Swine brucellosis
| Classification according to ICD-10 | |
|---|---|
| A23.2 | Brucellosis due to Brucella suis |
| ICD-10 online (WHO version 2019) | |
The porcine is a venereal disease of pigs which the bacterium Brucella suis from the genus Brucella is caused. The pig is also susceptible as a secondary host to Brucella abortus ( bovine brucellosis ) and Brucella melitensis ( sheep and goat brucellosis ), but shows hardly any clinical symptoms.
Epidemiology
The biovars of B. suis differ markedly in their virulence for humans . Biovar 2 has the lowest virulence for humans. Biovar 1 occurs worldwide, Biovar 2 only in Europe and Biovar 3 in America and Southeast Asia . In addition to pigs, Biovar 2 has the brown hare ( hare brucellosis ), which is an important natural source of infection , as its main host . Even wild boars are an important source of infection for pig herds.
clinic
The infestation of a herd becomes noticeable through frequent rustling of the sows, abortions and the birth of weak piglets. Infected boars transmit the pathogen during mating . They often develop unilateral testicular inflammation . The manifestation of the pathogen in bones , joints and tendon sheaths leads to lameness. Most of the changes focus on the reproductive system: abscesses and oozing changes in the uterus of sows. But changes can also be found in other organs and on the intervertebral discs.
diagnosis
The pathogens can be detected in serum by slow serum agglutination (SLA) and complement fixation reactions (KBR) . The certainty of detection of B. suis in vitro is lower than that of the other Brucella species, which is why animal experiments with guinea pigs are recommended more often . The brucellin test , an allergic intracutaneous test , is widely used in pigs .
Animal disease control
Brucellosis is a notifiable animal disease and a very dangerous zoonosis . The implementation of serological tests is regulated in EU law . In Germany, control is regulated in the Brucellosis Ordinance. Treatments and vaccinations are prohibited. Natural herds of brown hares and wild boars must be considered.
literature
- Medical microbiology, infection and epidemic theory von Rolle / Mayr, Enke Verlag Stuttgart (2007)
