Black Peter

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Historic Schwarzer-Peter-Karte

Along with quartet, Black Peter is one of the most popular card games for children.

origin of the name

The name Schwarzer Peter may be reminiscent of a contemporary and companion of the Schinderhannes , the robber Johann Peter Petri , who was also known under the name "the old Schwarzer Peter" or "Schwarzer Peter" and is said to have invented the game in his prison years from 1811; the origin of the game is most likely older (see below ).

Emergence

The origin of Black Peter is likely to be found in Old Maid (English old maid) or Vieux garçon (French old boy ) or English Jackass , a simple game of chance in which the aim is to determine a loser who will drink the next round has to pay (see drinking game ).

You use a package of 32 sheets of French cards and remove the queen of hearts from it at Old Maid or a jack at Vieux Garçon or Jackass , shuffle, cut the cards and distribute the cards evenly among the players. If a player has one or more pairs, e.g. B. two sevens or two kings, he discards them face up. If a player has three cards of the same rank, he may discard two of them. The colors are irrelevant. The game is played like in Black Peter. The last player left with a single lady or a single jack is the Old Maid or the Vieux Garçon or Jackass and has to pay for the next drinks.

The rules

Buck games usually consist of 31 or 37 cards, namely the buck and 15 or 18 pairs of cards. Instead of special playing cards , you can just as easily use a pack of traditional cards with a joker . Any number of players can take part in the game, but at least two. The cards are shuffled and evenly distributed to the players. If a player finds a pair in his hand, i. H. two cards with the same corner mark, he discards them immediately.

Now the drawing of cards begins: the youngest child, or the child who has the most cards, or the player to the left of the dealer draws a card from the hand of his left neighbor and puts it next to his hand. If he can form a pair with this card, he discards it. Then it is the turn of the neighbor on the left and plays in the same way. In this way, the game continues as long as continue to put all couples and one player as the only card the buck stays in the hand. This player is a black peter and receives the agreed "penalty" , such as a black point on the forehead, nose or cheek.

Variation with a Skat game

You use a skat game with 32 cards. The cards of the same value and color (black or red) form a pair. A card is removed so that this pair is no longer complete. The leftover card is the buck. The removed card can be revealed, but does not have to be. Now the card drawing begins, see above.

Variant with 2 players

Since the game for two is relatively boring (you can discard a pair with every card drawn except the buck) and you get a lot of cards, the following variant is recommended: Each player receives a fixed number of cards, e.g. B. 6 (they can also hold small children well!). The very first card is drawn from the stack, then alternately by the other player. If one player can discard a pair, both players draw a card from the stack.

Names in other countries

Italian children play asinello (donkey). In Sweden the game is called Svarte Petter , in the Netherlands it is known as Zwarte Piet . This is also the name of the helper of St. Nicholas , similar to Knecht Ruprecht or Krampus in German-speaking countries.

Phrase

The phrase " blame someone for it " means to put an inconvenience, an unpleasant problem, guilt, or responsibility on that other person.

literature

Web links

Commons : Black Peter  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Grafen, Gold and Schwarzer Peter ( Memento from February 22, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) at veldenz.de
  2. ↑ Ernst Probst: The Black Peter - A robber in the Hunsrück and Odenwald . GRIN Verlag , 2010, ISBN 978-3-638-95142-5 , pp. 17 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
  3. ↑ Old Maid . In: Encyclopædia Britannica . 11th edition. tape 20 : Ode - Payment of Members . London 1911, p. 74 (English, full text [ Wikisource ]).
  4. ^ David Parlett : Oxford Dictionary of Card Games. Oxford University Press, Oxford / New York 1992/96.
  5. ↑ Game test for the game: Schwarzer Peter.
  6. ↑ Download the Ravensburger rules of the game as PDF.
  7. ^ Wolfgang Fleischer: Phraseology of contemporary German. Bibliographisches Institut, 1982, p. 159.
    Rudolf Köster: Proper names in German vocabulary: A lexicon. De Gruyter, 2003, p. 137.
    Dr. Word: I'm the monkey: News from the world of idioms. rororo Verlag, 2012.