Black-fronted spring monkey
| Black-fronted spring monkey | ||||||||||||
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Black-fronted Spring monkey ( Callicebus nigrifrons ) |
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Callicebus nigrifrons | ||||||||||||
| ( Spix , 1823) |
The black-fronted jumper ( Callicebus nigrifrons ) is a primate species from the subfamily of jumper monkeys within the family of sakia monkeys (Pitheciidae). Until the end of the 1990s, it was considered a subspecies of the masked jumper .
features
Black-fronted jumper monkeys, like all jumper monkeys, are relatively small primates with thick fur and a long, bushy tail. The fur is predominantly gray in color, the chest is light brown. The hands and feet as well as the ears are black. The gray face is also surrounded by a black fringe of hair, which is particularly noticeable on the forehead. The tail, which is longer than the body, is orange in color. As with all jumping monkeys, it cannot be used as a prehensile tail.
distribution and habitat
Black-fronted jumper monkeys live in southeastern Brazil , their range includes a large part of the state of São Paulo , the south of Minas Gerais and the west of Rio de Janeiro (state) . Forests are their habitat.
Way of life
Little is known about the way of life of the black-fronted juggler monkey, presumably it corresponds to that of the other jumper monkeys. They are diurnal tree dwellers who move four-legged or jumping. Males and females live monogamous and often stay together for life. The family groups move into a fixed territory, which they defend aggressively against conspecifics if necessary. Their diet consists mainly of fruits, as well as leaves and possibly insects. The fathers participate intensively in raising the young, they carry the young around and leave it to the mother only to suckle.
communication
Black-fronted jugglers call out to warn each other if they spot an enemy nearby. Researchers found that mainly two warning calls are used, so-called A-calls for birds of prey and B-calls for predators on the ground. They combine these signals, for example when a bird of prey is on the ground or when a tiger cat is in a treetop. It is rare in the animal kingdom that two pieces of information are communicated in one message.
Danger
The habitat of the black-fronted juggler monkey is in one of the most densely populated regions of Brazil, their range has been drastically reduced and fragmented. There are some protected areas, overall the species is listed as " near threatened " by the IUCN .
literature
- Thomas Geissmann : Comparative Primatology. Springer-Verlag, Berlin et al. 2003, ISBN 3-540-43645-6 .
- Marc GM van Roosmalen, Tomas van Roosmalen and Russell A. Mittermeier: A Taxonomic Review of the Titi Monkeys, Genus "Callicebus" Thomas 1903, with the description of two new species: "Callicebus bernhardi" and "Callicebus stepehnnashi", from Brazilian Amazonia . In: Neotropical Primates. 10, ISSN 1413-4703 , 2002, pp. 1-52, PDF; 2.84 MB .
- Don E. Wilson, DeeAnn M. Reeder (Eds.): Mammal Species of the World. A taxonomic and geographic Reference. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore MD 2005, ISBN 0-8018-8221-4 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Cristiane Cäsar, Klaus Zuberbühler, Robert J. Young, Richard W. Byrne: Titi monkey call sequences vary with predator location and type , September 4, 2013
