Black-throated wren

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Black-throated wren
Pheugopedius atrogularis 1902.jpg

Black-throated wren ( Pheugopedius atrogularis )

Systematics
Order : Passerines (Passeriformes)
Subordination : Songbirds (passeri)
Superfamily : Certhioidea
Family : Wrens (Troglodytidae)
Genre : Pheugopedius
Type : Black-throated wren
Scientific name
Pheugopedius atrogularis
( Salvin , 1865)

The Black-throated Wren ( Pheugopedius atrogularis ) is a bird art from the family of wrens (Troglodytidae) located in the eastern Caribbean lowlands of Nicaragua , Costa Rica and Panama is widespread. The IUCN assesses the population as Least Concern . The species is considered to be monotypical .

features

The black-throated wren reaches a body length of about 15.0 cm with a weight of the males of 24.3 g and the females of 22.5 g. He is a very dark wren with a black throat. Its plumage is more reminiscent of some ant thrushes than of wrens. The reins and earcovers are black with some white markings. The top of the head and the top are deep reddish brown, somewhat reddish at the rump . The wings of the hand and the wings of the arm are dark reddish brown throughout, the control feathers are blackish brown with inconspicuous yellow-brown markings on the outer flags in the rear area. The chin, throat and upper part of the chest are black, with reddish brown interspersed in the middle of the chest. The lower part of the chest and the belly are reddish chestnut-colored, the lower tail-coverts black with fine white horizontal lines. The eyes are reddish brown, the beak gray to black and the legs blackish or dark brown. Both sexes are similar. Young animals appear more uniform in color and significantly more matt than adult birds. The speckles on the ear covers are missing, the throat is matt blackish brown. This does not stand out so much from the lower chest area. There are no white stripes on the under tail-coverts.

Behavior and nutrition

Little data is available on the diet of the black-throated wren. It seems to feed mainly on insects and spiders. He mostly looks for his food in the relatively low, tangled vegetation and often in pairs.

Vocalizations

The singing of the black-throated wren consists of a distinctive series of rich whistles that end in trills. This is a warble that sounds lighter or deeper than the phrase before. Females often add a series of tones to the end of a phrase. The sounds are fast, nasally, such as wood rattling something like praaaat sounds or throaty rolling as biur or buiurr .

Reproduction

Little is known about the breeding biology of the black-throated wren. The breeding season in Costa Rica probably lasts April / May to August.

distribution and habitat

The black-throated wren prefers lowland and foothill forests and there specially regenerated clearings and secondary vegetation . You can see it regularly near water, albeit less often than the chestnut wren ( Cantorchilus nigricapillus ).

migration

It is believed that the black-throated wren is a resident bird .

Etymology and history of research

The first description of the black-throated wren was in 1865 by Osbert Salvin under the scientific name Thryothorus atrogularis . The type specimen was collected by Enrique Arcé near Tucurrique in the province of Cartago . As early as 1851, Jean Louis Cabanis introduced the genus Pheugopedius, which was new to science . This name is derived from "pheugō φευγω " for "avoid, flee" and "pedion, pedon πεδιον, πεδον " for "open land, ground". The species name "atrogularis" is the Latin word formation from "ater" for "black" and "gularis, gula" for "-throat, throat".

literature

  • Jean Louis Cabanis: Museum Heineanum Directory of the ornithological collection of the Oberamtmann Ferdinand Heine at Gut St. Burchard in front of Halberstatdt. With critical comments and a description of the new species, systematically edited by Dr. Jean Cabanis, first custodian of the Royal Zoological Collection in Berlin and Ferdinand Heine, student philosopher volume 1 . R. Frantz, Halberstadt 1850 ( biodiversitylibrary.org - 1850–1851).
  • Edward Clive Dickinson , Leslie K. Overstreet, Robert Jack Dowsett, Murray Duncan Bruce: Priority! The Dating of Scientific Names in Ornithology . Aves Press Limited, Northampton 2012, ISBN 978-0-9568611-1-5 .
  • James A. Jobling: Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names . Christopher Helm, London 2010, ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4 .
  • Donald Eugene Kroodsma, David Brewer in: Josep del Hoyo , Andrew Elliott, Jordi Sargatal , David Andrew Christie , Eduardo de Juana: Black-throated Wren (Pheugopedius atrogularis) in Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive . Lynx Edicions, Barcelona.
  • Osbert Salvin: Descriptions of seventeen new species of birds from Costa Rica . In: Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London for the year 1864 . No. 14 , 1865, p. 579-586 ( biodiversitylibrary.org - 1864).

Web links

Commons : Black-throated wren ( Pheugopedius atrogularis )  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ IOC World Bird List Dapple-throats, sugarbirds, fairy-bluebirds, kinglets, hyliotas, wrens, gnatcatchers
  2. ↑ a b c d e f Donald Eugene Kroodsma u. a.
  3. ↑ Osbert Salvin, pp. 579-580.
  4. ^ A b Jean Louis Cabanis, p. 79.
  5. ↑ James A. Jobling, p. 60.

Remarks

  1. ↑ Cabanis categorized the Corayazaunig ( Pheugopedius coraya ) in the new genus.
  2. ↑ For the history of the publication see Edward Clive Dickinson u. a. Pp. 80-81.