Sulfur mask cantyrant

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Sulfur mask cantyrant
Pitangus sulphuratus 3.jpg

Sulfur Masked Tyrant ( Pitangus sulphuratus )

Systematics
Subordination : Screeching Birds (Tyranni)
Family : Tyrants (Tyrannidae)
Subfamily : Tyranninae
Tribe : Tyrannins
Genre : Pitangus
Type : Sulfur mask cantyrant
Scientific name
Pitangus sulphuratus
( Linnaeus , 1766)

The sulfur masked tyrant ( Pitangus sulphuratus ), also called sulfur tyrant, is a passerine bird and the only species in the genus Pitangus .

features

Close up of the head

The sulfur masked tyrant, 22 centimeters long and 63 grams, is a bird with a brown top, black and white striped head, yellow crown, white throat and yellow underside. The short, thick beak is colored black.

Occurrence

The sulfur masked centenary breeds from southern Texas and Mexico to Argentina . In the Caribbean it occurs in Trinidad , Bermuda and Tobago . The bird breeds in open woodland with some tall trees and also around human settlements.

behavior

A sulfur tyrant hating a bird of prey

The sulfur mask cantyrant is a loud, sociable bird that defends its territory even against larger birds. The omnivore feeds on insects, rodents, lizards, frogs, but also on fruits. It also catches fish by diving and is able to catch small bats (including Myotis albescens ) in flight.

Reproduction

Both parent birds build a large, arched nest made of plant stems and moss on a tree or a telephone pole. Only the female hatches two or three cream-colored red-brown spotted eggs.

Subspecies

Ten subspecies are known:

  • Pitangus sulphuratus texanus van Rossem , 1940 - This subspecies occurs from southern Texas to southeastern Mexico .
  • Pitangus sulphuratus derbianus ( Kaup , 1852) - The subspecies is common in eastern Mexico.
  • Pitangus sulphuratus guatimalensis ( Lafresnaye , 1852) - This subspecies is distributed from southeastern Mexico to central Panama .
  • Pitangus sulphuratus rufipennis ( Lafresnaye , 1851) - This subspecies occurs in northern Colombia and northern Venezuela .
  • Pitangus sulphuratus caucensis Chapman , 1914 - This subspecies is found in western and southern Colombia.
  • Pitangus sulphuratus trinitatis Hellmayr , 1906 - The subspecies is present in east Colombia, south and east Venezuela and north-west Brazil , as well as in Trinidad.
  • Pitangus sulphuratus sulphuratus ( Linnaeus , 1766) - The nominate form occurs in the Guyanas and in the north of Brazil, the south-east of Colombia and east of Ecuador to the south-east of Peru .
  • Pitangus sulphuratus maximiliani ( Cabanis & Heine , 1859) - The distribution area of ​​this subspecies extends over the north of Bolivia via Paraguay to the east and south of Brazil.
  • Pitangus sulphuratus bolivianus ( Lafresnaye , 1852) - This subspecies occurs only in eastern Bolivia.
  • Pitangus sulphuratus argentinus Todd , 1952 - This subspecies occurs in Paraguay, southeastern Brazil via Uruguay to central Argentina .

literature

  • Bryan Richard: Birds over 400 species from around the world . Parragon, Bath 2006, ISBN 1-4054-5506-3 .
  • Carl von Linné: Systema Naturae per Regna Tria Naturae, Secundum Classes, Ordines, Genera, Species, Cum Characteribus, Differentiis, Synonymis, Locis . 12th edition. tape 1 . Laurentii Salvii, Stockholm 1766 ( biodiversitylibrary.org [accessed March 2, 2015]).
  • Frédéric de Lafresnaye: Sur deux nouvelles espèces de Tyrans d'Amérique . In: Revue et magasin de zoologie pure et appliquée (=  2 ). tape 3 , 1851, pp. 470-476 ( biodiversitylibrary.org [accessed March 2, 2015]).
  • Frédéric de Lafresnaye: Sur quelques nouvelles espèces d'Oiseaux . In: Revue et magasin de zoologie pure et appliquée (=  2 ). tape 4 , 1852, p. 460-469 ( biodiversitylibrary.org [accessed March 2, 2015]).
  • Walter Edmond Clyde Todd: New tyrant flycatchers from South America . In: Annals of the Carnegie Museum . tape 32 , no. 5 , 1952, pp. 291-304 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
  • Frank Michler Chapman : Diagnoses of apparently new Colombian birds . In: The Condor . tape 33 , no. 12 , 1914, pp. 167–192 ( digitallibrary.amnh.org [PDF; 2.7 MB ; accessed on March 2, 2015]).
  • Johann Jakob Kaup: Descriptions of some new birds in the Museum of Earl of Derby . In: Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London . tape 19 , no. 221 , 1851, pp. 39–53 , panels 36–38 ( biodiversitylibrary.org [accessed March 2, 2015]).
  • Jean Louis Cabanis , Ferdinand Heine junior: Museum Heineanum Directory of the ornithological collection of Oberamtmann Ferdinand Heine at Gut St. Burchard before Halberstadt, Part II, the screeching birds . R. Frantz, Halberstadt 1859 ( reader.digitale-sammlungen.de [accessed on March 2, 2015]).
  • Adriaan Joseph van Rossem: Notes on some North American Birds of the genera Myiodynastes, Pitangus and Myiochanes . In: Transactions of the San Diego Society of Natural History . tape 9 , no. 17 , 1940, p. 79-86 ( biodiversitylibrary.org [accessed March 2, 2015]).
  • Carl Eduard Hellmayr: On the birds of the Islands of Trinidad . In: Novitates Zoologicae . tape 13 , no. 1 , 1906, p. 1-60 ( biodiversitylibrary.org [accessed March 2, 2015]).

swell

  1. ^ E. Fischer, RL Munin, JM Longo, W. Fischer, PR De Souza: Predation on bats by Great Kiskadees. In: Journal of Field Ornithology. 81, 2010, pp. 17-20.
  2. ^ IOC World Bird List Tyrant flycatchers.
  3. ^ Adriaan Joseph van Rossem, p. 82.
  4. ↑ Johann Jakob Kaup, p. 44, plate 36.
  5. ↑ Frédéric de Lafresnaye (1852), p. 462.
  6. ↑ Frédéric de Lafresnaye (1851), p. 471.
  7. ↑ Frank Michler Chapman, p. 179.
  8. ↑ Carl von Linné, p. 137.
  9. ↑ Jean Louis Cabanis et al. a., p. 63
  10. ↑ Frédéric de Lafresnaye (1852), p. 463.
  11. ^ Walter Edmond Clyde Todd, p. 291.

Web links

Commons : Sulfur Masked Tyrant ( Pitangus sulphuratus )  - Album with pictures, videos and audio files