Enkirch

Basic data
State :	Rhineland-Palatinate
County :	Bernkastel-Wittlich
Association municipality :	Traben-Trarbach
Height :	105 m above sea level NHN
Area :	25.43 km 2
Residents:	1409 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density :	55 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code :	56850
Area code :	06541
License plate :	WIL, BKS
Community key :	07 2 31 029
LOCODE :	DE EKQ
Association administration address:	Am Markt 3 ; 56841 Traben-Trarbach
Website :	www.enkirch.de
Local Mayor :	Roland Bender ( CDU )
Location of the local community Enkirch in the district of Bernkastel-Wittlich

Enkirch is a local community on the Moselle , below Traben-Trarbach . It belongs to the Verbandsgemeinde Traben-Trarbach , in the district of Bernkastel-Wittlich , in Rhineland-Palatinate .

Enkirch in August 2005

geography

Enkirch is approximately 9 km north-east of Bernkastel-Kues and 19 km south of Cochem on the right side of the Moselle in Moselle km 102. A widely branched stream ( Ahringsbach and Großbach ) from the Hunsrück there opens. In Mosel km 103 there is a barrage .

history

The name of the place developed from ANCHIRIACUM via ANKARACHA - ANCKIRCHA - ENKRICHA to ENKIRCH.

The Enkirch area was settled long before it was first mentioned in a document in 733. This is proven by the numerous finds exhibited in the Enkircher Heimatstuben. According to this, the first traces of settlement can be classified in the 3rd millennium BC, a time that experts call the Neolithic or Neolithic . At that time, the people who had previously wandered about as hunters and gatherers gradually settled down. Numerous finds from later centuries have also come together and can also be seen in the home parlors.

It was first mentioned in a document when Adela , the daughter of the Merovingian nobleman Hugobert and Irmina von Oeren , gave the Pfalzel Monastery, which she founded, in her will. In this document of “1. April in the 12th year of the reign of King Theodericus ”(732/733) it says:“ I also give my shares in the houses of Anchiriacum, Ursiacum and Caimitas ( Kaimt ), which are located above the Moselle, to the monastery mentioned above . "

In the book for the 1250th anniversary of the town, Enkirch local history researcher and honorary citizen Hans Immich-Spier writes that the original certificate is considered lost. When the history of the Oeren monastery was recorded at the beginning of the 11th century, “there was a reading error, which turned“ Adela, filia Hugoberti ”into a filia Dagoberti and thus Adela's mother Irmina“ von Oeren ”to her sister. Thus both became daughters of Dagobert II, who was murdered in 679. All later documents use this version. ”It was then later possible to prove that this version is incorrect by the Luxembourg national historian Prof. Wampach based on the introductory dating of the will (see above). “Earlier editors of the document believed it was Theuderich III. (673–691), hence the earlier dating of 690, ”continues Immich-Spier.

View from Starkenburg to Enkirch and the lock.

Enkirch, Marktflecken , below Trarbach, on the right bank of the Moselle, does not have a total of 2000 inhabitants (208 households in 1741), whose diet is based solely on extensive viticulture . In good years, 1500 loads of wine can be made on the fertile markings , and this plant is one of the finest on the Moselle. In particular, the Stephansberg produces extremely lovely wines that are ready for storage at an early stage, which, however, related to the nature of the so-called hedge wines, are less heavy and sustainable than the product of the mountains facing the river. This abundance of grape juice, however, cannot completely replace the lack of drinking water; The yield of the only well is distributed once a day among the inhabitants.

Adela , Dagobert's daughter , gives the monastery in Pfalzel , founded by her, by will of April 1, 690 a. a. their share in the "Villa Enchiariaci". On February 10, 908, King Ludwig IV gave the fiefs previously owned by Rothard, especially the church and Manse zu Ankaracha, to Archbishop Ratbod of Trier .

In 1052 Archbishop Eberhard also acquired his property in Enkirch from Count Walram von Arlon through a loan agreement ( precariousness ) . In 1056, the so-called Queen Richenza also gave her property in Enkirch to the Brauweiler monastery . The deed of foundation of the Ravengiersburg monastery , 1074, names a court in Enkirch among the various gifts of Count Berthold. Perhaps as early as the 11th century, the village of Enkirch belonged to the county of Sponheim . Starkenburg Castle was built near Enkirch in the 12th century and was the residence of the Hinteren Grafschaft (Sponheim-Starkenburg). In 1248 Enkirch received the letter of freedom and thus received town and market rights along with its own jurisdiction . The town was one of the main towns in the county and was surrounded by a city wall with seven gates. The above-mentioned church also served as a fortified church . In the years 1275 and 1277 "Gerardus Decanus christianitatis in Enckerich" is mentioned. The church was under the land chapter ( archdeaconate ) of Karden . In 1342, Countess Loretta von Sponheim von Tillmann von Wahlen bought her estate in Enkirch (Heidengut), named after a pagan temple, of which thick pillars made of odenwald syenite and a slight depression in the ground indicate the site. In a feud of Count Johann III. von Sponheim-Starkenburg with Archbishop Boemund II of Trier , Enkirch was captured by the Archbishops and badly damaged. In 1360 and 1402 Count Johann IV. Enkirch pledged to Count Palatine Ludwig III. In 1557, as in Trarbach , the Reformation was introduced in Enkirch by the common rulers of the rear county of Sponheim , and Henricus Gallus appears here as a Lutheran preacher in 1567 , perhaps his immediate predecessor, Johann Marburg.

A few years later, in 1574, the 1/4 hour from the market town, under the Stephansberg hermitage, which is also called the Propstei or Enkerichhausen, was under a secular administrator. “Considering the Clausen zu Trarbach, pensions and incomes are so poor and poor, that is, that it is impossible to maintain a sufficient number of impossible people”, the rulers of the back county found that the pensions were good, “out of Christian love and innate princely leniency and the gradient of the Clausen zu Trarbach, to turn the hospital in Enkirch and the provost's office outside Enkirch there and set up so that a needy hospital can be entertained for the best of those who alone, because of the impossibility of their body, age, or any other reason for their ability to feed themselves will. The Enkirchner Klause was granted to this hospital, and a special order was also prescribed for the beneficiaries. After the rear county of Sponheim was united with France by resolution of the Reunionskammer zu Metz , some Franciscans came with the French troops into the country. The French authorities assigned the hermitage, abandoned by the benefactors in difficult times, and the ruined church; The friars built themselves a poor apartment and in 1685 received a foundation charter from King Louis XIV , in which they were also entrusted with the newly established Catholic parishes in Enkirch, Trarbach and Traben, for an annual sum of 690 livres from French coffers. These Franciscans stayed when Louis XIV had to return his unions in 1697, because the famous Clause 4 of the Rijswijk Peace Treaty had secured their existence, but the Protestant citizens could never fully reconcile themselves with the strangers who had been forced upon them, especially since they tried from time to time to get to the joint ownership of the parish church. The community expressed particular displeasure when the fathers built a new monastery in 1761. At that time it appeared in print: “Memorial” to a high-priced “Corpus Evangelicorum”, from the Evangelical Citizenship to “Enkirch” on the Moselle “dd Feb. 18, 1763”. Concerning the construction of the monastery, which was attacked by these "Franciscans contra Statum anni normalis". Along with “Specie facti” and 13 hatchet. Fol. 5 1/2 sheet. The revolution collected the foundation funds "à 690" Livres and bitter poverty weighed on the "Conventus Fratrum Minorum Reccolectorum in Clusa BV Mariae dolorosae", so that only one "Guardian, Vicarius, Concionator", three "Fathers" and four lay brothers present. The monastery church is currently used as a parish church by the small Catholic community (50 people); The Protestant church and school servants receive their salaries from the slopes of the provost or hermitage, in whose possession the Sponheim sovereignty had remained. A Heinrich von Einkirke, Encriche, appears in 1171 and 1179, in documents, a later Heinrich von Enkerich Siegel, from 1357, supplies Günther's Cod. Dipl. III. t. 3. No. 32.

Enkirch is known as the “treasury of Rhenish half-timbered buildings” because of the numerous half-timbered houses from the 15th to 18th centuries. In the 20th century, among others, the artist Josef Candels lived in Enkirch. Since 1946 the place has been part of the state of Rhineland-Palatinate .

This section is based on the public domain text of Johann Christian von Stramberg : Enkirch . In: Johann Samuelersch , Johann Gottfried Gruber (Hrsg.): General Encyclopedia of Sciences and Arts in alphabetical order by named writers , I. Section 34th part, Leipzig, JF Gleditsch 1840.

religion

On May 9, 2011, 986 of the 1574 inhabitants were Protestant (63%) and 337 were Catholic (21%).

politics

Municipal council

The municipal council in Enkirch consists of 16 council members, who were elected in a personalized proportional representation in the local elections on May 26, 2019 , and the honorary local mayor as chairman.

The distribution of seats in the municipal council:

choice	SPD	CDU	FDP	FWG	total
2019	7th	9	-	-	16 seats
2014	7th	9	-	-	16 seats
2009	7th	6th	1	2	16 seats
2004	7th	6th	1	2	16 seats

coat of arms

Blazon : "In black a fallen anchor with silver-red flukes."

Reasons for the coat of arms: The anchor in the coat of arms is probably a tilting element (Enkirch, von Ankerich?) And the date of 1248 appears on the oldest known seal. The seal also shows the two small shields with the arms of the Counts of Sponheim . When the rear county of Sponheim became a connecting property of Baden and a Palatine branch line ( Pfalz-Simmern , then Pfalz-Zweibrücken or Pfalz-Birkenfeld ), the two shields showed the lion of the Palatinate and the loop of Baden, the Sponheim coat of arms became like a third shield added on the bottom of the anchor. In the late 19th century the old coat of arms was restored.

Buildings

The Protestant and Catholic Churches are to be highlighted in terms of tourism . Very vivid old half-timbered houses in narrow, very impressive alleys that revive the flair of the Middle Ages. In the area of the Kirchanger there are also remains of the medieval city fortifications.

In addition to its historic half-timbered houses, Enkirch also has numerous classicist buildings that were built between the mid-19th century and the end of the First World War , including the imposing old village school, which together with the Tersteegen house in local club life and the like. a. is home to the music association and is no longer used as a school. For this purpose, there is a modern elementary school in the town center.

Since May 2014 the community foundation Fachwerkdorf Enkirch has been promoting civic engagement with the aim of preserving and renovating the historic town center of Enkirch and its monuments in their current or original, historical design.

religion

About 70% of the residents in Enkirch are Protestant and 30% Catholic.

literature

Hans Immich-Spier: Anchiriacum - Enkirch 733–1983 , published by the municipality of Enkirch, Enkirch 1983.
Hans Immich-Spier: Enkircher Annalen: Blitzlichter from the history of Enkirchs , Heimat- und Verkehrsverein Enkirch, Enkirch 1988, ISBN 3-925533-07-9 .