Select from the Nuremberg patriciate

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The Selekt des Nürnberger Patriciats is a community of interests of the Nuremberg patricians founded in 1799 .

backgrounds

history

During the Thirty Years' War , the "Inner Council" tried to confiscate the money deposited by the Nuremberg merchants in the Banco Publico as forced loans . This measure provoked the massive protest of the large merchants organized in the trade board. They forced the council to repay the funds already withdrawn. Since the market heads appointed by the council since 1603, who supervised the Banco Publico by the merchants in the Bancoamt, could not prevent the council's intentions, the merchants formed an independent committee in 1635 from which the council could select the twelve market adjuncts . These market adjuncts (also called 'twelve' because of the number) were assigned to the market managers and had the right to inspect the books and thus exercised the supervision of the bank. In future, the voluntary market managers should also be recruited from this college.

Basic contract

After the Thirty Years' War, i.e. in the 17th and early 18th centuries, the Nuremberg trade and merchants took action against the sole rule of the patriciate.

The merchants and market managers took the initiative again in 1785, triggered by an extra tax, and in 1786 brought the "named of the Greater Council" behind them. On April 24, 1786, they presented Emperor Joseph with a letter of petition signed by 112 people from Nuremberg (a so-called supplik), in which above all the threat of state bankruptcy and the presumptuousness of the council oligarchy were pointed out. (The foremost slogan (administrator of the city taxes ) Paul Albrecht Rieter von Kornburg had already denounced the grievances in the Inner Council at the end of the 17th century, but failed because of the council's resistance).

This was followed by a formal complaint drawn up by Julius Friedrich von Malblanc . The lawsuit was dismissed, but the opposition had formed. Since the financial situation of the Losungamt (tax office) became more and more problematic, despite various measures, including extensive loan cancellations, the establishment of an 'Economy Improvement Deputation' and in 1793 an 'Economy Improvement and Invoice Revision College' was implemented. The draft of a redesign of the city constitution was drawn up, on the basis of which the basic agreement was signed on February 13, 1794.

The basic contract regulated the position of the Inner Council and the named college, which was now recognized as a separate institution, as well as the invoice revision committee. The named college, which had a membership of 250, should include 70 patricians, 20 scholars, 20 imperial city officials, 70 artisans and 70 merchants. The above-mentioned college, which now created its own administration under the leadership of the merchants, had a say in all tax matters, in state contracts, sales of state assets and taking out loans. A 17-member 'Select Committee' was formed to manage the company, which in turn consisted of seven patricians, four market managers, a bourgeois consultant (advisor), two merchants and three master craftsmen. The committee could now decide for itself when it met. All of its resolutions had to be ratified by the Inner Council.

This, as well as unclear competencies between the three institutions that now exercised the city government, largely prevented changes. They blocked each other.

Imperial Subdelegation Commission

After the turmoil of the "pancake uprising" and the first coalition wars, the patriciate attempted in 1797 to return to the old city constitution with the help of an imperial subdelegation commission , which was supposed to act as the upper government. After initial resistance, on April 6, 1797, the aforementioned college agreed to the appointment of a subdelegation commission, which enabled stronger interventions in the cumbersome official organization of the imperial city.

As early as December 7, 1797, the imperial city officials were released from their oath on the council and sworn in to the Imperial Subdelegation Commission.

The council was only self-sufficient in foreign policy. Due to decisions of the appointed Reichshofrat, the organization of offices was fundamentally redesigned and most of the deputations were canceled. The three most important authorities Losungamt, Landpflegamt and Kriegsamt were dissolved, special administrations of manors were merged and the administrative organization was simplified. By 1805, new central authorities were established with the Rentkammer, Territorialamt, Fraisch- und Frevelamt and Police Department, and the organization of the courts was simplified.

The implementation of the decisions, shaped by the discussion between the council and the named panel, turned out to be a lengthy process. On September 30, 1805, a decree of the Imperial Subdelegation Commission established a reorganization of the composition of the council. The 35 senators of the new council were to be made up of twenty-seven patricians and eight citizens. The three council directors should alternate the presidency every four months. Much was delayed due to the uncertain foreign policy situation, especially since Nuremberg had been under French occupation again since March 1806. The Rhine Confederation Act of July 12, 1806 then provided for Nuremberg to be handed over to the Wittelsbach family, but the Imperial Subdelegation Commission did not leave until September 8, 1806. On September 15, 1806, Count Friedrich Karl von Thürheim took over Nuremberg from the French commissioner Joseph Mathias Fririon.

Select from the Nuremberg patriciate

In view of the previous history, the tasks and efforts of the Imperial Subdelegation Commission and the uncertain future prospects, the Nuremberg patriciate endeavored from 1797 to protect its own interests. He was concerned with maintaining the class, with the capital that the patrician families and their foundations had lent to the city, with their extensive real estate, with preventing possible disadvantages in the introduction of new tax rates and with their sovereign rights and jurisdiction.

In order to safeguard these interests, the formerly single-ruling families united to form the Selekt of the Nuremberg patriciate.

Christoph Wilhelm Friedrich Stromer von Reichenbach, the assessor at the city and marriage court, gave the impetus to set up the selection. Initially, he had a purely legal representation in mind in the form of a patron saint, but no suitable person could be found. For this reason, it was decided in 1799 that three patricians with a good legal background should be named as representatives by means of a certificate. The select of the Nuremberg patriciate was thus brought into being.

The first representatives of the Selekt:

Christoph Karl Sigmund Holzschuher von Harrlach (1777–1861) was named in 1800 as the first patron of the Selekt. All male members of the patriciate who were either 24 years old, married or held an office were entitled to vote for the selection. From 1803 it consisted of seven elected members. As early as 1806 the number was reduced to three again. From the beginning, the Selekt mainly represented the concerns of the patrician family foundations vis-à-vis the subdelegation commission, a concern that continued in the fight against the provisions of the Bavarian Fideikommissedikt of 1808 and since then has remained exclusively focused on the family foundations.

The Selekt survived the coalition wars, the transition from Nuremberg to Bavaria, the revolution of 1848 and the radical upheavals of 1918 and 1945 and still exists today as a union of the former patrician families.

See also

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Glossary German-New High German ( Memento of the original dated December 31, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , uni-hamburg.de. Retrieved December 30, 2013. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / webapp6.rrz.uni-hamburg.de

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