Grafenwohr
coat of arms | Germany map | |
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Coordinates: 49 ° 43 ' N , 11 ° 54' E |
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Basic data | ||
State : | Bavaria | |
Administrative region : | Upper Palatinate | |
County : | Neustadt an der Waldnaab | |
Height : | 410 m above sea level NHN | |
Area : | 216.19 km 2 | |
Residents: | 6383 (Dec. 31, 2019) | |
Population density : | 30 inhabitants per km 2 | |
Postal code : | 92655 | |
Area code : | 09641 | |
License plate : | NEW, ESB , VOH | |
Community key : | 09 3 74 124 | |
City structure: | 11 districts or districts | |
City administration address : |
Marktplatz 1 92655 Grafenwöhr |
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Website : | ||
Mayor : | Edgar Knobloch ( CSU ) | |
Location of the city of Grafenwoehr in the district of Neustadt an der Waldnaab | ||
Grafenwöhr is a town in the Upper Palatinate district of Neustadt an der Waldnaab .
geography
Grafenwöhr is located in the north-western part of the Upper Palatinate and thus in the Upper Palatinate hill country .
Expansion of the urban area
The city of Grafenwöhr is divided into eleven districts:
Military training area
Most of the military training area is now part of the urban area. The formerly community-free area of Grafenwöhr military training area with an area of 8,749.97 hectares, which comprised the municipalities of Haag , Höhenberg , Hopfenohe , Kaundorf , Leuzenhof , Nunkas , Oberfrankenohe and Pappenberg , which were dissolved in 1938/39 , was completely incorporated into the urban area on July 1, 1978 and the community-free area thus dissolved.
history
Until the 19th century
The city's foundation took place in 1361. Until 1421 was Grafenwöhr under the rule of the Landgrave of Leuchtenberg kurpfälzisch until 1621/28, after kurbayerisch . Since 1732 January 20th, the day of St. Sebastian (plague patron of the city), celebrated as a local holiday / patronage day. Until 1900 the city had only 900 inhabitants.
20th and 21st centuries
In the 20th century, under the influence of the nearby military training area (founded in 1908), an economic boom occurred . From 1914 to 1918, the Grafenwöhr prisoner-of-war camp existed on the site of the military training area . The newly established Italian "San Marco" division was also trained in Grafenwöhr in 1944. She was visited by Benito Mussolini on July 18, 1944 . In addition, there was a Belarusian officers' school in Grafenwoehr, which was under the command of Barys Rahulja .
Grafenwoehr and the practice area were heavily bombed on April 5, 1945 at around 11 a.m. The bombardment lasted about 15 minutes, and the Army Supply Office and the military station were completely destroyed; 74 people were killed. On April 8, 1945 at 11.30 a.m. Grafenwoehr was bombed again by 203 American B17 bombers, which were much more serious. The east camp Grafenwoehr was completely destroyed. The bombardment lasted two hours, with 427.5 t of high explosive bombs and 178.5 t of incendiary bombs being dropped. 210 buildings were destroyed and over 3,000 people were left homeless. On April 19, 1945, the 11th US Armored Division moved into Grafenwoehr. One day later, the Americans discovered three million chemical artillery projectiles in Grafenwoehr - the largest poison gas storage facility in the Wehrmacht. On April 21, 1945, the US 11th Panzer Division discovered entire truckloads of ammunition and other military equipment at the military training area.
The military training area is currently used by the US Army and the German Armed Forces .
Incorporations
In 1946 part of the formerly independent community of Thomasreuth was incorporated. On July 1, 1972, Gmünd and parts of Hütten, Kürmreuth and Sigras were added. On July 1, 1978, the non-parish area was incorporated into Grafenwöhr military training area .
Population development
Between 1988 and 2018 the city grew by 604 inhabitants or 10.5% from 5,759 to 6,363.
politics
mayor
Edgar Knobloch (CSU) has been mayor since 2014. The predecessor was Helmuth Wächter (SPD).
City council
The city council consists of the 1st mayor and 20 city council members.
Local election | 2002 | 2008 | 2014 | 2020 |
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CSU | 11 | 8th | 9 | 11 |
SPD | 7th | 8 1 | 6th | 5 |
Free community of voters | 2 | 3 | 3 | 4th |
The left | - | 1 1 | 2 | - |
total | 20th | 20th | 20th | 20th |
coat of arms
Blazon : “Split; in front the Bavarian diamond, behind in black a red crowned and armored golden lion. "
The coat of arms has been known since the 15th century. |
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Town twinning
- Since 1995 there has been a town partnership with Grafenwörth (Austria).
Culture and sights
Museums
- 1. Upper Palatinate Culture and Military Museum with special exhibitions
Buildings
- The water tower , which was built by Wilhelm Kemmler until 1911 , is today a landmark of the city of Grafenwöhr
- Historical old city
- Late Gothic town hall from 1462
- Toe box from 1532
- Plague column probably from 1496
- Restored part of the city wall
- Schönberg with a natural stage
- Church of the Assumption of Mary
- Holy Trinity Church
- Annaberg with Maria-Hilf-Kirche
- St. Ursula Cemetery Church (1593)
- Grub Castle, also called Hofmarkschloss (1714)
- Hammergmünd-Grafenwöhr Castle (1762)
Architectural monuments
Celebrations and events
German-American folk festival
Every year at the beginning of August the German-American Folk Festival takes place on the Grafenwöhr military training area . The folk festival is a magnet for visitors for the entire region, and more than 100,000 people visit this festival each three-day season. In 2013 the festival was canceled by the US Army due to a lack of budget , as well as in 2020 due to the novel corona virus .
Economy and Infrastructure
traffic
Road traffic
Grafenwöhr is located directly on the B 299 .
Air traffic
Grafenwoehr has a military airfield .
The next international airport is in Nuremberg .
Solar park huts
The Hütten district has the largest open-space solar system in Upper Palatinate with a peak output of 15.7 megawatts . It extends over 35 hectares.
Established businesses
The military training area is an important economic factor in the region and provides jobs for more than 3,600 people.
In business incubator Grafenwoehr-Eschenbach Pressath entrepreneurs are advised.
Public facilities
- City Hall
- Forest pool
- Bars
- Restaurants
- Fun park
- "MegaPlay" indoor playground
- Sports home
Radio and TV
- until autumn 2008: medium wave transmitter of the AFN
- Oberpfalz TV (regional television)
- Radio Ramasuri (regional)
- Radio Galaxy (regional, youth station)
Newspaper and magazine
German-language newspapers and magazines
- City gazette (monthly)
- VierStädtedreieck magazine (monthly)
- The New Day (newspaper)
- OWZ (advertising sheet)
- Rundschau (advertising paper)
- grafenwoehr.com Newspaper (until the end of December 2010)
- grafenwoehr-news.com Newspaper (until the end of December 2012)
English language newspapers and magazines
- grafenwoehr.com Newspaper (until the end of December 2010)
- grafenwoehr-news.com Newspaper (until the end of December 2012)
- Stars and Stripes
- Bavarian News (until the end of October 2012)
- Bavarian Times Magazin (from 2013)
- MWR magazines
education
- Three kindergartens
- School preparatory institution
- Elementary school
- St. Michaels-Werk e. V. Vocational school for individual learning support
- Commercial training center
Personalities
- Reinhard Pappenberger (* 1958), Auxiliary Bishop of the Diocese of Regensburg and Titular Bishop of Aptuca (Tunisia)
- Elvis Presley (1935-1977) was from November 3, 1958 for military service at the Grafenwoehr training area
- Hermann Kirchhoff (1926–2012), religious educator and university professor, was a pastor in Grafenwöhr after his retirement
Web links
- Website of the city of Grafenwoehr
- Aerial views of the city
- TrÜbPl Grafenwöhr at armed forces base
- Grafenwöhr: Official statistics of the LfStat
Individual evidence
- ↑ "Data 2" sheet, Statistical Report A1200C 202041 Population of the municipalities, districts and administrative districts 1st quarter 2020 (population based on the 2011 census) ( help ).
- ↑ Administration. City of Grafenwoehr, 2014, accessed on May 12, 2014 .
- ↑ Search result for Grafenwoehr. Bayerische Landesbibliothek Online - The portal on the history and culture of the Free State, accessed on May 12, 2014 .
- ↑ Mark Alexander: Nazi Collaborators, American Intelligence, and the Cold War. The Case of the Byelorussian Central Council. University of Vermont Graduate College Dissertations and Theses, No. 424, 2015, p. 73.
- ↑ German Vogelsang: THEY ARE COMING! The last days of the war in the Upper Palatinate in 1945. Amberg 2015, ISBN 978-3-95587-008-9 , pp. 10–11, 13–14, 22–23.
- ^ Wilhelm Volkert (ed.): Handbook of Bavarian offices, communities and courts 1799–1980 . C. H. Beck'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, Munich 1983, ISBN 3-406-09669-7 , p. 459 and 460 .
- ^ Entry on Grafenwöhr's coat of arms in the database of the House of Bavarian History
- ↑ Gerald Morgenstern: Grafenwöhr / Glücksfall fürs Museum / Nachlass von Baurat Wilhelm Kemmler documents the history of the training ground ( memento from October 13, 2015 in the Internet Archive ), in the version from November 11, 2010 on the owz-online.de page , the online - Edition of the Oberpfälzer Wochenzeitung (weekly advertising magazine of the publishing house Der neue Tag )
- ↑ "Hope for a sunny future". Oberpfalznetz Retrieved June 26, 2013
- ↑ Olaf Meiler: Elvis Presley as a soldier on the Grafenwoehr training area in Upper Palatinate. German-American Volksfest Grafenwoehr, January 11, 2005, accessed on May 12, 2014 .