Stromer from Reichenbach

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The coat of arms of the Stromer

The Stromer von Reichenbach are one of the oldest patrician families in the imperial city of Nuremberg , first mentioned in a document in 1254. The Stromer were since the beginning of tradition in 1318, with longer interruptions in the 16th and 17th centuries, until the end of the imperial city period in 1806 Represented internal councils and, according to the dance statute, belonged to the twenty old generations capable of counseling.

The family seat has been Grünsberg Castle from 1754 until today , which originally came from the Paumgartners and came to the Stromer through marriage through the Haller family.

history

The origins of the Stromer (in the Middle Ages also Strohmeyer , Stromeir , Stromair , Stromeyr or Stromayr ) can be found in the vicinity of the Staufer family of imperial ministers, the Ramung von Kammerstein - Reichenbach - Schwabach (for the first time Ulman Stromer in his family chronicle). The progenitor Conrat (or Cunradus) Stromeier, who appeared in Nuremberg as a witness in legal transactions around 1240 (certainly not until 1254), called himself Stromeier von Schwabach . By being admitted to the Inner Council , since records began in 1318, the family belonged to the ruling Nuremberg patriciate early on . Usually the gender was represented twice in the Inner Council.

Relationships with the Waldstromer von Reichelsdorf and the Stromer von Auerbach (which appear in Auerbach in the Upper Palatinate in the 15th century ) have not been satisfactorily clarified.

With the Gruber-Podmer-Stromerschen Handelsgesellschaft , the Stromer played a central role in Nuremberg trading in the 14th and 15th centuries, one of the largest and most important commercial enterprises of that time. The typical range of goods of the late Middle Ages (spices, textiles, metals, metal goods) was traded. The trade network stretched across Europe, from Barcelona to Riga and Azov, from Naples to Copenhagen and London. Iron ore mining in the Upper Palatinate, copper mining in Bohemia ( Kuttenberg ) and Upper Hungarian Slovakia ( Neusohl ), financial transactions and companies for the manufacture of paper and metal products were added to long-distance trade . As a result, the Stromer also had an influence on the production of cut, stabbing and firearms. Mining , smelting and hammer mills were connected, and Peter Stromer planned reforestation in the Lorenzer Reichswald as early as 1368 to ensure their sustainable wood supply . Co-shareholders or trading partners were the Groß , Mendel and Pfinzing . This circle expanded around 1400 to include the Pirckheimer , Imhoff , Aislinger and Gruber trading families who had come to Nuremberg from the Lauingen area .

A particularly respected line of the family was called in the 14./15. Century after their ancestral home "zur golden rose" (on the site of the later Welserhof ). From the late 16th century, when many patrician families based on the example of the nobility added place names to their family names, the Stromer named themselves after their traditional place of origin of Reichenbach . In 1697 it was added to the title of nobility when the Nuremberg patricians were granted the title of noble .

During this time, close contacts between the family and Roman emperors (especially Charles IV ) and high imperial princes ( Ruprecht II of the Palatinate ) can be proven. Ulman I. Stromer (1329-1407) was closely connected with the Palatinate Wittelsbach Elector Ruprecht II and his financial support contributed to the overthrow of King Wenzel (1376-1400) and the election of Ruprecht II's son Ruprecht III in 1400 . to the Roman-German king (1400–1410). King Ruprecht was guest of Ulman Stromer on the occasion of stays at the Nuremberg Imperial Castle and in 1401 his wife, Queen Elisabeth , née Countess of Hohenzollern-Nuremberg, was the godmother of Ulman's granddaughter.

Stromer window in St. Lorenz (around 1540)

The plague , which in 1406/07 killed eight Stromers working in the family company (including Ulman I), almost led to the ruin of the company. Ulman's surviving son Georg (1375–1437) subsequently opened together with his father-in-law Hans Aislinger from Lauingen, who became a citizen of Nuremberg in 1370 and was also named in the greater council of the imperial city between 1380 and 1407 , as well as his grandson Hans Ortlieb († 1459) its own company, the Stromer-Ortlieb trading company , which took over the business area of ​​the old Gruber-Podmer-Stromer-Gesellschaft. The new company made loans to King Sigismund . In the autumn of 1414 Georg Stromer took him through the Hadermühle , where he produced the first paper north of the Alps, because the king was looking for alternative sources of purchase for the paper, which had already become indispensable in the news system of the time, for his economic war against Venice. In 1412 Hans Gruber († 1443) joined the company as a factor. Sigmund I. Stromer zur golden rose († 1435) played an important role in 1424 in saving the imperial regalia for King Sigismund from Hungary, besieged by the Hussites. The king handed over the imperial city's crown treasure to loyal hands, where it was kept for almost 400 years in the Heilig-Geist-Spital .

The Hussite Wars , Sigismund's economic war against Venice, losses in London and Copenhagen as well as the enormous embezzlement of Hans Ortlieb led to the bankruptcy of the second electricity company around 1430. The now independent trading companies of Imhoff and Gruber took over their inheritance .

The Stromer could not recover for a long time from the resulting loss of importance, so that in the 16th and 17th centuries they were not represented in the ruling "Inner Council" for longer periods. Wolf Jacob Stromer (1561–1614), member of the Inner Council, but then played an important role as city architect in the period before the Thirty Years' War; Among other things, he had the fortifications expanded, bridges built, the imperial city fortress Lichtenau reinforced and designed the four-winged Renaissance building of the old town hall (built from 1616) .

After the end of the imperial city period and the takeover of Nuremberg by Bavaria in 1808, the Stromer, together with the other patrician families, were enrolled as nobles in the Bavarian nobility in 1813. As one of the old councilors according to the dance statute, the Stromer von Reichenbach were raised to the baron status in 1820 . Karl Otto Stromer Freiherr von Reichenbach (1831-1891) was the last and only member of the patriciate who provided a first mayor for 24 years (from 1867 to 1891) during the founding period .

Today the Stromer'sche Kulturgut-, Monument- und Naturstiftung is entrusted with the preservation and care of the remaining Stromer (and above all Paumgartner ) legacy at Grünsberg Castle , on whose board of trustees there are still several family members.

coat of arms

An overturned silver triangle in red, with half silver lilies at the tips.

The Stromer coat of arms was taken over by the related utilities , which led to a coat of arms dispute which was decided by the council in 1380 to the effect that the utilities were allowed to use the same coat of arms. (The Geuder have a similar triangular coat of arms, but with stars instead of lilies and on a blue shield ).

Possessions

The Stromer owned large estates in and around Nuremberg. From 1387, their Nuremberg parent company was located behind the Lorenz Church on the corner of Lorenzer Platz and Totengäßchen (today: the area of ​​the Stadtsparkasse), which they sold in 1795.

To this day they are involved as foundation administrators in the administration of the following possessions of patrician " advances ":

As administrator of the Tetzel Family Foundation :

They also owned:

  • 1310–1336 approx. The Zeltner Castle in Gleißhammer
  • 13 ?? - 1391 the keep (later Burgfriedschlösschen) in Nuremberg- Sündersbühl
  • 1354–1576 approx. The manor house and possessions in Mausgesees (district of Erlangen-Höchstadt)
  • 1356–1506 the house at the golden rose (Theresienstraße 7, the later Welserhof )
  • 1368–1479 Magnificent business and residential building immediately north of the Frauenkirche ( Hauptmarkt 16 / Obstgasse 2, sales price 1479: 5500 guilders)
  • 1370–1411 Estate with Harrlach Castle near Allersberg
  • 1391–1463 the Hadermühle (a paper mill)
  • 1412-1414 Kalbensteinberg
  • 1448–1454 approx. The Hallerweiherhaus (destroyed in 1944, today: site of the Federal Employment Agency )
  • 1453–1491 the lower castle in Laufamholz
  • 1559–1943 the Stromer manor in Almoshof , Almoshofer Hauptstraße 84 (from 1586, destroyed in 1943, the property is still owned by the family)
  • 1747 - ???? Manorial rule in Fischbach near Nuremberg
  • 1750–1853 Holnstein Castle (District Amberg-Sulzbach)
  • 1880–1891 the Waldstromerschlösschen in Reichelsdorf

Known family members

Peter I. Stromer († 1388), councilor and merchant
Wolf Jacob I. Stromer von Reichenbach (1561–1614), city architect
  • Conrad III. Stromer before the preachers (1303–1383), the "long Stromer", builder of the debt tower in Nuremberg (1323)
  • Ulrich I. "Hasto" Stromer vom Zotenberg / bei Unser Frauen († 1385), banker and merchant, insurrectionist 1348/49, negotiation of the fateful market history of Charles IV in Prague, which cost around 500 Jews their lives, close connection to the Frauenkirche
  • Ulrich II. Stromer to the golden rose († 1379), merchant, 1st supreme captain, acquisition of the house to the golden rose (Theresienstrasse 7), caretaker of the Egidienkloster, host of Duke Rudolf IV, window foundation in the east choir of the Sebaldus church.
  • Peter I. Stromer († 1388), councilor and merchant, inventor of coniferous forest seeds
  • Ulman I. Stromer (1329–1407), councilor and merchant, coal and steel entrepreneur, author of the Püchel von meim geslecht and von abentewr and founder of the first paper mill north of the Alps (Hadermühle), acquisition of a magnificent property on the main market, participation in the debt repayment and on the fall of King Wenceslas.
  • Sigmund I. Stromer on the golden rose († 1435), played an important role in saving the imperial regalia from Hungary (1424), confidante of Emperor Sigismund
  • Hans IV. Stromer (1517–1592), Nuremberg city judge, the so-called Bratwurst- Stromer, from 1559 imprisoned for life in the Luginsland tower and in the debtor's tower for betrayal of secrets and foul speech (according to other sources for killing a foreign nobleman) ; his request to have two sausages delivered to him every day was granted. After 38 years fell from the tower to his death.
  • Wolf Jacob I. Stromer von Reichenbach (1561–1614), city architect of Nuremberg (from 1589 to 1614): management of the construction of the meat bridge , Lichtenau fortress , completion of the city fortifications
  • Wolf Albrecht Stromer von Reichenbach (1626–1702), author of "Die edle Gartenwissenschaft" (1671) and a travelogue in Germany (1676)
  • Christoph Friedrich I. Stromer (1712–1794), foremost Losunger (1764–1794, longest term of office ever!) And Reichsschultheiß, hostage of the Prussian Major General Friedrich Ludwig von Kleist (1762).
  • Christoph Wilhelm Friedrich Stromer von Reichenbach (1737–1805), assessor at the city and marriage court, initiator of the selection of the Nuremberg patriciate
  • Baron Karl Otto Stromer von Reichenbach (1831–1891), First Mayor of Nuremberg (1867–1891)
  • Ernst Freiherr Stromer von Reichenbach (1871–1952), German paleontologist and dinosaur researcher
  • Wolfgang Freiherr Stromer von Reichenbach (1922–1999), professor of economic, social and technological history

Web links

Commons : Stromer  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Stromer von Auerbach . This family includes the Leipzig city councilor, doctor and university professor Heinrich Stromer (around 1476 to 1542), who built Auerbach's court in Leipzig from 1530 and set up the wine bar known from Goethe's Faust I in Auerbach's cellar .
  2. ^ Company history: Stromer , in: New German Biography
  3. Wolfgang Stromer von Reichenbach : 600 years of coniferous forest sowing, the achievement of Peter Stromer von Nürnberg . In: Georg Sperber : The Reichswälder near Nuremberg - from the history of the oldest artificial forest . Munich and Neustadt an der Aisch 1968, p. 25
  4. Herrensitze.com : Hadermühle (Giersch / Schlunk / von Haller)
  5. History. The client and the founder. In: tetzelschloss.de. Retrieved on December 14, 2010 : "Since 1729 [the administration of the foundation] has been incumbent on the von Volckhamerschen family, in more recent times together with the von Stromer family."
  6. The story of Harrlach ( Memento of the original from July 11, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.stadt-roth.de
  7. ^ History of Kalbensteinberg. (PDF) (No longer available online.) Formerly in the original ; Retrieved August 22, 2009 .  ( Page no longer available , search in web archivesInfo: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / www.gasthof-zur-post-kalbensteinberg.de  
  8. Almoshof III , on Herrensitze.com (Giersch / Schlunk / von Haller)
  9. Holnstein Castle
  10. Ernst Probst : The Bratwurst Stromer ate two Bratwursts every day. (No longer available online.) Open-report.de, January 14, 2016, archived from the original on May 31, 2016 ; accessed on May 31, 2016 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.open-report.de
  11. ^ The noble garden science

literature

  • Diefenbacher, Michael; Hamberger, Joachim; Schmidt, Frieder; Sperling, Barbara, Stromer , in: Neue Deutsche Biographie 25 (2013), pp. 574–578
  • Peter Fleischmann: Councilor and patriciate in Nuremberg. The rule of the councilors from the 13th to the 18th century , Nuremberg 2008 (= Nürnberger Forschungen 31), Vol. 2: Councilors and councilors.
  • Ernst Stromer von Reichenbach: Our ancestors in the imperial city of Nuremberg from 1250 to 1806 . Nuremberg: Fromman, 1951, 44 pp.
  • Wolfgang Stromer von Reichenbach: The Nuremberg trading company Gruber-Podmer-Stromer in the 15th century . Dissertation University of Erlangen-Nuremberg. Nuremberg: Association for the History of the City of Nuremberg , 1963, 192 p. (Nuremberg Research; Volume 7)
  • Adalbert Scharr: The Nuremberg Reichsforstmeister family Waldstromer until 1400 and contributions to the older genealogy of the Forstmeister and Stromer von Reichenbach families . In: Communications of the Association for the History of the City of Nuremberg, Volume 52, 1963/64, pp. 1–41
  • Christoph von Imhoff (Hrsg.): Famous Nuremberg from nine centuries . Nuremberg: Hofmann, 1984, 425 pages, ISBN 3-87191-088-0 ; 2., erg. U. exp. Edition, 1989, 459 p .; New edition: Edelmann GmbH Buchhandlung, October 2000
  • Michael Diefenbacher : Stromer von Reichenbach, patrician family . In: Michael Diefenbacher, Rudolf Endres (Hrsg.): Stadtlexikon Nürnberg . 2nd, improved edition. W. Tümmels Verlag, Nuremberg 2000, ISBN 3-921590-69-8 ( online ).

Movies

See also