Upper Palatinate hill country

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Upper Palatinate hill country
location Upper Palatinate , Upper Franconia , Bavaria
part of Upper Palatinate-Upper Main hill country
Classification according to Handbook of the natural spatial structure of Germany
Upper Palatinate hill country (Bavaria)
Upper Palatinate hill country
Coordinates 49 ° 27 '  N , 11 ° 51'  E Coordinates: 49 ° 27 '  N , 11 ° 51'  E
rock different , mostly red or red sandstone
Age of the rock about 6 million years
surface 2,004.9 km²
f1
p1
p3

The Oberpfälzisches Hügelland (also: Oberpfälzisches Hügel- und Bergland or Oberpfälzer Bruchschollenland ) is a Hercynian sloping hilly landscape located mostly in the Upper Palatinate between the Upper Palatinate-Bavarian Forest in the (north) east and the Franconian Jura in the (south) west. The depression in the north-west-south-east direction, about 100 km long, but only between 7 and 35 km wide, covers an area of ​​over 2,000 km²; best-known places in it are (from northwest to southeast) Weiden (eastern edge), Amberg and Schwandorf .

Natural allocation and structure

The Upper Palatinate hill country is the southeastern one of the two main units of the main unit group Oberpfälzisch-Obermainisches hill country, draining to the Danube . The latter is commonly assigned to the south-west German stepland , but is increasingly viewed as an independent, parallel, large region of the 2nd order .

Since only sheets 164 Regensburg and 165/166 Cham of the single sheets 1: 200,000 for the manual of the natural spatial structure of Germany were published, but not sheet 154/155 Bayreuth , there is only a detailed breakdown for the southern part of the landscape.

The following sub-landscapes are designated for the southern part:

  • (to 07 Upper Palatinate-Upper Main Hill Country )
    • 070 Upper Palatinate hill country (= Upper Palatinate Bruchschollenland ; 2004.9 km²)
      • 070.0 Sulzbach-Amberg-Freihöls-Bodenwöhrer chalk bay
        • 070.00 Rodinger Winkel
          • 070.000 Rodinger Regental
          • 070.001 Trübenbacher Chalk Basin
        • 070.01 Rodinger Forest
        • 070.02 Neubauer Senke
        • 070.03 Einsiedler Forest
        • 070.04 Bodenwöhr valley (Bruck valley )
        • 070.05 Freihölser valley
        • 070.06 Eastern Amberg-Sulzbacher chalk bay
        • 070.07 North-western Amberg-Sulzbacher chalk bay
      • 070.1 Pennading-Schmidgaden-Stulln-Weidinger Graben
        • 070.10 Lintach back
        • 070.11 Thann-Pennadinger clearing recess
        • 070.12 Pennading-Schmidgadener Graben
        • 070.13 Wolfringer back
        • 070.14 Stulln-Weidinger Graben
        • 070.15 Schwarzenfeld Klosterberg
        • 070.16 Traunrichter granite back
      • 070.2 Hahnbacher Sattel and Hahnbacher Mulde
        • 070.20 Großalbershofer ridge
        • 070.21 Poppenrichter back
        • 070.22 Eastern flank of the Hahnbacher Mulde
        • 070.23 Raigering-Aschacher Hucken
        • 070.24 Krumbachtal
        • 070.25 Hahnbacher Mulde
      • 070.3 Remnants of the Pittersberger saddle
        • 070.30 Pittersberger remaining saddle
        • 070.31 Schwandorf vineyard
        • 070.32 Wackersdorf-Meldauer mountain range
      • 070.4 Pittersberger clearing recess
        • 070.40 Schwandorf Bay
        • 070.41 Bay of Nittenau
      • 070.5 Southern Upper Palatinate Bruchschollenland
        • 070.50 Alte Naabrinnen in the north and in the center of the unit
          • 070.500 Maxhütte-Haidhofer Platte
          • 070.501 Raffa plate
          • 070.502 Wolfsegger plate
          • 070.503 Regendorfer plate
          • 070.504 Blümelberg
          • 070.505 Hainsacker-Karether plate
        • 070.51 Lower Regental
        • 070.52 Wutzelhofen Dry Valley
        • 070.53 Saller- and Sallerner Berg
        • 070.54 Keilberg plate

The following sub-units can be found in the northern part:

The Federal Agency for Nature Conservation combines the parts of the Upper Palatinate hill country north of the bottleneck created by the protruding of the Naab Mountains from the east under the name Grafenwöhrer Hügel- und Bergland .

Geography and geology

The Upper Palatinate hill country is a not inconsiderably wooded area, the area of ​​about 2000 km² of which about 5% is under protection (FFH, bird sanctuaries). In total, almost 1% of the area is in nature reserves .

It is separated from the northern Upper Main hill country by the European main watershed , which separates the catchment areas of the Main and Naab . In the east it is bordered by the Upper Palatinate Forest , in the south by the Regen river and the town of Roding , in the west by the Franconian Alb . The northern part to the city of Amberg in the south also bears the name Grafenwöhrer Hügel- und Bergland .

The majority of this cultural landscape is in the Upper Palatinate , a small part in the far north in Upper Franconia . The height of the hill country is on average between 400 and 500 m above sea level. NN. Tectonically , the landscape is shaped by Hercynian disturbances.

The areas with little relief are only slightly cut up by the river courses. Only in the higher elevations have the valleys, which are usually around 30 to 50 m deep, deepened by up to 100 m. The subsoil consists of different materials, but mostly in the northern part of Rotliegend , Buntsandstein , Keuper and Dogger , occasionally also basalt . In addition to the materials mentioned, extensive chalk and tertiary deposits represent the rock types of the southern part. However, almost all rock types have occurred since the Permian .

The conspicuous bottleneck near Amberg is related to the fact that the pile cuts the Hercynian faults that group the clods according to rock age from southwest to northeast at a very acute angle.

Flora and fauna

Important plant species are pine , heather , blueberries and cranberries . In addition to forestry and agriculture, there is pond management in the lowlands. The wetlands are of particular importance, such as the chain of ponds north of Pittersberg , which is characterized by very valuable faunistic and floristic occurrences. The area also serves as an important refuge for amphibians of all species.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ A b c Emil Meynen , Josef Schmithüsen (editor): Handbook of the natural spatial structure of Germany . Federal Institute for Regional Studies, Remagen / Bad Godesberg 1953–1962 (9 deliveries in 8 books, updated map 1: 1,000,000 with main units 1960).
  2. ^ Dietrich-Jürgen Manske: Geographical land survey: The natural space units on sheet 164 Regensburg. Federal Institute for Regional Studies, Bad Godesberg 1981. →  Online map (PDF; 4.8 MB)
  3. ↑ Klaus Müller-Hohenstein: Geographical land survey: The natural space units on sheet 165/166 Cham. Federal Institute for Regional Studies, Bad Godesberg 1973. →  Online map (PDF; 4.4 MB)
  4. ↑ Designation on sheet 164 Regensburg (on sheet 165/166 Cham: Bodenwöhrer Bucht)
  5. ^ Description on sheet 165/166 Cham
  6. ^ Dietrich-Jürgen Manske: The district of Amberg Sulzbach in the mirror of the times . S. 9–46 ( heimatforschung-regensburg.de [PDF]).
  7. ↑ Landscape profile of the Upper Palatinate hill country of the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation ( information )

Sources and web links