Wolf Jacob Stromer

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Wolf Jacob Stromer

Wolf Jacob Stromer (born May 26, 1561 in Nuremberg ; † June 29, 1614 there ) was council builder for the city of Nuremberg from 1589 until his death. During his 25-year tenure, many of the city's important Renaissance buildings were built.

origin

Wolf Jacob Stromer belonged to a patrician family that was one of the most important patrician families in the imperial city of Nuremberg in the Middle Ages . The family was represented in the “Inner Council” of Nuremberg with longer interruptions in the 16th and 17th centuries, including Wolf Jakob Stromer. His ancestor Ulman Stromer wrote the earliest work in Nuremberg history and founded and operated Germany's first paper mill . Another ancestor, Peter Stromer , invented the conifer seed. The motto of the Stromer is: "dum spiro, spero" - in German: "as long as I breathe, I hope" .

His father was Fritz Friedrich Stromer, his mother Barbara Tucher (1530–1605).

Life

Wolf Jakob Stromer was very young in 1575 at the age of 14 and was one of the first students to be enrolled at the Imperial City Academy in Altdorf and, after a short interim phase in Ingolstadt, completed his academic training in Bologna in 1579 .

In Italy he traveled to Padua , Florence , Rome and Venice and there evidently acquired a great deal of knowledge of classical and modern architecture. After he returned to Nuremberg, he married Sabine Scheurl , the daughter of the city judge Christoph Scheurl , in 1584 . Both should have 12 children together.

In the same year he entered the official career and was appointed chief forester. Five years later he was accepted into the "Inner Council" and was appointed council builder. He thus succeeded Hieronymus Holzschuher and held the office for 25 years until his death. Stromer's grave in the Johannisfriedhof has been preserved to this day.

Services

Lichtenau Fortress
Old Town Hall , four-wing Renaissance building, designed by Wolf Jacob Stromer (built after his death from 1616)

Several extremely important buildings were built under Stromer's direction, which still shape the cityscape of Nuremberg today. This is mainly due to the fact that he had "congenial employees" (Fleischmann 2008) at his side with Jakob Wolff the elder and the master carpenter Peter Carl. These include the new construction of the master builder's house in the Peunt, expansion and reinforcement of the Lichtenau fortress and the completion of work on the Nuremberg fortifications, such as the Wöhrdertor bastion.

All eighteen Pegnitz bridges - destroyed or damaged after devastating floods in 1595 and 1602 - were renewed. Particularly noteworthy are the meat bridge and the ABC bridge .

The meat bridge lies at the narrowest point of the Pegnitz and is therefore exposed to the strongest flow forces within the walls. Since the bridge also had to carry the main transit and the largest inner-city traffic, Stromer had it rebuilt in 1596-98 by the builder Jakob Wolff the Elder and the master carpenters Mathes Herdegen and Peter Carl. Erected as a single-arch stone bridge on a foundation of over 2000 wooden piles, it was inspired from a technical point of view by the Rialto Bridge in Venice, of which Stromer had a wooden model that could be dismantled into its individual architectural parts . It is still in the original transport box in Grünsberg Castle near Altdorf in the Nuremberg region. The meat bridge is considered to be the most technically important bridge construction of this time in Europe and even withstood the neighboring bombs in World War II; In 2004 it had to be repaired for the first time.

The 40 meter long and 7.5 meter wide ABC bridge (replaced by the Charles Bridge in 1728) was built by Wolf Jakob Stromer in 1603/04 based on the model of the Ponte degli Alpini over the Brenta by the Italian architect Andrea Palladio .

Significant private construction projects in the city and in the Nuremberg countryside were also carried out during Stromer's tenure, for example at the Fembohaus , the Pellerhaus , the manor houses of the Geuder von Heroldsberg / Welser in Neunhof near Lauf and the Tetzel castle in Kirchensittenbach.

He also designed the extension of the Gothic Old Town Hall , a four-wing Renaissance building in the Italian style, the preliminary planning and conception of which go back to him. The large four-wing complex was built soon after his death (from 1616 to 1622) by Jakob Wolff the Younger, who made changes to the designs.

Works

  • Builder's books: Of great importance for the history of architecture and art of the Renaissance are the twelve still rather unknown master builder's books from Stromer's possession (today partly in the Nuremberg State Archives), which he had produced by a wide variety of hands that were not yet identified in detail during his tenure (after Stromer 1997: including Jacob the Elder and the Younger Wolff, Peter Carl, Peter Hochheimer, Wolf Eisenmann, Jörg Gärtner, Andreas Albrecht, Hans Bien, Paulus the Elder Pfinzing, Wendel Dietterlin, Leonhard Weitmann, Gideon Bacher , Caspar Schwabe, Pietro Ceccini). Several hundred large-format sheets show views and ground plans and elevations of cities, individual buildings and defenses as well as technical constructions and a few curiosities of the time, such as a giraffe that was given to the Turkish sultan. The Baumeisterbuch I also contains a drawing by Acrimboldi's “The Landscape as a Face”.
  • The numerous sketches and maps that Wolf Jakob Stromer made or had made during his activity are preserved in the Nuremberg City Library. Among other things, a pen drawing has been preserved showing the supply of the fountain in front of St. Egidien . There is also a drawing of the German House ( Deutschherrenorden ) near St. Jakob as well as a floor plan of the houses on the main market and on Ratsgasse.

See also

Literature and Sources

  • Wolfgang Stromer: Palladio north of the Alps: Nuremberg under Wolf-Jacob Stromer (council builder 1561–1614), in: Jörgen Bracker (ed.): Building according to nature. Palladio - Palladio's heirs north of the Alps. Accompanying volume for the special exhibition in the Museum für Hamburgische Geschichte, May 30 to August 31, 1997, Ostfildern 1997, pp. 170–180.
  • Peter Fleischmann: Councilor and patriciate in Nuremberg. The rule of the councilors from the 13th to the 18th century, Nuremberg 2008 (= Nürnberger Forschungen 31), Vol. 2: Councilors and councilors.
  • Christoph von Imhoff (Hrsg.): Famous Nuremberg from nine centuries . Hofman, Nürnberg 1984, 425 pages, ISBN 3-87191-088-0 ; 2., erg. U. exp. Edition, 1989, 459 p .; New edition: Edelmann GmbH Buchhandlung, October 2000
  • Günter Tiggesbäumker: Hand- drawn maps and plans of the Nuremberg City Library. Self-published by the Nuremberg City Library 1988, pp. 14, 67, 70
  • Michael Diefenbacher : Stromer, Wolf Jacob . In: Michael Diefenbacher, Rudolf Endres (Hrsg.): Stadtlexikon Nürnberg . 2nd, improved edition. W. Tümmels Verlag, Nuremberg 2000, ISBN 3-921590-69-8 ( online ).

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Wolf Jakob Stromer, architect and councilor builder ( Memento from December 9, 2013 in the Internet Archive )
  2. ↑ Pictures of the model of the Rialto Bridge
personal data
SURNAME Stromer, Wolf Jacob
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German city architect in Nuremberg
DATE OF BIRTH May 26, 1561
PLACE OF BIRTH Nuremberg
DATE OF DEATH June 29, 1614
Place of death Nuremberg