School history (Gleiritsch)

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Gleiritsch's first schoolhouse from 1840
Plan for the school house
Plan for the school house

The school history of Gleiritsch is closely related to the church history of the place, as the “Königlich Baierische-Lokal-Schul-Inspection Waidenthal” supervised the school in Gleiritsch .

School history of Gleiritsch

Introduction of compulsory schooling

As in the rest of Germany, the beginnings of elementary schools go back well beyond the 19th century. The schools were mostly under ecclesiastical care. They were therefore in private hands, and school attendance was only possible for certain shifts. On the other hand, a large part of the rural population did not see the need for schooling. With the enactment of the “Electoral School Regulations” from 1770 and the school mandate from 1771 under Elector Maximilian III. Joseph made a first attempt by the government to introduce compulsory education. Parents should, according to the regulation, “whoever they are (excluding civil servants) send their children to public schools without exception”.

School community Gleiritsch

For the time being, it remained with goodwill, because the order underlined with the threat of official punishment could not be fulfilled, as soon became apparent in the school community of Gleiritsch. The essential prerequisites for their implementation were missing. In Gleiritsch neither the “financial nor the spatial conditions” were available, nor did the parents show any great interest in the innovation. Because the children went to school, they lacked labor.

There was also a lack of organized teacher training, which was an essential basis for such a project. At the beginning of the 19th century , this emergency improved with the creation of teachers' seminars, for example in Amberg in 1804 . With the reform work undertaken under Minister Maximilian von Montgelas , there was a second attempt to reorganize the school system. In 1802 the state took over the highest school supervision, anchored the general compulsory education in the same year and in 1803 established the compulsory Sunday school in law. The local school inspectorate was now under the responsibility of the clergy. The local pastor of Weidenthal, as the local school inspector, supervised the teachers and lessons in Gleiritsch, since the place belonged to the parish of Weidenthal. The newly introduced compulsory schooling required school attendance “from the 6th to the completed 12th year” throughout the year. For a long time, the Gleiritsch school community, like other rural communities, faced major problems with the provision of premises.

It all started in the "school rooms" (1810)

A school visit protocol from 1810 reports on the beginnings of a regular school life in Gleiritsch, the lessons and the accommodation of the pupils. “The Graf Kreithsche Patrimonial-Schule Gleiritsch is visited and counted by the children of the school town Gleiritsch , Bernhof , Lampenricht and Steinach 43 pupils and 38 pupils ”. The 81 students are visitors to the weekday school. Lessons took place Monday through Saturday. After the end of the weekday school, there was an obligation to attend school on Sundays and public holidays up to the age of 18. Classes took place on public holidays and Sundays. “All the more regrettable the school friend must be the sight of the school house, which, with the considerable number of 81 school-age children and children who attend school diligently and relentlessly, is so completely disproportionate that the children are crumbling like herrings, one on the other push and push .... "A few lines further it says:" In addition, this school room, this school kitchen, one would like to say, has such small windows that even deprive the children of the necessary light, especially on dull winter days see the necessary brightness fails in such a way that only four children, who lean back against the little window and can only see and read while standing ”. The first decades of Gleiritsch school history took place in private houses, as there was no school house of its own. The "houses Liebl (20), Zimmermann (16) and Schloßbauer (7)" are given as school rooms. The visitation protocol from 1810 also reports on the course content. In addition to the subjects of prayer and religion, the teacher gave grades in writing, arithmetic, diligence and behavior. Some practical subjects were also taught. "... the teacher does not fail to instruct his pupils in the most necessary practical knowledge of agriculture, fruit, tree and bee-keeping".

In 1823, teacher Georg Schmidschneider complained in a letter to the “Royal Bavarian Government of the Rain District” about the conditions in the school town of Gleiritsch. “... a) A teacher should do his job faithfully, I can't because I don't have a classroom; because what I have is only a dungeon, a school dungeon, and only suitable for a few residents ”.

School buildings in the community of Gleiritsch

First school building in Gleiritsch (1840)

After several drafts, the school and sacristan's house to the south of the church was rebuilt in 1840. At the same time, the teacher was a sacristan. The classroom for 80 children was on the first floor of the building. The teacher's apartment was on the ground floor, and the cellar could be used as a cattle shed. In the country, especially in the smaller towns, it was common for teachers to farm to provide for themselves and to improve the poor financial situation. Xaver Kiener, master bricklayer from Nabburg, took over the new school building in 1840 "in Accord". The school community of Gleiritsch committed itself to "perform all tensioning and handshaking works". In a few months the structure was up. In 1842, master mason Kiener filed a lawsuit against the school community of Gleiritsch at the Oberviechtach royal district court because not all claims had been settled. After the construction of a larger school building, generations of teachers lived in the house until 1966. The first school building in Gleiritsch was demolished in 1974.

Second school building in Gleiritsch (1887/88)

Schoolhouse from 1888

Since the number of children in the school community of Gleiritsch was constantly increasing, the first school building was soon too small. Another new building was built in 1887/1888. The building was erected on today's Pfarrweg. The community administration Gleiritsch received the power of attorney "to negotiate with the tailor Wolfgang Zeus there about the assignment of the land necessary for the school building ...". Master mason Eckl from Teunz was commissioned to build the school . In 1888 the first lessons could take place in the school house. Two classrooms were available, one in the basement and a second on the upper floor of the building. After the extension of compulsory schooling up to the 8th grade, grades 1 to 4 were taught together in the basement and grades 5 to 8 on the upper floor, each in one room.

Third school building in Gleiritsch (1965 to 1967)

Schoolhouse, built 1965–1967

Due to the strong increase in the number of children, the school was bursting at the seams. Sometimes school lessons took place in shifts. Some of the students came in the morning alternating weekly, the other in the afternoon. Since foreign students often had a long and snowy road ahead of them in winter, they had to leave class earlier. From 1965 to 1967 a new school building with four classrooms and a residential building for teachers was built in Sandgasse. Construction was halted for a short time, as the government of the Upper Palatinate wanted smaller schools, such as Gleiritsch, to be closed. The plan was dropped again and construction could be completed. The move into the new building took place on February 27, 1967. A hat factory was established in the old schoolhouse from 1888. In the meantime, the building has been taken over by the Catholic Church and has been converted into a parish hall.

School history from 1945 to 1968

American troops march in

The end of the Second World War brought a turning point in school life. The following entry can be found in the school notebook of the Gleiritsch elementary school: “On April 20, 1945, school service was shut down for six months due to the invasion and occupation by the Americans. The school house was confiscated by the occupying forces and used as a field kitchen for the military personnel. After the troops had withdrawn, the film machine and other teaching aids were missing. Unfortunately, this opportunity was also used by the population to acquire everything that was still usable. When school service resumed, all teaching and learning materials were missing - with the exception of the boards. Even the school desks were partly smashed as firewood ”.

Sports field construction by American troops (1954)

There were no rooms available for physical education. Physical education took place on the street behind the school, a sports field was not available in the school community of Gleiritsch. After the upper class pupils had tried in vain for years to have a sports field built, the pupils resorted to self-help. Under the tutelage of Hillen, they began the earthworks on their own (today's training ground for the DJK Gleiritsch). They soon realized that they were not going to get there. The students wrote a letter to the commander of the American troops stationed in Grafenwohr asking for help in dealing with the problem. On October 16, 1954, the Americans first advanced to begin earthmoving. Thanks to American help, the school children from Gleiritsch came to a sports field. It still exists today and serves the DJK Gleiritsch sports club in a slightly different design as a training ground.

Integration into the Tännesberg school association

On September 11, 1968, a school association with Tännesberg was founded . On August 1, 1969, the Gleiritsch elementary school was dissolved and attached to the Tännesberg public elementary school. After Tännesberg merged with Moosbach , the Gleiritsch community terminated the contract with the Tännesberg school association in 1977 because the way to school to Moosbach was too far for students from the Gleiritsch community.

Integration into the Teunz School Association

In 1977 the Gleiritsch school was incorporated into the Teunz school association. This lasted until 2008. Due to the declining number of pupils, the building in Gleiritsch is no longer used for teaching purposes. The primary school students attend the school in Teunz .

Oberviechtach Middle School

The school building in Gleiritsch has not been used for teaching purposes since 2008. The pupils in grades 1 to 4 attend the elementary school in Teunz, the secondary school pupils in grades 5 to 9 attend the Doktor-Eisenbarth-Mittelschule in Oberviechtach , to which an M-train is connected, which leads to the secondary school leaving certificate.

Picture gallery

  • Schoolhouse from 1888 (on the right in the picture)

  • Schoolhouse, built 1965–1967

  • Postcard (1954)

  • Gleiritsch (2010)

literature

  • Karl Bosl: Bavarian History. 2nd edition. dtv paperback, Munich 1980.
  • Anton Reger: School space problems in the last century. In: The Upper Palatinate. No. 9, 1979, pp. 273-276.
  • Anton Reger: This is how you became a teacher around 1800. In: The Upper Palatinate. No. 6, 1967, pp. 137-140.
  • Alois Köppl: From the history of the community Gleiritsch. 2nd edition. Community of Gleiritsch 1988.
  • Files at the Gleiritsch branch, school 1810 to 1887
  • State Archives Amberg, holdings: District Court of the older order, No. 158
  • Siegfried Burger, Alois Köppl, Stephan Zimmerer: Gleiritsch , Gleiritsch 2013, ISBN 978-3-00-041242-4
  • Alois Köppl: DJK Gleiritsch, 1965 - 2015 , Gleiritsch 2015, ISBN 978-3-00-048628-9

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Alois Köppl: From the history of the community Gleiritsch. 2nd edition. Gleiritsch community 1988, p. 170
  2. ↑ a b Files at the Gleiritsch branch, school: 1810–1887
  3. ^ Albert Reble: 200 years of elementary school in Bavaria. In: The young teacher. Issue 7, 1981, p. 4.
  4. ^ A b Albert Reble: 200 years of elementary school in Bavaria. In: The young teacher. Issue 7, 1981, p. 5.
  5. ^ Karl Bosl: Bavarian history. 2nd edition. Munich 1980, p. 158.
  6. ^ Anton Reger: School space needs in the previous century. In: The Upper Palatinate. Volume 9, 1979, p. 275.
  7. ↑ a b c files at the Gleiritsch branch, school and visitation protocol of August 12, 1810
  8. ↑ Private records of Mrs. Helmtraud Doleschel († 2002), who worked as a teacher in Gleiritsch from 1948 to 1984
  9. ↑ a b c Amberg State Archives, holdings: District Court of the older order, No. 158
  10. ↑ Alois Köppl: From the history of the community Gleiritsch. 2nd edition. Municipality of Gleiritsch 1988, p. 176.
  11. ↑ Alois Köppl: From the history of the community Gleiritsch. 2nd edition. Gleiritsch community 1988, p. 179.
  12. ↑ Alois Köppl: From the history of the community Gleiritsch. 2nd edition. Gleiritsch community 1988, p. 180
  13. ^ School notebook of the Gleiritsch elementary school, created in 1909. School history records, currently with the Teunz school administration
  14. ↑ Alois Köppl, DJK Gleiritsch, 1965 - 2015, p. 128, ISBN 978-3-00-048628-9
  15. ^ Siegfried Burger, Alois Köppl, Stephan Zimmerer, Gleiritsch, p. 29, ISBN 978-3-00-041242-4

Web links

Commons : School history  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files