Swiss Schöterich
| Swiss Schöterich | ||||||||||||
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Swiss Schöterich ( Erysimum rhaeticum ) |
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| ( Schleich. Ex Hornem. ) DC. |
The Swiss Schöterich or Rhaetian Schöterich ( Erysimum rhaeticum , Syn .: Erysimum helveticum ) is a species of the cruciferous family (Brassicaceae). They only come in the Alps before,
description
The Swiss Schöterich is a perennial, herbaceous plant and reaches heights of 10 to 50, in extreme cases up to 120 centimeters. In higher altitudes it always grows rapidly, in lower areas not necessarily. The leaves are sometimes serrated away. The hair is twofold.
The flowering time is in June and July. The flowers are in terminal clusters . In lower altitudes there are up to twelve lateral grapes below the terminal ones, in higher altitudes these are absent. The hermaphrodite flowers are fourfold. The four sepals are clearly sagging at the base and 8 to 11 millimeters long. The petals are yellow and 14 to 22 millimeters long, the anthers 2 to 4 millimeters long.
The pods end up in a 2.6 to 3.2 mm long pen , which is clearly separated from the fruit. The seeds are winged narrowly at the tip.
The Swiss Schöterich is octoploid with the chromosome number 2n = 56.
ecology
The Swiss Schöterich is a hemicryptophyte .
The pollination is done by bees or by self-pollination . The spread of diasporas done anemochor and auto choir .
distribution
The Swiss Schöterich is native to the Alps of France and Italy (in South Tyrol especially in Vinschgau), in Switzerland and in Tyrol (Oberinntal). In Switzerland, it is considered severely endangered in the Swiss Plateau and on the northern flank of the Alps, but its main area of distribution is south of the main Alpine ridge in Valais, Ticino and Graubünden. It grows in rocks, rock rubble and dry grass on steep slopes of the colline to montane elevation . In the plant sociological system there is a connection to the inner alpine rock steppes (Stipo-Poion) and the continental steppe-pine forest (Ononido-Pinion). In the Alps it develops its optimum in Festuco-Brometea societies from the colline to the alpine level.
literature
- Manfred A. Fischer, Wolfgang Adler, Karl Oswald: Excursion flora for Austria, Liechtenstein and South Tyrol . 2nd, improved and enlarged edition. State of Upper Austria, Biology Center of the Upper Austrian State Museums, Linz 2005, ISBN 3-85474-140-5 .
- Siegmund Seybold (Ed.): Schmeil-Fitschen interactive . CD-ROM, version 1.1. Quelle & Meyer, Wiebelsheim 2002, ISBN 3-494-01327-6 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Jaakko Jalas, Juha Suominen: Atlas florae europaeae . Volume 10 Cruciferae (Sisymbrium to Aubrieta). Page 55, Helsinki 1994. ISBN 951-9108-09-2
- ↑ Erysimum rhaeticum . In: Tela Botanica .
- ↑ Erysimum rhaeticum. In: IPFI (Indice dei nomi delle specie botaniche presenti in Italia).
- ↑ Daniel M. Moser, Andreas Gygax, Beat Bäumler, Nicolas Wyler, Raoul Palese: Red List of Endangered Species in Switzerland: Ferns and Flowering Plants . Ed .: Federal Office for the Environment, Forests and Landscape. Bern 2002, p. 62 ( Online [PDF; 1,2 MB ; accessed on August 8, 2019]).
- ↑ Ersyimum rhaeticum (distribution map ). In: Info Flora (the national data and information center for Swiss flora).
- ↑ Ersyimum rhaeticum (ecology). In: Info Flora (the national data and information center for Swiss flora).
- ↑ David Aeschimann et al .: Flora Alpina . Volumes 1 and 2. Bern, Stuttgart, Vienna Haupt-Verlag, 2004. ISBN 3-258-06600-0
Web links
- Günther Blaich: Photos of European plants. Erysimum rhaeticum.