Shell D class
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The D-class or Drupa class of the oil company Shell was built in the 1960s series of crude oil tankers.
history
After the Suez Canal was closed in 1956, tanker shipping on the route from the Persian Gulf to Europe had to take the detour around South Africa, which led to a strong growth in tanker sizes until the 1970s. Shell developed a new class of tankers with a deadweight of around 70,000 tons in the mid-1960s. The series was ordered in 15 units from shipyards in Great Britain, Northern Ireland, Norway, Sweden, France, Germany and the Netherlands in the mid-1960s. The designation D-Class was derived from the ship name of the series, which began with the letter "D". The lead ship of the class was the Drupa , which entered service in January 1966 . In May 1967 the Diloma completed the series. In Japan, another ship of the class was originally supposed to be built as the Diana , after an enlargement of the design to almost 100,000 tons deadweight it became the Niso the type ship of the N class .
Most of the ships were in service for Shell for a relatively long time, but overall only achieved average journey times. Two of the ships were sold after around ten years and continued to be operated by British ship management under Shell ship management , another was scrapped after only twelve years, but the majority of the remaining D-tankers remained in the service of the original client for a long time at 14 to 22 years. As a second-hand tonnage, the ships remained in service for a few years and were then scrapped. The former Diala is an exception , after being the longest-serving ship in its class at Shell, its front half was used to convert it into a storage ship after a fire in 1990. This is still in service as FSO Peeti today.
description
The ships were designed as pure crude oil tankers in single-hull construction and a length of almost 244 meters. The ships had a characteristically shaped forecastle , which was led further back on the outside than in the middle of the ship and a deckhouse arranged very aft above the engine room . There were differences within the series by which the individual designs could be distinguished. All motor ships and the Daphnella turbine ship had a larger single chimney on the rear deck structure, while the Darina , Drupa , Dolabella and Diala turbine ships had two more delicate side chimneys. The Dolabella had a slightly different stern than the rest of the series. The tankers had two continuous longitudinal bulkheads and transverse bulkheads. All ships had slop tanks and two side tanks for ballast water. The manifold with two cargo posts and four cargo booms was placed a little further aft than amidships.
The turbine ships were powered by two steam turbines from STAL-Laval or Hawthorn, Leslie , some of which were manufactured under license from the respective shipyards; the motor ships would each have two main engines from Burmeister & Wain , Stork , Harland & Wolff , Sulzer or Kockums .
Some ships, such as the Drupa and Diala , were converted in the 1970s for cargo handling at the Brent Spar storage tank in the Brent (oil field) in the North Sea.
Due to the use of high-strength shipbuilding steel in the deck and floor construction, the units built at Deutsche Werft had a steel weight of around 1100 tonnes less than normal steel and a resulting higher load-bearing capacity. In addition, a plastic-based surface coating was used on these ships, which should lead to a lower frictional resistance of the outer skin.
The ships
| Shell D class | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Building name | Shipyard / construction number | IMO number | delivery | Client shipping company |
Later names and whereabouts |
| Drupa | German shipyard, Hamburg / 780 | 6519314 | January 1966 | Shell Tankers UK, London | Rebuilt in 1975 for use in the Brent oil field, scrapped in 1993 |
| Daphnella | JLThompson & Sons, Sunderland / 716 | 6602721 | June 1966 | Shell Tankers UK, London | 1976 Philippine Star , 1980 Catalunya , 1982 Palaima , 1984 Arkay , 1985 Kay , 1986 conversion to FPSO Acqua Blu , scrapped in Chittagong in 1995 |
| Darina | German shipyard, Hamburg / 781 | 6602733 | May 1966 | Shell Tankers UK, London | scrapped in Kaohsiung on December 19, 1983 |
| Diadema | Wilton-Fijenoord, Schiedam / 786 | 6608749 | June 1966 | Curacaosche Scheepvaart Mij., Willemstad | Scrapped in Chittagong in 1985 |
| Dolabella | Chantiers de l'Atlantique, Saint-Nazaire / C23 | 6613550 | June 1966 | Société Maritime Shell, Paris | from January 29, 1978 scrapped at An Hsiung Iron & Steel Company in Kaohsiung |
| Diala | German shipyard, Hamburg / 811 | 6611796 8765670 |
September 1966 | Deutsche Shell AG, Hamburg German Shell Tanker Company , Hamburg |
1988 Lan Shui , burned out on March 17, 1990 at the Intan Terminal, Indonesia, laid up in Brunei in 1991/92, in 1992 fore and central ship converted to FSO Bongkot FSO I , aft ship scrapped in Nantong, 2006 FSO Peeti |
| Donovania | Kockums Mek. Verksted, Malmö / 477 | 6611124 | October 1966 | Shell Tankers UK, London | 1985 Worthy , scrapped in Alang from October 1992 |
| Donacilla | JLThompson & Sons, Sunderland / 717 | 6612271 | November 1966 | Shell Tankers UK, London | 1976 Mena , scrapped in Rayong from October 26, 1985 |
| Dione | NDSM, Amsterdam / 500 | 6622379 | November 1966 | Curacaosche Scheepvaart Mij., Willemstad | 1981 Strofades II , scrapped in Xingang from November 1985 |
| Dosina | RDM, Rotterdam / 314 | 6615338 | November 1966 | Curacaosche Scheepvaart Mij., Willemstad | 1981 Yerotsakos , scrapped in Inchon on July 31, 1984 |
| Donax | Harland & Wolff, Belfast / 1663 | 6615326 | December 1966 | Shell Tankers UK, London | 1984 Savvas II , from October 1988 as a storage ship in Jeddah, scrapped in Alang in 1992 |
| Dorcasia | Kockums Mek. Verksted, Malmö / 478 | 6619607 | January 1967 | Shell Tankers UK, London | 1977 Siam , scrapped in Rayong from November 12, 1985 |
| Dallia | Rosenberg Mek. Verksted, Stavanger / 188 | 6621064 | March 1967 | Curacaosche Scheepvaart Mij., Willemstad | 1985 Rose Dallia , scrapped in Alang on February 20, 1994 |
| Diloma | NDSM, Amsterdam / 499 | 6600060 | May 1967 | Curacaosche Scheepvaart Mij., Willemstad | 1981 Takis E , 1985 storage ship in Gibraltar, scrapped in Chittagong from July 30, 1990 |
| Daphne | Rosenberg Mek. Verksted, Stavanger / 187 | 6608256 | May 1967 | Curacaosche Scheepvaart Mij., Willemstad | 1985 Bella Daphne , scrapped in Alang on February 24, 1992 |
| Data: Equasis, large tonnage | |||||
See also
literature
- Brennecke, Jochen: Tanker - From the petroleum clipper to the super tanker . Koehlers Verlagsgesellschaft, Herford 1975, ISBN 3-7822-0066-7 , p. 233/234 .
- Howarth, Stephen: SeaShell - The Story of Shell's British Tanker Fleets 1892-1992 . 1st edition. Thomas Reed Publications, London, Hamburg, Boston 1992, ISBN 0-947637-32-X .
Web links
- Page about the Shell D-Tanker (Dutch)
Individual evidence
- ↑ Equasis homepage (English)
- ↑ grosstonnage homepage (English)