Grafenwohr

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coat of arms Germany map
Coat of arms of the city of Grafenwoehr
Grafenwohr
Map of Germany, position of the city Grafenwohr highlighted

Coordinates: 49 ° 43 '  N , 11 ° 54'  E

Basic data
State : Bavaria
Administrative region : Upper Palatinate
County : Neustadt an der Waldnaab
Height : 410 m above sea level NHN
Area : 216.19 km 2
Residents: 6383 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density : 30 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code : 92655
Area code : 09641
License plate : NEW, ESB , VOH
Community key : 09 3 74 124
City structure: 11 districts or districts

City administration address : 		Marktplatz 1
92655 Grafenwöhr
Website : www.grafenwoehr.de
Mayor : Edgar Knobloch ( CSU )
Location of the city of Grafenwoehr in the district of Neustadt an der Waldnaab
Landkreis Bayreuth Landkreis Schwandorf Weiden in der Oberpfalz Landkreis Tirschenreuth Landkreis Amberg-Sulzbach Georgenberg Pleystein Neustadt am Kulm Pressath Trabitz Eschenbach in der Oberpfalz Bechtsrieth Windischeschenbach Weiherhammer Waldthurn Waidhaus Vohenstrauß Theisseil Tännesberg Störnstein Schwarzenbach (Oberpfalz) Schlammersdorf Schirmitz Püchersreuth Pirk Parkstein Neustadt an der Waldnaab Mantel (Markt) Luhe-Wildenau Leuchtenberg Kohlberg (Oberpfalz) Kirchenthumbach Kirchendemenreuth Irchenrieth Grafenwöhr Flossenbürg Floß (Oberpfalz) Etzenricht Eslarn Altenstadt an der Waldnaab Speinsharter Forst Manteler Forst Vohenstrauß Heinersreuther Forst (Oberpfalz) Tschechien Vorbach Speinshart Moosbach (Oberpfalz)map
About this picture

Grafenwöhr is a town in the Upper Palatinate district of Neustadt an der Waldnaab .

geography

Grafenwöhr is located in the north-western part of the Upper Palatinate and thus in the Upper Palatinate hill country .

Expansion of the urban area

The city of Grafenwöhr is divided into eleven districts:

Military training area

Most of the military training area is now part of the urban area. The formerly community-free area of Grafenwöhr military training area with an area of ​​8,749.97 hectares, which comprised the municipalities of Haag , Höhenberg , Hopfenohe , Kaundorf , Leuzenhof , Nunkas , Oberfrankenohe and Pappenberg , which were dissolved in 1938/39 , was completely incorporated into the urban area on July 1, 1978 and the community-free area thus dissolved.

history

Until the 19th century

The city's foundation took place in 1361. Until 1421 was Grafenwöhr under the rule of the Landgrave of Leuchtenberg kurpfälzisch until 1621/28, after kurbayerisch . Since 1732 January 20th, the day of St. Sebastian (plague patron of the city), celebrated as a local holiday / patronage day. Until 1900 the city had only 900 inhabitants.

20th and 21st centuries

In the 20th century, under the influence of the nearby military training area (founded in 1908), an economic boom occurred . From 1914 to 1918, the Grafenwöhr prisoner-of-war camp existed on the site of the military training area . The newly established Italian "San Marco" division was also trained in Grafenwöhr in 1944. She was visited by Benito Mussolini on July 18, 1944 . In addition, there was a Belarusian officers' school in Grafenwoehr, which was under the command of Barys Rahulja .

Grafenwoehr and the practice area were heavily bombed on April 5, 1945 at around 11 a.m. The bombardment lasted about 15 minutes, and the Army Supply Office and the military station were completely destroyed; 74 people were killed. On April 8, 1945 at 11.30 a.m. Grafenwoehr was bombed again by 203 American B17 bombers, which were much more serious. The east camp Grafenwoehr was completely destroyed. The bombardment lasted two hours, with 427.5 t of high explosive bombs and 178.5 t of incendiary bombs being dropped. 210 buildings were destroyed and over 3,000 people were left homeless. On April 19, 1945, the 11th US Armored Division moved into Grafenwoehr. One day later, the Americans discovered three million chemical artillery projectiles in Grafenwoehr - the largest poison gas storage facility in the Wehrmacht. On April 21, 1945, the US 11th Panzer Division discovered entire truckloads of ammunition and other military equipment at the military training area.

The military training area is currently used by the US Army and the German Armed Forces .

Incorporations

In 1946 part of the formerly independent community of Thomasreuth was incorporated. On July 1, 1972, Gmünd and parts of Hütten, Kürmreuth and Sigras were added. On July 1, 1978, the non-parish area was incorporated into Grafenwöhr military training area .

Population development

Between 1988 and 2018 the city grew by 604 inhabitants or 10.5% from 5,759 to 6,363.

politics

mayor

Edgar Knobloch (CSU) has been mayor since 2014. The predecessor was Helmuth Wächter (SPD).

City council

The city council consists of the 1st mayor and 20 city council members.

Distribution of seats
Local election 2002 2008 2014 2020
CSU 11 8th 9 11
SPD 07th 8 1 6th 5
Free community of voters 02 3 3 4th
The left 0- 1 1 2 -
total 20th 20th 20th 20th
1One city councilor left the SPD parliamentary group during the electoral term and has been non-attached since then. Today he is the chairman of the newly founded branch of the DIE LINKE party.

coat of arms

Coat of arms of Grafenwohr
 Blazon : “Split; in front the Bavarian diamond, behind in black a red crowned and armored golden lion. "

The coat of arms has been known since the 15th century.

Town twinning

  • Since 1995 there has been a town partnership with Grafenwörth (Austria).

Culture and sights

Town hall from 1462
Church of the Assumption of Mary
"Trinity Church"
Maria-Hilf-Kirche on the Annaberg

Museums

Buildings

The water tower , landmark of the city of Grafenwoehr;
Postcard No. 375 from the PHB publishing house ; Promoted as field post in 1915
  • The water tower , which was built by Wilhelm Kemmler until 1911 , is today a landmark of the city of Grafenwöhr
  • Historical old city
  • Late Gothic town hall from 1462
  • Toe box from 1532
  • Plague column probably from 1496
  • Restored part of the city wall
  • Schönberg with a natural stage
  • Church of the Assumption of Mary
  • Holy Trinity Church
  • Annaberg with Maria-Hilf-Kirche
  • St. Ursula Cemetery Church (1593)
  • Grub Castle, also called Hofmarkschloss (1714)
  • Hammergmünd-Grafenwöhr Castle (1762)

Architectural monuments

Celebrations and events

German-American folk festival

Every year at the beginning of August the German-American Folk Festival takes place on the Grafenwöhr military training area . The folk festival is a magnet for visitors for the entire region, and more than 100,000 people visit this festival each three-day season. In 2013 the festival was canceled by the US Army due to a lack of budget , as well as in 2020 due to the novel corona virus .

Economy and Infrastructure

traffic

Road traffic

Grafenwöhr is located directly on the B 299 .

Air traffic

Grafenwoehr has a military airfield .
The next international airport is in Nuremberg .

Solar park huts

The Hütten district has the largest open-space solar system in Upper Palatinate with a peak output of 15.7 megawatts . It extends over 35 hectares.

Established businesses

The military training area is an important economic factor in the region and provides jobs for more than 3,600 people.

In business incubator Grafenwoehr-Eschenbach Pressath entrepreneurs are advised.

Public facilities

  • City Hall
  • Forest pool
  • Bars
  • Restaurants
  • Fun park
  • "MegaPlay" indoor playground
  • Sports home

Radio and TV

Former AFN transmitter mast Grafenwöhr, height: 66 meters; the mast was demolished in 2009 after a similarly constructed mast north of Vilseck took over its function in autumn 2008.
  • until autumn 2008: medium wave transmitter of the AFN
  • Oberpfalz TV (regional television)
  • Radio Ramasuri (regional)
  • Radio Galaxy (regional, youth station)

Newspaper and magazine

German-language newspapers and magazines

  • City gazette (monthly)
  • VierStädtedreieck magazine (monthly)
  • The New Day (newspaper)
  • OWZ (advertising sheet)
  • Rundschau (advertising paper)
  • grafenwoehr.com Newspaper (until the end of December 2010)
  • grafenwoehr-news.com Newspaper (until the end of December 2012)

English language newspapers and magazines

  • grafenwoehr.com Newspaper (until the end of December 2010)
  • grafenwoehr-news.com Newspaper (until the end of December 2012)
  • Stars and Stripes
  • Bavarian News (until the end of October 2012)
  • Bavarian Times Magazin (from 2013)
  • MWR magazines

education

  • Three kindergartens
  • School preparatory institution
  • Elementary school
  • St. Michaels-Werk e. V. Vocational school for individual learning support
  • Commercial training center

Personalities

Web links

Commons : Grafenwöhr  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ "Data 2" sheet, Statistical Report A1200C 202041 Population of the municipalities, districts and administrative districts 1st quarter 2020 (population based on the 2011 census) ( help ).
  2. ↑ Administration. City of Grafenwoehr, 2014, accessed on May 12, 2014 .
  3. ↑ Search result for Grafenwoehr. Bayerische Landesbibliothek Online - The portal on the history and culture of the Free State, accessed on May 12, 2014 .
  4. ↑ Mark Alexander: Nazi Collaborators, American Intelligence, and the Cold War. The Case of the Byelorussian Central Council. University of Vermont Graduate College Dissertations and Theses, No. 424, 2015, p. 73.
  5. ↑ German Vogelsang: THEY ARE COMING! The last days of the war in the Upper Palatinate in 1945. Amberg 2015, ISBN 978-3-95587-008-9 , pp. 10–11, 13–14, 22–23.
  6. ^ Wilhelm Volkert (ed.): Handbook of Bavarian offices, communities and courts 1799–1980 . C. H. Beck'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, Munich 1983, ISBN 3-406-09669-7 , p. 459 and 460 .
  7. ^ Entry on Grafenwöhr's coat of arms  in the database of the House of Bavarian History
  8. ↑ Gerald Morgenstern: Grafenwöhr / Glücksfall fürs Museum / Nachlass von Baurat Wilhelm Kemmler documents the history of the training ground ( memento from October 13, 2015 in the Internet Archive ), in the version from November 11, 2010 on the owz-online.de page , the online - Edition of the Oberpfälzer Wochenzeitung (weekly advertising magazine of the publishing house Der neue Tag )
  9. ↑ "Hope for a sunny future". Oberpfalznetz Retrieved June 26, 2013
  10. ↑ Olaf Meiler: Elvis Presley as a soldier on the Grafenwoehr training area in Upper Palatinate. German-American Volksfest Grafenwoehr, January 11, 2005, accessed on May 12, 2014 .