Notifiable animal diseases (Germany)
Notifiable animal diseases are infectious diseases of domestic animals and wild animals for which a notification requirement exists in Germany according to the regulation on notifiable animal diseases . Even the suspicion of illness is notifiable. The duty to notify serves to ensure that the responsible veterinary offices gain immediate knowledge of a possible disease outbreak in order to be able to immediately initiate official measures to control the disease and prevent its spread.
Objectives of the notification requirement
The notifiable animal diseases are animal diseases that are of great economic importance or that endanger human health ( zoonoses ). In addition, animal diseases are also made subject to mandatory notification, in which individual control measures would not have sufficient effectiveness, which is why a coordinated approach by several participants is necessary to prevent the spread.
In domestic as well as in international trade and travel with animals, the freedom from animal diseases is an important condition for freedom of movement. Maintaining the health of animal stocks also plays an important role in modern animal breeding.
The notifiable animal diseases also include animal diseases that have never occurred in the Federal Republic of Germany or have not occurred for a very long time. These diseases are nevertheless included in the list of notifiable animal diseases in order to comply with applicable EC law, the requirements of bilateral agreements and the international reporting obligations of the Federal Republic of Germany.
The duty to notify is intended to ensure that an outbreak of an animal disease can be detected at an early stage so that the disease can be eradicated by government measures before it can spread.
In addition to animal owners and veterinarians, the Animal Health Act defines a wide range of people who are obliged to report to the competent authority, the veterinary office responsible for the area, in the event of a suspected disease . This also includes, for example, animal carers, transporters, commercial butchers and carcass disposal, farriers and hoof trimmers as well as insemination technicians. Even the mere suspicion of a notifiable animal disease is subject to the notification requirement. When a suspicion is reported, official sampling and diagnostic examinations are initiated immediately in order to clarify the suspicion of an epidemic immediately.
In addition to notifiable diseases , the Federal Ministry of Food and Agriculture also names notifiable animal diseases by ordinance. In contrast to the notifiable animal diseases, these are not combated by government measures. The obligation to notify is intended to ensure that the Federal Ministry of Food and Agriculture (BMEL), as the competent higher federal authority, has reliable knowledge of the type, scope and development of these diseases at all times, so that appropriate control measures can be initiated at an early stage if the disease situation arises makes this necessary.
Diagnosis
Since the suspicion of a notifiable animal disease has to be reported, reliable diagnostics for disease control and the prevention of the spread of the disease are of particular importance. In addition to the immediate isolation of the suspect animals, the competent authority therefore immediately orders diagnostic measures to confirm or refute the outbreak of the disease. This can also include ordering the killing and subsequent dissection of the affected animal (s) if a reliable diagnosis cannot be provided by other examinations. At the same time, the responsible person conducts an epidemiological investigation to determine the exact type of disease as well as the cause, the route of spread and the exact time of introduction.
As a national reference laboratory for the diagnosis and to notification of notifiable animal diseases , the Friedrich Loeffler Institute , headquartered on the island Riems named. As part of these tasks, the Friedrich Loeffler Institute publishes a collection of official methods that prescribe the manner in which samples are taken and the examination of the sample material.
Legal bases
The Animal Health Act, which came into force on May 1, 2014 (Act to Prevent and Combat Animal Diseases, TierGesG), empowers the Federal Ministry of Food and Agriculture to designate notifiable animal diseases by means of ordinances, insofar as this is to protect animals against the risk of animal diseases is required. When deciding whether a disease should be classified as a notifiable animal disease, the occurrence, extent and / or danger of the disease must be taken into account. The statutory ordinances issued require the approval of the Federal Council.
The notifiable animal diseases are named in the Ordinance on Notifiable Animal Diseases (TierSeuchAnzV).
The Animal Health Act also authorizes the Federal Ministry of Food and Agriculture to issue ordinances which prescribe the specific procedure to be followed by the veterinary offices as the competent authorities when an outbreak or suspicion of a certain notifiable animal disease is detected. These ordinances write specific protective measures for individual epidemics, such as the separation of affected animals, the obligation to stablish animals in a certain area or the establishment of restricted and protected areas from which and into which the movement of animals susceptible to the respective disease is regulated. Furthermore, certain therapeutic measures can be prescribed or prohibited by ordinances and certain disinfection measures to be carried out can be defined. For animal diseases that do not occur in the territory of the Federal Republic of Germany, the killing of all animals in a herd ( culling ) in which the disease has occurred can be prescribed by ordinance.
Through the animal disease legislation, the Federal Republic of Germany implements the applicable EU animal health law on a national level. The control measures for the most important animal diseases are uniformly regulated across the EU, with corresponding eradication and monitoring programs being defined. The implementation and implementation of these regulations is the responsibility of the individual EU member states.
List of notifiable animal diseases
The following animal diseases are subject to notification (as of April 2020): The numbering is based on the numbering in the applicable ordinance on notifiable animal diseases . This is not consistent, as changes in the ordinance in the past meant that the obligation to notify individual illnesses was no longer applicable or that it was extended to other illnesses, which were then sorted into the list in alphabetical order.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Notifiable animal diseases on the homepage of the Bavarian State Office for Health and Food Safety, accessed on June 3, 2016
- ↑ a b c Notifiable animal diseases on the homepage of the Federal Ministry of Food and Agriculture, accessed on June 3, 2016
- ↑ Council Directive 82/894 / EEC of December 21, 1982 on the notification of animal diseases in the Community, Official Journal of the EC, No. L 378, p. 58
- ^ Announcement of the International Convention on the Establishment of an International Office of Epizootics in Paris of April 29, 1974, Federal Law Gazette II p. 676
- ↑ Section 4, paragraphs 1 to 3 of the Animal Health Act
- ↑ Legal basis on the homepage of the Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, accessed on March 15, 2020
- ↑ § 5 of the Animal Health Act
- ↑ § 27 Paragraph 3 of the Animal Health Act
- ↑ Section 27 (5) of the Animal Health Act
- ↑ § 4 Paragraph 4 of the Animal Health Act
- ↑ a b Ordinance on notifiable animal diseases in the version published on 19 July 2011 ( Federal Law Gazette I p. 1404 ), amended by Article 3 of the Ordinance of 3 May 2016 ( Federal Law Gazette I p. 1057 )
- ↑ a b § 39 of the Animal Health Act
- ↑ Directive 2003/99 / EC on the monitoring of zoonoses and zoonotic pathogens and amending the Council Decision 90/424 / EEC as well as repealing Council Directive 92/117 / EEC, last amended by Directive 2006/104 / EC
- ↑ RL 2006/88 / EG with health and hygiene regulations for animals in aquaculture and aquaculture products and for the prevention and control of certain aquatic animal diseases
- ↑ RL 92/119 / EEC with general community measures to combat certain animal diseases as well as special measures with regard to vesicular pig disease, last amended by RL 2008/73 / EC
- ↑ RL 82/894 / EEC on the notification of cattle diseases in the Community, last amended by Decision 2008/650 / EC
- ↑ National Reference Laboratories - Legal Basis on the Friedrich Loeffler Institute website, accessed on June 4, 2016
