1873
  10. ^ A b c Paul Ellerholz, H. Lodemann, H. von Wedell: General address book of the manor and landowners in the German Empire. With details of the properties, their size (in Culturart), their net income from property tax, their tenants, branches of industry and post offices. I. The Kingdom of Prussia. I. Delivery The Province of Brandenburg. 311 pp., Nicolaische Verlags-Buchhandlung R. Stricker, Berlin 1879, PDF , pp. 8–9.
  11. ^ A b Official Gazette of the Royal Government of Potsdam and the City of Berlin, supplement to the 28th issue of the Official Gazette of June 12, 1874, p. 1. Online at Google Books
  12. ^ A b Paul Ellerholz: Handbook of real estate in the German Empire. With indication of all goods, their quality, their size (in culture type); your property tax net income; their owners, tenants, administrators etc .; of industries; Postal stations; Breeding of special cattle, exploitation of livestock etc. I. The Kingdom of Prussia. I. Delivery: Province of Brandenburg. 2nd improved edition, 340 p., Berlin, Nicolaische Verlagsbuchhandlung, 1885, p. 150/51.
  13. ↑ a b Paul Niekammer (ed.): Goods address book of the province of Brandenburg. List of all goods with details of the property's properties, the net income from property tax, the total area and the area of ​​the individual crops, livestock, all industrial facilities and telephone connections, details of the property, tenants and administrators, the post, telegraph and railway stations and their removal from the estate, the Protestant and Catholic parishes, the registry office districts, the city or administrative districts, the chamber, regional and local courts, the Landwehr districts as well as an alphabetical register of places and persons and a manual of the royal authorities of the province. 271 pp., Leipzig, Paul Niekammer, Stettin, 1907, pp. 2/3.
  14. ^ Brandenburgisches Landeshauptarchiv: Online research: dispute with the tenant Anna Peschke (Päschke, Petsche) who has been expelled from the Blankenburg school authority; 1706-1724
  15. ↑ Handbook on the royal Prussian court and state for the year 1839. 651 p., Berlin, Georg Decker, 1839 (p. 262)
  16. ↑ Georg Christoph Hamberger, Johann Georg Meusel and Johann Wilhelm Sigismund Lindner: The learned Teutschland, or Lexicon of the now living German writers , Volume 23, p. 92, Im Verlag der Meyerschen Hof-Buchhandlung, Lemgo, 1834 Online at Google Books
  17. ↑ Handbook on the royal Prussian court and state for the year 1848. 869 p., Berlin, Georg Decker, 1848 (p. 316)
  18. ↑ Brandenburgisches Landeshauptarchiv: Lease and other contracts for the Blankenburg school authority: among other things: ... Contract of September 22nd, 1858 with the chief magistrate Karl Karbe in Blankenburg on the leasing of the Blankenburg and Neuhof farms belonging to the Blankenburg school authority for the period from 19 June 1859 to June 24, 1883 ...
  19. ↑ Handbook on the royal Prussian court and state for the year 1868. 963 p., Berlin, Georg Decker, 1868 (p. 466)
  20. ^ Official Journal of the Royal Government of Potsdam and the City of Berlin, Issue 15 of April 15, 1870, p. 109. Online at Google Books
  21. ↑ Handbook on the royal Prussian court and state for the year 1875. 1108 S., Berlin, Georg Decker, 1874 Online at Google Books (p. 364)
  22. ↑ Paul Ellerholz, Ernst Kirstein, Traugott Müller, W. Gerland and Georg Volger: Handbuch des Grundbesitz im Deutschen Reiche. With indication of all goods, their quality, their size and type of culture; your property tax net income; their owners, tenants, administrators etc .; of industries; Post, telegraph and railroad stations; Breeding of special breeds of animals; Exploitation of the livestock etc. I. The Kingdom of Prussia. I. Delivery: Province of Brandenburg. 3rd improved edition, 310 pp., Berlin, Nicolaische Verlagsbuchhandlung, 1896, pp. 146/47.
  23. ^ Ernst Kirstein (editor): Handbook of real estate in the German Empire. With indication of all goods, their quality, their size and type of culture; your property tax net income; their owners, tenants, administrators etc .; of industries; Post, telegraph and railroad stations; Breeding of special breeds of animals; Exploitation of the livestock etc. I. The Kingdom of Prussia. I. Delivery to the province of Brandenburg. 4th improved edition, LXX + 321 p., + 4 p., Nicolaische Verlags-Buchhandlung, Berlin, 1903, p. 146/47.
  24. ^ Ernst Seyfert (ed.): Goods address book for the province of Brandenburg. List of all manors, estates and larger farms in the province with details of the property properties, the net income from property tax, the total area and area of ​​the individual crops, livestock, all industrial facilities and telephone connections, details of the property, tenants and administrators of the Post, telegraph and railway stations and their distance from the estate, the Protestant and Catholic parishes, the registry office districts, the city and administrative districts, the higher regional, regional and local courts, an alphabetical register of places and persons, the manual of the royal authorities as well a map of the province of Brandenburg at a scale of 1: 1,000,000. XLV, 433 pp., Reichenbach'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, Leipzig, 1914, pp. 2/3.
  25. ↑ R. Stricker, with the participation of the authorities and chambers of agriculture (ed.): Handbuch des Grundbesitzes im Deutschen Reiche. Brandenburg Province. Complete address book of all manors, estates and larger farms with details of the owners, tenants and administrators, the post, telegraph and railway stations and their distance from the property, as well as the telephone connections, the property property, the property tax net income, the total area and the area of ​​the individual crops, livestock, livestock exploitation, animal breeding and special crops, industrial facilities, courts and administrative districts, along with an alphabetical register of places and persons, an overview of the agricultural and structural conditions of the respective part of the country, a directory of the agricultural authorities and associations, cooperatives and industrial companies, as well as an exact map. 6th completely revised edition, 296 pp., Nicolaische Verlags-Buchhandlung, Berlin, 1921, pp. 136/37.
  26. ^ Oskar Koehler (arrangement), Kurt Schleising (introduction): Niekammer's agricultural goods address books. Agricultural goods address book of the province of Brandenburg: Directory of all manors, estates and larger farms in the province of approx. 30 hectares upwards with details of property properties, net income from property tax, the total area and the area of ​​the individual crops, livestock, all industrial plants and the telephone connections, details of the owners, tenants and administrators, the post, telegraph and railway stations and their distance from the property, the Protestant and Catholic parishes, the registry office districts, the city and official districts, the higher regional, regional and local courts, one alphabetical place and person registers, the manual of the royal authorities and a map in the scale 1: 175.0000. I-XXXII, 343 p., Reichenbach'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, Leipzig, 1923, p. 5.
  27. ↑ Ernst Seyfert, Hans Wehner, Alexander Haußknecht, Ludwig Hogrefe (eds.): Agricultural address book of the manors, estates and farms of the province of Brandenburg: List of all manors, estates and farms from approx. 20 ha upwards with information on the property, the total area and the area of ​​the individual crops, the livestock, the company's own industrial facilities and telephone connections, details of the owners, tenants and administrators, the post, telegraph and railway stations and their distance from the property, the regional and local courts, an alphabetical register of places and persons , a directory of the most important government agencies and agencies, agricultural associations and corporations. 4th increased and improved edition, 464 p., Leipzig, Verlag von Niekammer's address books, Leipzig, 1929 (Niekammer's goods address books Volume VII), p. 5.

Coordinates: 53 ° 13 ′ 0 ″  N , 13 ° 56 ′ 0 ″  E