Black dragon fish
| Black dragon fish | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Female of Idiacanthus |
||||||||||||
| Systematics | ||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||
| Scientific name of the subfamily | ||||||||||||
| Idiacanthinae | ||||||||||||
| Gill , 1893 | ||||||||||||
| Scientific name of the genus | ||||||||||||
| Idiacanthus | ||||||||||||
| Peters , 1877 |
The black dragon fish ( Idiacanthus ) are a genus of the baleen dragon fish (Stomiidae) and belong to the monogeneric subfamily Idiacanthinae. The fish live in all oceans, especially in the area of the intertropical convergence zone down to depths of 2000 meters.
features
.gif)
Black dragonfish have extreme sexual dimorphism . While the females are 38 to 53 cm long, eel-like, slender, black deep-sea fish with light organs , fangs and chin , the males are five to ten times smaller than the females. An intestine that was still present and functional in the larval stage is stunted. The animals have no teeth and no beards. The testicles take up the whole body cavity. They likely only live a few months, reproduce only once, and then die. The females live for several years.
Fin formula : dorsal fin 0 / 54–72, anal fin 0 / 28–46, pelvic fins (females only) 6.
The larvae of the black dragonfish are transparent. Her eyes sit on long stalks, each supported by a cartilage rod. In the course of growth, this cartilage rod shortens and the eye nerve clusters into a tangle. The larvae feed on diatoms and small planktonic crustaceans. August Brauer , who took part in the Valdivia expedition , described the larva of Idiacanthus fasciola as a paradoxical stalk eye (" Stylophthalmus paradoxus "). It was not until the American deep-sea researcher Charles William Beebe found out that it was a larva.
species
So far, three types have been described:
- Idiacanthus antrostomus Gilbert, 1890 .
- Idiacanthus atlanticus (Parin & Borodulina, 1996) .
- Idiacanthus fasciola Peters , 1877 .
literature
- Joseph S. Nelson : Fishes of the World . 4th ed. John Wiley, Hoboken, NJ 2006, ISBN 0-471-25031-7 .
- Kurt Deckert , Gisela Deckert , Günther E. Freytag, Günther Peters, Günther Sterba : fish, amphibians, reptiles (Urania animal kingdom). Urania-Verlag, Berlin 1991, ISBN 3-332-00376-3 .
Web links
- Black dragon fish on Fishbase.org (English)
Individual evidence
- ↑ Nadja Podbregar: Black Deep Sea Dragon . In: Scinexx - The Knowledge Magazine. Springer-Verlag, July 17, 2020.