Veldenz

coat of arms	Germany map
	Coordinates: 49 ° 53 '  N , 7 ° 2'  E
Basic data
State :	Rhineland-Palatinate
County :	Bernkastel-Wittlich
Association municipality :	Bernkastel-Kues
Height :	170 m above sea level NHN
Area :	14.41 km 2
Residents:	975 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density :	68 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code :	54472
Area code :	06534
License plate :	WIL, BKS
Community key :	07 2 31 126
Community structure:	2 districts
Association administration address:	Gestade 18 54470 Bernkastel-Kues
Website :	www.veldenz-mosel.de
Local Mayor :	Norbert Sproß
Location of the local community of Veldenz in the Bernkastel-Wittlich district

The village of Veldenz as seen from Veldenz Castle .

The Veldenzer Valley is a meander of the Moselle that has fallen dry . Here the village on the left, the Geisberg on the right and the mountains of the Moselhunsrück in the background .

Veldenz Castle on the Open Monument Day 2005

Veldenz is a municipality in the Rhineland-Palatinate district of Bernkastel-Wittlich and the former headquarters of the county of the same name , a formerly important principality to which 120 villages and towns in what is now Rhineland-Palatinate and northern Alsace and Lorraine belonged. Veldenz is a state-approved resort .

geography

Geographical location

Veldenz is located in the area of ​​the Middle Moselle in a wide valley landscape, which is determined by flat slopes and former Moselle loops. Veldenz is located on the right bank of the Moselle, but is not directly on the water, but around two kilometers inland directly under the first Hunsrück forests . Around 850 hectares of the 1441 hectare municipal area consist of forest; Viticulture is carried out on around 130 hectares .

Spatial planning

The place is divided into Veldenz and Thalveldenz. Neighboring communities include castles and Mülheim an der Mosel . The closest medium-sized centers are Bernkastel-Kues , around ten kilometers away, and Wittlich , around 17 kilometers away. Trier is about 45 kilometers away.

climate

Veldenz lies within the temperate climate zone ; Compared to other regions in Germany, the climate is very warm and sunny - in neighboring Brauneberg , the record temperature of 41.2 ° C in the shade, the highest air temperature ever recorded in the Federal Republic , was found on August 11, 1998 . Due to the location in the lee of the Eifel, precipitation is often prevented in north-west weather conditions. Constant evaporation of the nearby Moselle water leads to regularly high humidity , which, especially in summer, leads to sometimes burdensome, humid weather and also brings numerous thunderstorms.

On August 26, 2011, the place was hit by a severe thunderstorm, during which hailstorm damaged almost all house roofs and many house walls and destroyed a large part of the vines and other crops that were ready for harvest.

history

Already around 500 BC The Treveri , a Celtic-Germanic mixed people, settled in the fertile valley of Veldenz. Around 50 BC Colonization by the Romans followed until 500 AD .

As in the surrounding communities, a number of traces from the Celtic and Roman times have been found in Veldenz. Above Thalveldenz there is a so-called pagan wall, which is attributed to Celtic origin. It is a 1,400 m² rampart that protects an inner area of ​​more than six hectares on the Burgberg at 426  m . There were siliqua coins from Constantine III. (407-411) and Jovinus (411-413) found, which indicates a military use by the Romans. There is a Roman burial mound near the pagan wall . A Roman cremation grave has also been discovered. In the center of Veldenz there is a Roman thermal bath that was built around the middle of the 2nd century AD and renovated in the middle of the 4th century and belongs to a villa rustica that has not yet been excavated .

It is believed that between the 6th and 9th centuries Veldenz was an allod , i.e. H. Property of the diocese of Verdun. Because it is not explicitly mentioned in any of the documents that refer to this epoch, it is discussed how it should have come about.

One possibility is that the Veldenzer Valley belonged to the diocese of Verdun as early as the 6th century. Bertharius of Verdun described in his written around the year 915 Diocese Chronicle that the diocese at the time of the bishop Agericus (term 550-588) lands on the Moselle and "Mondium" from Austrasian King Childebert II. Had been given (reign 575-596) , including some with which it could meet its need for wine and something "that was below Trier". The historian Crollius saw it as describing the neighboring town of Mülheim , to which Veldenz would have belonged.

But it is also conceivable that the Veldenzer Valley still belonged to the Franconian nobleman and landowner Adalgisel , also called Grimo, in the 7th century , who is said to have bequeathed it to the diocese of Verdun in a will from December 634. In the copy of this will from the 10th century, the neighboring town of Lieser on the opposite bank of the Moselle is named as part of the property to be inherited.

According to a chronicle by M. Merian and M. Zeiller from the 17th century, the truth of which is questioned, Veldenz would have been a Franconian landscape after Roman times, which Charlemagne (reign 768-814) made an inherited rule . In 930 Philips was Count zu Veldenz, the court master of the East Franconian Emperor Heinrich I.

The name of Veldenz first appeared in documents issued during the 11th century. These list it among the possessions of the diocese of Verdun as one of four villages, each with a church and with the bishop as liege lord . They also show that the Magdalen monastery of Verdun held rights in place which had been transferred to it by the diocese and which it had confirmed by the respective regents. The first known feudal man from Veldenz was a knight named Emicho.

In the oldest of these documents, issued on July 8, 1025 in Strasbourg, King Conrad II (reign 1024-1039) confirmed all of them to the monastery of St. Maria Magdalena in Verdun at the request of his wife Gisela and Bishop Robert von Verdun († 1039) Goods that their predecessors Heinrich II (reign 1002-1024) and Heimo von Verdun († 1024) had given to him. Including “ ecclesiam de molins uualden..e .”, A church in a place whose name could be translated as “Veldenzer Mühlen” and which some historians have associated with the neighboring town of Mülheim.

Several years later, on June 4, 1047 in Speyer, Emperor Heinrich III confirmed . (Reign 1039 - 1056) the estates of St. Maria Magdalena in Verdun, including the same church, written " Ecclesiam de molimas ualdentie ", or " ȩcclesiam de Molinis Valdentiȩ ". Three months later, in September 1047, Theoderic, the 41st Bishop of Verdun, signed the ninth part of the wine harvest in Veldenz to the monastery of St. Magdalena in Verdun. The document reads: Do igitur ..., nonam partem etiam de vino, quantumcumque colligitur de omni vinifero ad Episcopum pertante , sive Valdentiae , sive Scarponnae, sive Hattonis-castri, sive Sampiniaci, sive Manhoderi, sive in omni loco ad Episcopum pertinent . (So ​​hand over ..., also the ninth part of the wine, no matter how much of all the vines belonging to the bishop is harvested , be it in Veldenz, or Dieulouard , or Hattonchâtel , or “Sampiniaci” [in Lorraine], or “Manhoderi “[Where?], Or at any place that belongs to the bishop.) At the end of the century, on June 1, 1085 in Metz, Emperor Henry IV (reign 1056-1105) confirmed the return of the third fiefdom owned by the knight Emicho Part of the four churches in Veldenz and its neighboring villages Dusemont , Mülheim and Burgen to the cathedral chapter of Verdun.

This was followed from 1086 by Emich V. († 1115), Count of Kyrburg and Schmidtburg, as a feudal man. His younger son Gerlach became the first Count of Veldenz from 1112 to 1140. Possibly in 1129 Gerlach I built a castle, today's Veldenz Castle . In 1286 city and market rights were granted by Rudolf von Habsburg , in 1444 the castle and the surrounding area fell to the Count of Pfalz-Zweibrücken ; From 1543 to 1694 the village and the surrounding area belonged to the Principality of Pfalz-Veldenz .

In the 16th century, for many years after the beginning of the Reformation , Veldenz was marked by an intense late medieval church piety. On September 1, 1534, Ruprecht von Pfalz-Veldenz , who resided in Zweibrücken and professed Protestantism , bought the Veldenz property of the Magdalenenstift for the sum of 2,580 guilders. Nevertheless, Veldenz remained a Catholic exclave in his otherwise Protestant domain. There was considerable Catholic opposition in Veldenz. The two local priests and a chaplain did not declare themselves ready to carry out their office in accordance with Protestant doctrine until 1540 on the orders of the sovereign.

The Catholic pastor of Dusemont was finally dismissed in 1543 because he had never implemented his 1540 declaration and still refused to become evangelical. The Veldenz pastor Peter Bingardt took care of the Dusemont parish in the following years. He complained a lot that his services were not well attended. Veldenz families who had remained Catholic then emigrated. Not far away, just outside of the county between Dusemont and Filzen, they built the hamlet of Neu-Filzen.

Romantic castles in Veldenz. That was the tourist image conveyed by Veldenz on the Moselle in the middle of the 19th century . (Drawing by Octavius ​​Rooke, 1858)

In 1546/1547 the Schmalkaldic War ended with the defeat of the Protestant sovereigns. Duke Wolfgang von Pfalz-Veldenz , the successor of Ruprecht, did not take part and behaved neutrally. Because the archbishops of the surrounding dioceses tried to reverse the Reformation as much as possible, Veldenz found himself in a particularly precarious situation as a Protestant exclave in the middle of the Catholic Electorate of Trier .

On March 20, 1549 Archbishop Johann V von Isenburg sent a visitation commission under the leadership of the Koblenz cathedral dean Georg von der Leyen to Veldenz. She took over the church and offered Pastor Bingardt to stay when he returned to the practice of Catholic faith. But he didn't want to and was banned from his profession without further ado and thrown out of the parsonage. Catholic life returned to Veldenz and Nikolaus Sebel from Niederemmel became the new pastor.

After two years, the Passau Treaty between the Roman-German King Ferdinand I and the Protestant imperial princes eased the situation for the Protestant side again. Now Duke Wolfgang sent a general visit and invited the Catholic pastors from Veldenz and Dusemont to Lichtenberg. The sovereign prince was no longer interested in the fact that both lived in wild marriage. The Dusemont pastor was allowed to keep his office after he promised of his own accord to preach Protestantism. The Veldenz pastor was less cooperative, but was allowed to leave without sanction and in 1556 an evangelical successor was appointed. Through the Augsburg Religious Peace , the status of denomination was secured under imperial law in Veldenz and the episcopal jurisdiction ended. Since then, evangelical life has been consolidated in the Veldenz office.

In 1752 the nationally known robber Johann Peter Petri , known as Schwarzer Peter , was born in Burgen near Veldenz . From 1777 to 1797 Veldenz (like the entire Electoral Palatinate) belonged to the Electoral Palatinate of Bavaria .

From 1801 to 1814 Veldenz was under French rule and fell to Prussia after the Peace of Paris in 1814 . The official census of 1852 showed for the village Veldenz 800 and for the Vorwerk 220 inhabitants Thalveldenz. The nearest post office was in Mühlheim.

In the middle of the 19th century, Veldenz was discovered as a tourist destination on the "romantic" Moselle. Travel authors such as the British Octavius ​​Rooke (1827–1881) made the place known as such. The early tourists had to walk half an hour to get from the banks of the Moselle to the castle ruins.

In 1835 the Veldenzer lion was incorporated into the state coat of arms there as the Palatinate lion . You can still find numerous examples of the count's building activity in the 18th century, including the town hall . Since 1946 the place has been part of the then newly formed state of Rhineland-Palatinate .

politics

Population development of the local community Veldenz

Municipal council

The local council in Veldenz consists of twelve council members, who were elected in a personalized proportional representation in the local elections on May 26, 2019 , and the honorary local mayor as chairman. The twelve seats in the council are divided between two groups of voters .

coat of arms

	Blazon : "Diagonally (right) roughened with silver and blue, in the right upper corner a little shield in silver with a gold-armored, red-tongued blue lion ."
	Reasons for the coat of arms: The lion is the Veldenzer lion , the diamonds that of the House of Wittelsbach . In 1835 the lion was adopted by the King of Bavaria as the Bavarian lion in the state coat of arms there, where he was the last Bavarian King Ludwig III until the end of the First World War . had to abdicate in the course of the November Revolution, remained.

Culture and sights

Village culture

In 1993 and 1995 Veldenz won the silver medal of the Federal Republic in the competition Our village should be more beautiful ; in 2006 one could triumph again in the district and district decision. Viticulture is practiced in the Elisenberg, Kirchberg, Mühlberg, Grafschafter Sonnenberg and Carlsberg locations. Around a dozen wineries still exist in the village today ; Riesling is the common grape variety.

Attractions

Veldenz Castle 2007

Veldenz on August 29, 2011 with roofs damaged by hailstorms

Interior of the Evangelical Church

Well-known sights are the Villa Romana , the Evangelical Church and Veldenz Castle . There are other architectural monuments such as the town hall, a signal tower from the 12th century, a mint, a Celtic wall and museums with various exhibitions. Further sights are a Krammarkt, a cottage garden, a wild garden, the Josefinenhöhe, the pioneer rock , numerous ore and slate pits, the Roter Bohles leisure center and numerous imposing rock formations.

See also: List of cultural monuments in Veldenz

Motorsport

The Hunsrück Auto Club eV, Simmern, organized twelve hill climbs on the K 88 from 1964 to 1975. A well-attended event in which z. B. Drivers like Jürgen Neuhaus and Wilhelm Bartels fought for the overall victory. Veldenz regularly organizes the "Hunsrück Hill Climb Revival" with the Morgan Club Germany , a regularity test for classic sports cars. In 2000, Trier also became the official venue for the Rally Germany , a run for the World Rally Championship . Since then, special stages have been held regularly in the surrounding vineyards. The courses are characterized by short, fast straights followed by sharp branches and switchbacks on a slope. Tens of thousands of people come to the region around Veldenz on each weekend in August.

Economy and Infrastructure

Viticulture and tourism play an important role. In Veldenz there are two village squares, three village houses, a village hall, several barbecue huts and places, a wine and forest nature trail, a memorial, a cemetery, two churches and a sports field. Veldenz also has its own elementary school, a kindergarten, a youth room, a football field and a children's playground. There is a regional children's and youth home in the village. Around 45 kilometers of hiking trails lead around the village. Veldenz is part of the Trier Region Transport Association (VRT) .

Individual evidence

1. ↑ State Statistical Office of Rhineland-Palatinate - population status 2019, districts, communities, association communities ( help on this ).
2. ↑ State Statistical Office Rhineland-Palatinate: My village, my city. Retrieved July 10, 2020 . 
3. ↑ State Statistical Office Rhineland-Palatinate (ed.): Official directory of the municipalities and parts of the municipality. Status: January 2019 ^{[ Version 2020 is available. ]} . S. 88 (PDF; 3 MB).
4. ↑ ^{a b c d e} Theodor Gümbel: History of the Principality of Pfalz-Veldenz. E. Grusius, Kaiserslautern 1900.
5. ^ Hans Peter Kuhnen: Les grandes entreprises agricoles de la Moselle dans l'Antiquité tardive . In: Revue archéologique de Picardie, N ° 1-2, 2003. Cultivateurs, éleveurs et artisans dans les campagnes de Gaule romaine. Sous la direction de Sébastien Lepetz et Véronique Matterne. pp. 195-202. doi: 10.3406 / pica.2003.2366
6. ↑ Entry on Heidenmauer in the database of cultural assets in the Trier region ; accessed on July 10, 2020.
7. ↑ Karl-Heinz Koch and Reinhard Schindler: Prehistoric and early historical castle walls of the Trier administrative district and the Birkenfeld district. Self-published by the Rheinisches Landesmuseum, Trier 1994.
8. ^ René Voorburg: Burial mound - Veldenz. In: Vici.org. Retrieved July 10, 2020 .  
9. ↑ Hans-Peter Kuhnen: The late antique agricultural landscape on the Moselle I: Findings and aspects of settlement archeology . Finds and excavations in the district of Trier 33, 2001. pp. 67–95 ( doi: 10.11588 / fuabt.2001.0.54615 ).
10. ↑ Entry on Roman baths in the database of cultural assets in the Trier region ; accessed on July 10, 2020.
11. ^ Andreas Hillebrecht: Therme (Veldenz). In: Vici.org. Retrieved July 10, 2020 .  
12. ↑ Eugen Ewig: On the history of Contrua-Gondorf . Lectures and Research: From Late Antiquity to the Early Middle Ages. Vol. 25 (1979). P. 377. ( online ). Quoted: Paul Egon Hübinger pp. 9, 37. The worldly relations of the Church of Verdun to the Rhineland . Dissertation Bonn 1935. Rheinisches Archiv vol. 28
13. ↑ Bertarius: Excerptum in gestis pontificum S. Virdunensis ecclesiae. Retrieved July 10, 2020 (approx. 915th copy from Corpus Corporum University of Zurich).  
14. ↑ ^{a b c} Georg Christian Crollius: Lecture of the first generation of the old graven von Veldenz and their common descent with the older Wildgraven von den graven in Nohgau. In: Academia Theodoro-Palatina: Historia et commentationes Academiae Electoralis Scientiarum et Elegantiorum Literarum Theodoro-Palatinae . Volume 2. 1770. pp. 241-286. ( online in archive.org )
15. ↑ Grimo's Testament. State Main Archive Koblenz / Inventory 1A - Documents of the ecclesiastical and state administration / Document 1. ( online ) (accessed on July 1, 2020)
16. ↑ Georg Thomas Rudhart: The oldest history of Bavaria and the provinces of Swabia, Rhineland and Franconia that have recently belonged to the Kingdom of Bavaria. Perthes, 1841, pp. 363, 432 ( online ).
17. ↑ Joseph Ferdinand Damberger: Synchronistic history of the church and the world in the Middle Ages. Volume 2. Pustet, 1850, p. 76 ( online ).
18. ↑ Jakob Marx: History of the Archbishopric Trier: di of the city of Trier & of Trier. Landes, as an electorate and as an archdiocese, from the oldest times up to the year 1816. Volume 2, edition 1. Lintz 1860, p. 432 ( online ).
19. ^ Wilhelm Levison: The will of the deacon Adalgisel-Grimo from the year 634 . In: Trier magazine. Volume 7, 1932, pp. 69-85 ( PDF ).
20. ↑ Matthaeus Merian (the elder), Martin Zeiller: Topographia Palatinatus Rheni et Vicinarum Regionum. 1645. P. 90 ff. (Online in Bayerische StaatsBibliothek digital , or in Wikisource ).
21. ↑ ^{a b c d} Christoph Bühler. The rulership of Geroldseck: studies on their origins, their composition and the family history of the Geroldseck in the Middle Ages . Stuttgart: Kohlhammer, 1981. ( online )
22. ^ Act n ° 110 dans Chartes originales antérieures à 1121 conservées en France, Cédric GIRAUD, Jean-Baptiste RENAULT et Benoît-Michel TOCK, éds., Nancy: Center de Médiévistique Jean Schneider; éds électronique: Orléans: Institut de Recherche et d'Histoire des Textes, 2010. (Telma). [En ligne] http://www.cn-telma.fr/originaux/charte110/ . Date de mise à jour: 29/03/12.
23. ↑ ^{a b} Augustin Calmet. Histoire ecclesiastique et civile de Lorraine . Vol. 1, Cusson 1728. Preuves p. 421f. ( online )
24. ↑ Heinrich IV. In document book on the history of the Middle Rhine territories, now forming the Prussian administrative districts of Coblenz and Trier: From the oldest times to the year 1169 . Beyer, Heinrich (Ed.). Volume 1. Hölscher, 1860. p. 441. ( online )
25. ^ Georg Bärsch: The Moselle stream from Metz to Coblenz, a geographical - historical - statistical - topographical manual for travelers and locals . (With a map of the Moselle course). C. Troschel, 1841. pp. 273 ff. ( Online ).
26. ↑ Johann Friedrich Böhmer . Acta imperii selecta: Documents of German kings and emperors with an appendix of imperial matters. Volume 1. Wagner, 1870, p. 353 ( online ).
27. ↑ ^{a b c d e} Erik Zimmermann: The beginnings of the Reformation in the office of Veldenz. Monthly Bulletins For Evangelical Church History Des Rheinlandes 60 (2011): 161–182. ( online ).
28. ↑ Ernst Probst . The buck. A robber in the Hunsrück and Odenwald. Probst, Mainz-Kostheim 2005, ISBN 3-936326-39-8 .
29. ↑ Carl Wolff: The immediate parts of the former Roman-German Empire according to their earlier and present connection. C. Habel, 1873 ( online ).
30. ↑ Kraatz (Ed.): Topographical-statistical manual of the Prussian state, containing all cities, towns, villages and other places of greater size. Deckersche Geheime Ober-Hofbuchdruckerei, 1856 ( online ).
31. ^ Loewenberger von Schönholtz: Alphabetical list of all cities, towns and individual possessions of the North German Confederation. Volume 2, L to ZES Mittler und Sohn, 1869 ( online ).
32. ^ Octavius ​​Rooke: The Life of the Moselle: From its source in the Vosges Mountains to its junction with the Rhine at Coblence. L. Booth, 1858 (online in dilibri Rheinland-Pfalz ).
33. ^ The Regional Returning Officer Rhineland-Palatinate: Local elections 2019, city and municipal council elections.

Web links

Commons : Veldenz  - Collection of Images

Wikisource: Veldentz in the Topographia Palatinatus Rheni (Matthäus Merian)  - sources and full texts

• Official website
• To search for cultural assets of the local community Veldenz in the database of cultural assets in the Trier region .
• Veldenz Castle around 1840 from Panorama of Trier and its surroundings (around 1840) via dilibri
• Veldenz Castle
• Link catalog on the subject of Veldenz at curlie.org (formerly DMOZ )