Scheurl from Defersdorf

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Scheurl coat of arms, around 1605

The Scheurl von Defersdorf are a patrician family of the imperial city of Nuremberg . It was first mentioned in a document in 1440. The family seat is still the former Zeidelgut Fischbach, which was taken over from the Holzschuher property in 1535 . The Scheurl were represented in the Inner Council from 1729 until the end of the imperial city period in 1806 .

history

Albrecht Dürer : Scheurl and Tucher coat of arms , around 1512
Christoph II. Scheurl (1481–1542) in 1509 as rector of the Wittenberg University (from Lucas Cranach the Elder )

The origin of the Scheurl gender, which is capable of advising and tournament, is in Swabia, in the Esslingen , Lauingen and Gundelfingen area . The Scheurl became prosperous through long-distance trade. They settled in Wroclaw in 1440 as merchants and long-distance traders .

Christoph I. Scheurl (1457–1519) moved from Breslau to Nuremberg . As early as 1481 he was accepted as a named member of the Great Nuremberg Council and in 1485 obtained citizenship there. He married Helena Tucher from the Nuremberg patriciate . The son Christoph II had their double coat of arms engraved in copper by Albrecht Dürer in 1512 . In 1485 Christoph I bought a town house below the imperial castle , in which he entertained King Maximilian in 1491 . Its trade network extended from Lemberg in the east to Venice and Lucca in the south, the range of products was extensive and mainly comprised gold and silver threads, silver, pewter, silk, silk goods and cloth. Scheurl and his son Albrecht (1482–1531) expanded the business areas and also became mining entrepreneurs in the Bohemian and Saxon mountain areas. In 1500 they lost a large part of their fortune. Albrecht was murdered in 1531 by the robber baron Thomas von Absberg .

The older son Christoph Scheurl II (1481–1542) studied canon law in Heidelberg and Bologna and was influenced there by leading humanists . The theologian Johann von Staupitz referred him to the Saxon Elector Friedrich the Wise , who appointed the clergyman in 1507 to be professor of canon law and rector of the University of Wittenberg . In 1509 Lucas Cranach the Elder painted there . Ä. his portrait. In September 1511 Staupitz also brought his student Martin Luther as a doctoral student to the university headed by Scheurl. In December 1511, however, to the chagrin of the elector, Scheurl accepted an appointment as counsel to Nuremberg; There he participated in the codification and reform of local civil law and was on diplomatic missions for the Nuremberg Council. In 1519 he switched to lay status and married Katharina Fütterer , who came from a well-known large merchant family that had belonged to the patriciate since 1501. After Luther's Reformation with the posting of theses in 1517, Scheurl sent the 95 theses to colleagues and tried to mediate between Luther and Johannes Eck . In the Nuremberg Religious Discussion in 1525 he also sided with the evangelical preachers. However, he kept in contact with both Catholic and Reformation theologians and, after a dispute with Philipp Melanchthon , he finally sided with Catholic humanism after the Diet of Augsburg in 1530.

In 1566, the family acquired the Defersdorf estate and from then on called themselves Scheurl von Defersdorf , following the example of the nobility . Although the Scheurl were very wealthy and highly regarded, they were only able to judge in 1580 and were co-opted into the patriciate in 1729 . As if to catch up on something, three representatives of the family held council offices between 1752 and 1806. Enrolled in the Bavarian nobility in 1813 as a noble , the Scheurl von Defersdorf were raised to hereditary baron status in 1884 with the Protestant canon lawyer Adolf von Scheurl .

Possessions

Scheurl Castle in Fischbach , owned by the family since 1535

Former possessions

The Scheurl owned large estates in and around Nuremberg. From 1485 on, their Nuremberg headquarters was the house below the castle, at Burgstrasse 10. Among other things, they had the following properties:

Known family members

From the ownership history of the Pfinzingschloss Feucht

  • Christoph Gottlieb Scheurl von Defersdorf, Counselor (from 1682)
  • Christoph Gottlieb Scheurl from Defersdorf d. I. (from 1713)
  • Karl Wilhelm Scheurl von Defersdorf (from 1764)
  • Christoph Gottlieb Scheurl von Defersdorf (from 1793 to 1823)

coat of arms

Family coat of arms : In red, a leaping, horned silver panther with a sticking out tongue and a standing, four-fold tied tail. The panther growing on the helmet with the red and silver helmet covers .

  • Scheurl family coat of arms, around 1510 (Lucas Cranach the Elder)

  • Scheurl / Geuder coat of arms , Lorenzkirche

  • Faience plate of Christoph II Scheurl with Scheurl / Fütterer marriage coat of arms (from 1532)

  • Epitaph in the Sebaldskirche

  • Epitaph for Jacob Wilhelm Scheurl von Defersdorf in the town church of Hersbruck , 1719

See also

literature

Web links

Commons : Scheurl von Defersdorf family  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Stumpf, Christoph A., "Scheurl, Christoph" in: Neue Deutsche Biographie 22 (2005), pp. 715–716
  2. ^ Stumpf, Christoph A., "Scheurl, Christoph" in: Neue Deutsche Biographie 22 (2005), pp. 715–716
  3. ^ The history of Defersdorf
  4. ↑ see this high-resolution scan of the copper engraving by Johann Wilhelm Windter from 1741